1、2016 年湖南师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.Renaissance（分数：2.00）_3.Neoclassicism（分数：2.00）_4.G20 Summit（分数：2.00）_5.ISIS（分数：2.00）_6.Air Strike（分数：2.00）_7.Windsor Castle（分数：2.00）_8.Capitol Hill（分数：2.00）_9.Memorial Day（分数：2.00）_10.Cathedral（分数：2.00）_11.the Norman Conqu
2、est（分数：2.00）_12.drunk driving（分数：2.00）_13.Netizen（分数：2.00）_14.IMF（分数：2.00）_15.energy sector（分数：2.00）_16.ideological clash（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.知识经济（分数：2.00）_19.产业转移（分数：2.00）_20.保税区（分数：2.00）_21.文化遗产（分数：2.00）_22.维和部队（分数：2.00）_23.小心滑倒（分数：2.00）_24.避暑山庄（分数：2.00）_25.海上丝绸之路（分数：2.00）_26.端午节（分数：2.00）_文物_赤道_岛礁_
3、佛寺_31.经济共同体（分数：2.00）_32.地缘政治（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.It is simple enough to say that since books have classesfiction, biography, poetrywe should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most comm
4、only we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, that would be an ad
5、mirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Being his fellow-worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the full-lest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible
6、, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to gi
7、ve you, something far more definite. The thirty-two chapters of a novelif we consider how to read a novel at firstare an attempt to make something as formed and controlled as a building, but words are more impalpable than bricks, reading is a longer and more complicated process than seeing. Perhaps
8、the quickest way to understand the elements of what a novelist is doing is not to read, but to write; to make your own experiment with the dangers and difficulties of words. Recall, then, some event that has left a distinct impression on youhow at the corner of the street, perhaps, you passed two pe
9、ople talking. A tree shook; an electric light danced; the tone of the talk was comic, but also tragic; a whole vision, an entire conception seemed contained in that moment.（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.在写文章中我可是有个志愿希望能写出一本好的剧本来。虽然我是没有什么远大志愿的人，这个志愿写个好剧本可的确不算很小。要达到这个志愿，我须 第一，去读很多很多的书顶好是能上外国去读几年书。 第二，我须有戏必看，去“养”我
10、的眼睛。 第三，我想我应当到什么剧团中作二年职员，天天和导演、演员、与其他的专门的技术人员有亲密的接触。 第四，或者我还应当学学演戏，常扮个什么不重要的角色。 把上述四项都做到，我还不知道我是否有写剧的天才。假若没有，我的工夫虽然下到了， 可还是难以如愿。这个志愿真的不算小!（分数：2.00）_2016 年湖南师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.Renaissance（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：文艺复兴)解析：3.Neoclassicism（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(
11、正确答案：新古典主义)解析：4.G20 Summit（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：二十国集团峰会)解析：5.ISIS（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：伊拉克和大叙利亚伊斯兰国)解析：6.Air Strike（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：空袭)解析：7.Windsor Castle（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：温莎城堡)解析：8.Capitol Hill（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：美国国会山)解析：9.Memorial Day（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(美国)阵亡将士纪念日)解析：10.Cathedral（分数：2.00）
12、_正确答案：(正确答案：大教堂)解析：11.the Norman Conquest（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：诺曼征服)解析：12.drunk driving（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：酒驾)解析：13.Netizen（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：网民)解析：14.IMF（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund)解析：15.energy sector（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：能源部门)解析：16.ideological clash（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确
13、答案：意识形态冲突)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.知识经济（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：knowledge economy)解析：19.产业转移（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：industrial transfer)解析：20.保税区（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：bonded area)解析：21.文化遗产（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：cultural heritage)解析：22.维和部队（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：peacekeeping force)解析：23.小心滑倒（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Caution!
14、 Slippery!)解析：24.避暑山庄（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：mountain resort)解析：25.海上丝绸之路（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Maritime Silk Road)解析：26.端午节（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Dragon Boat Festival)解析：文物_正确答案：(正确答案：cultural relics)解析：赤道_正确答案：(正确答案：the equator)解析：岛礁_正确答案：(正确答案：island reef)解析：佛寺_正确答案：(正确答案：Buddhist temple)解析：31.经济共同体（分数：
15、2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：economic community)解析：32.地缘政治（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：geopolitics)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.It is simple enough to say that since books have classesfiction, biography, poetrywe should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people a
16、sk from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such p
17、reconceptions when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Being his fellow-worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the full-lest possible value from what you read.
18、But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that
19、 your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite. The thirty-two chapters of a novelif we consider how to read a novel at firstare an attempt to make something as formed and controlled as a building, but words are more impalpable than bricks, reading is a longer and
20、 more complicated process than seeing. Perhaps the quickest way to understand the elements of what a novelist is doing is not to read, but to write; to make your own experiment with the dangers and difficulties of words. Recall, then, some event that has left a distinct impression on youhow at the c
21、orner of the street, perhaps, you passed two people talking. A tree shook; an electric light danced; the tone of the talk was comic, but also tragic; a whole vision, an entire conception seemed contained in that moment.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 书籍既然有小说、传记、诗歌之分，就应该区别对待，从各类书中汲取其理应给予我们的东西，这说起来简单。然而，很少有人向书籍
22、索取它能给予我们的东西。阅读时，我们往往观念模糊，三心二意，要求小说情节真实，要求诗歌内容虚假，要求传记阿谀奉承，要求历史能加深我们自己的偏见。假如读书时，我们能摈弃诸如此类的先入之见，便有了极好的开端。不要对作者指手画脚，要尽量与其融为一体，与其共创作，共谋划。 如果一开始你便畏缩不前，有所保留，你便无法获取所读之书的价值。相反，如果你敞开心扉，虚怀若谷，那么你便会发现，开篇那几句复杂曲折的句子中所透露出的精细入微的迹象和暗示会把你带到一位独一无二的人物面前。让自己沉浸于书中，了解它，很快你便会发现作者给予你的，或试图给予你的东西比你想象中的明确得多。如果一开始便考虑如何阅读一部小说，那么一
23、部三十二章节的小说如同一座错落有致、布局合理的大厦，可词语比砖块更难捉摸，阅读比观看更费时、更复杂。了解作家创作的个中滋味，也许最有效的途径不是读而是写，通过写亲自体验文字工作的艰难险阻。回想某件你记忆犹新的事，比方说，在街道的拐弯处遇到两个人正在谈话。树影婆娑，灯光摇曳，谈话的调子喜中有悲，这一瞬间似乎包含了一种完善的意境，全面的构思。)解析：解析： 本文选自英国著名现代女作家弗吉尼亚.伍尔夫(Virginl Woolf)的怎样读书(How Should One Read a Book)一文，文章阐释了对如何读书的看法，文章用词朴素，行文流畅，给人一种娓娓道来的感觉，而所阐述的内容深刻严肃，
24、读后令人感到意味深长。翻译时，需要从深层次上理解原文，将其含义吃透，然后在此基础上遣词造句，做到既忠实原文，又通顺达。35.汉译英_解析：36.在写文章中我可是有个志愿希望能写出一本好的剧本来。虽然我是没有什么远大志愿的人，这个志愿写个好剧本可的确不算很小。要达到这个志愿，我须 第一，去读很多很多的书顶好是能上外国去读几年书。 第二，我须有戏必看，去“养”我的眼睛。 第三，我想我应当到什么剧团中作二年职员，天天和导演、演员、与其他的专门的技术人员有亲密的接触。 第四，或者我还应当学学演戏，常扮个什么不重要的角色。 把上述四项都做到，我还不知道我是否有写剧的天才。假若没有，我的工夫虽然下到了，
25、可还是难以如愿。这个志愿真的不算小!（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Talking about writing, I have a dream to realize. I hope I can write a good play some day. Though I am not a man of ambition, this dream is not a small one. To realize my dream. Firstly, I need to read a lot or, better still, spend a couple of years studying a
26、broad. Secondly, I must go to the theater and see as many plays as possible to cultivate my eyes. Thirdly, I should get a job at the theater for a year or two to be in everyday contact with directors, actors and all kinds of technicians. Fourthly, perhaps, I should also learn some acting, getting a
27、minor role to play from time to time. Even with all these prerequisites fulfilled, I am still not sure that I have the aptitude of a play-wright. If not, my dream cannot come true even if I have worked the hardest. So you see, in this sense, my dream is really not a small one.)解析：解析： 老舍(1899-1966)，原名舒庆春，字舍予。中国现代小说家、著名作家，杰出的语言大师、人民艺术家，新中国第一位获得“人民艺术家”称号的作家。代表作有骆驼祥子四世同堂，剧本茶馆。本文选自他的散文我有一个梦想，语言生动且具有较强的口语特点，翻译时要将其体现出来。
