1、专业英语八级翻译-2及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.朋友关系的存续是以相互尊重为前提的，容不得半点强求、干涉和控制。U朋友之间，情趣相投、脾气对味则合、则交；反之，则离、则绝。朋友之间再熟悉，再亲密，也不能随便过头，不恭不敬。不然，默契和平衡将被打破，友好关系将不复存在。每个人都希望拥有自己的私密空间，朋友之间过于随便，就容易侵入这片禁区，从而引起冲突，造成隔阂。待友不敬，或许只是一件小事，却可能已埋下了破坏性的种子。维持朋友亲密关系的最好
2、办法是往来有节，互不干涉。/U（分数：15.00）_2.我想不起来哪一个熟人没有手机。今天没有手机的人是奇隆的，这种人才需要解释。我们的所有社会关系都储存在手机的电话本里，可以随时调出使用。古代只有巫师才能拥有这种法宝。 U手机刷新了人与人的关系。会议室门口通常贴着一条通告：请与会者关闭手机。可是会议室里的手机铃声仍然响成一片。我们都是普通人，并没有多少重要的事情。尽管如此，我们也不会轻易关掉手机。打开手机象征我们与这个世界的联系。手机反映出我们的“社交饥渴症”。最为常见的是，一个人走着走着突然停下来，眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信。他不在乎停在马路中央还是厕所旁边。/U 为什么对于手机来电和短信这么
3、在乎?因为我们迫切渴望与社会保持联系。（分数：15.00）_3.都市寸土千金，地价炒得越来越高，今后将更高。拥有一个小小花园的希望，对寻常之辈不啻是一种奢望，一种梦想。 U我想，其实谁都有一个小小花园，这便是我们的内心世界。人的智力需要开发，人的内心世界也是需要开发的。人和动物的区别，除了众所周知的诸多方面，恐怕还在于人有内心世界。心不过是人的一个重要脏器，而内心世界是一种景观，它是由外部世界不断地作用于内心渐渐形成的。每个人都无比关注自己及至亲至爱这人心脏的健损，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可终日。但并非每个人都关注自己及至亲至爱之人的内心世界的阴暗。/U（分数：20.00）_三、BSECTION
4、 B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.I thought that it was a Sunday morning in May; that it was Easter Sunday, and as yet very early in the morning. I was standing at the door of my own cottage. Right before me lay the very scene which could really be commanded from that situation, but exalted, as was usual, a
5、nd solemnized by the power of dreams. There were the same mountains, and the same lovely valley at their feet; but the mountains were raised to more than Alpine height, and there was interspace far larger between them of meadows and forest lawns; the hedges were rich with white roses; and no living
6、creature was to be seen except that in the green churchyard there were cattle tranquilly reposing upon the graves, and particularly round about the grave of a child whom I had once tenderly loved, just as I had really seen them, a little before sunrise in the same summer, when that child died.（分数：15
7、.00）_5.We, the human species, are confronting a planetary emergencya threat to the survival of our civilization that is gathering ominous and destructive potential even as we gather here. But there is hopeful news as well: we have the ability to solve this crisis and avoid the worstthough not allof
8、its consequences, if we act boldly, decisively and quickly. However, too many of the worlds leaders are still best described in the words of Winston Churchill applied to those who ignored Adolf Hitlers threat: They go on in strange paradox, decided only to be undecided, resolved to be irresolute, al
9、l powerful to be impotent. So today, we dumped another 70 million tons of global-warming pollution into the thin shell of atmosphere surrounding our planet, as if it were an open sewer. And tomorrow, we will dump a slightly larger amount, with the cumulative concentrations now trapping more and more
10、 heat from the sun.（分数：15.00）_6.But, as has been true in many other cases, when they were at last married, the most ideal of situations was found to have been changed to the most practical. Instead of having shared their original duties, and as school-boys would say, going halves, they discovered th
11、at the cares of life had been doubled. This led to some distressing moments for both our friends; they understood suddenly that instead of dwelling in heaven they were still upon earth, and had made themselves slaves to new laws and limitations. Instead of being freer and happier than ever before, t
12、hey had assumed new responsibilities; they had established a new household, and must fulfill in some way or another the obligations of it. They looked back with affection to their engagement; they had been longing to have each other to themselves, apart from the world, but it seemed they never felt
13、so keenly that they were still units in modem society.（分数：20.00）_专业英语八级翻译-2答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.朋友关系的存续是以相互尊重为前提的，容不得半点强求、干涉和控制。U朋友之间，情趣相投、脾气对味则合、则交；反之，则离、则绝。朋友之间再熟悉，再亲密，也不能随便过头，不恭不敬。不然，默契和平衡将被打破，友好关系将不复存在。每个人都希望拥有自己的私密空间，朋友之间过于
14、随便，就容易侵入这片禁区，从而引起冲突，造成隔阂。待友不敬，或许只是一件小事，却可能已埋下了破坏性的种子。维持朋友亲密关系的最好办法是往来有节，互不干涉。/U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(Keeping a friendship presupposes the mutual respect, which bears neither imposition, nor interference, nor predomination. Friends tend to become more intimated if they have the same interests and temperth
15、ey can get along well and keep contacting; otherwise they will separate and end the relationship. Friends who are more familiar and closer cannot be too casual and show no respect. Otherwise the harmony and balance will be broken, and the friendship will also be nonexistent any more. Everyone hopes
16、to have his own private space, and if doing anything at will between friends, it is easy to invade this piece of restricted areas, which will lead to the conflict, resulting in alienation. It may be a small matter to be rude to friends; however, it is likely to plant the seeds of devastation. The be
17、st way to keep a close relationship between friends is to keep contacts with restraint, and do not bother each other.)解析：解析 1朋友之间，情趣相投、脾气对味则合、则交；反之，则离、则绝：这句话中文语言简短，但含义却很丰富。由句子理解得“朋友情趣相投、脾气对味是交、合的前提”，故译文用了条件状语从句进行翻译。“情趣相投、脾气对味”，即有相同的兴趣和脾气。故译为same interest and temper。“则合、则交”，译文理解为“相处得好，并且友谊长存”显得更加合理。“
18、则离、则绝”指友谊结束。故译为separate and end the relationship。 2随便过头：too casual。 3不恭不敬：就是指“不尊敬”，故译为show no respect。 4默契：直译为tacit understanding，但不能说是理解被打破了。故应理解为一种默契的(和睦的)局面被打破。用了具象译法，译为harmony。 5私密空间：private space。 6禁区：可译为forbidden area或restricted area。 7隔阂：可译为estrangement或alienation。 8埋下破坏性的种子：直译成bury destructi
19、ve seeds显得生涩难懂。可以理解为种下恶果。故译为plant/sow the seeds of devastation/destruction。 9往来有节，互不干涉：“节”是指“节制，限制”故译为restraint。“互不干涉”指不打扰对方的私密空间。故译为do not bother each other。2.我想不起来哪一个熟人没有手机。今天没有手机的人是奇隆的，这种人才需要解释。我们的所有社会关系都储存在手机的电话本里，可以随时调出使用。古代只有巫师才能拥有这种法宝。 U手机刷新了人与人的关系。会议室门口通常贴着一条通告：请与会者关闭手机。可是会议室里的手机铃声仍然响成一片。我们都
20、是普通人，并没有多少重要的事情。尽管如此，我们也不会轻易关掉手机。打开手机象征我们与这个世界的联系。手机反映出我们的“社交饥渴症”。最为常见的是，一个人走着走着突然停下来，眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信。他不在乎停在马路中央还是厕所旁边。/U 为什么对于手机来电和短信这么在乎?因为我们迫切渴望与社会保持联系。（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(Cellphone has altered human relations. There is usually a note on the door of conference room, which reads Please turn off your hand
21、set! However, cellphone rings are still resounding in the room. We are all common people and have few urgencies to do. Still, we are reluctant to turn off the phone. Cellphone symbolizes our connection with the world and reflects our thirst for socialization. We are familiar with the scene that a pe
22、rson stops his steps to edit short messages with eyes glued at his phone screen, regardless of his location, whether in the center of a road or beside a restroom.)解析：解析 1刷新：可译为“改变”，即alter。 2会议室门口通常贴着一条通告：将这句话补充完整为“会议室门口通常贴着一条通告，通告上写着”。“会议室门口通常贴着一条通告”用there be句型进行翻译更加符合英语的表达习惯。我们知道贴在门上的一般都是一些小标识牌或便条，
23、故“通告”译为note(注意)或notice，sign。“写着”一般都译为read或say。 3请与会者关闭手机：门上的标识通常都要求简洁明了，并且带有命令口气。故常用祈使句。handset：手机。 4会议室的手机铃声仍然响成一片：“铃声”译为ring。“响成一片”译为resound(回响)，形象地描述了会议室中充满手机铃声这一场景。 5重要的事：转译为“紧急的事”，即urgency。 6我们也不会轻易关掉手机：“不轻易”不是“不容易”，而是“不到迫不得已绝不”，也就是“不情愿”，故译为be reluctant to。 7打开手机象征我们与这个世界的联系。手机反映at我们的“社交饥渴症”：这两
24、句用了合句译法。将“打开手机”省去了“打开”，译为cellphone，这样使文章意义更紧凑。 8最为常见的是，一个人走着走着突然停下来，眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信。他不在乎停在马路中央还是厕所旁边：这里宜采用增词译法，补充为“最为常见的场景是”。译文用一个同位语从句和连词regardless of将两个句子连接在一起。“眼睛盯着屏幕”译为with eyes glued at his phone screen，译得非常巧妙，形象地描绘出发短信人的专注。3.都市寸土千金，地价炒得越来越高，今后将更高。拥有一个小小花园的希望，对寻常之辈不啻是一种奢望，一种梦想。 U我想，其实谁都有一个小小花园，这便是我
25、们的内心世界。人的智力需要开发，人的内心世界也是需要开发的。人和动物的区别，除了众所周知的诸多方面，恐怕还在于人有内心世界。心不过是人的一个重要脏器，而内心世界是一种景观，它是由外部世界不断地作用于内心渐渐形成的。每个人都无比关注自己及至亲至爱这人心脏的健损，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可终日。但并非每个人都关注自己及至亲至爱之人的内心世界的阴暗。/U（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(I think everyone, in effect, has a small garden of his own, namely, his inner world. There is a need for huma
26、n beings to tap into their own intelligence, so is the case with their inner world. What distinguishes between human beings and animals, apart from the various aspects which are universally known, may probably be in that human beings have an inner world. Heart is no more than an important organ wher
27、eas the inner world constitutes a landscape, which gradually takes its shape under the continuous influence from the outside world. So great importance that everyone attaches to the physical condition of his own heart or those of his closest and dearest ones that merely a minor disease would endurin
28、gly weigh on his mind. But not everyone is concerned with the condition of his own inner world and that of his closest and dearest ones.)解析：解析 1这便是：也就是，亦即，可译为namely。 2内心世界：inner world或inward world。 3人的智力需要开发，人的内心世界也是需要开发的：“开发”用exploit不恰当，它指的是开发能源。而这里指的开发智力，可理解为“挖掘”tap into，后一句的“也需要开发”若直接译成there is a
29、lso a need to tap into就显得啰嗦了，故用短语“so is the case with.”(也一样)。 4人和动物的区别人有内心世界：整句用了一个主语从句，用转性译法将“区别”转化为动词“把区分开”，可以译为distinguish.from.或distinguish between.and.“在于”译为in that。 5不过：即仅仅，只是。可用only，但no more than更符合英语表达习惯。 6它是由外部世界不断地作用于内心渐渐形成的：这一句是对内心世界进行补充说明的句子，用一个定语从句来译使句子更加紧凑。“形成”译为take shape。 7每个人都无比关注，以
30、至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可终日：“无比关注，以至于”可以用so.that.这个句型。若按中文顺序则译为everyone attaches so great importance to.that.本译文中将so great importance提前了。“无比关注”：重视，故译为attach importance to，“心脏的健损”指的是心脏的健康状况，故译为the condition of heart。“微疾”指小病，故译为minor disease。“惶惶不可终日”可以理解为整日担心，一直挂在心上，故译为enduringly weigh on ones mind。enduringly“长久地”，
31、weigh on ones mind“挂在心上”。 8但并非每个人都关注的阴晴：最后这句话的“关注内心世界”与前句话的“关注心脏健损”形成对比，故“内心世界的阴晴”译为condition of inner world。三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.I thought that it was a Sunday morning in May; that it was Easter Sunday, and as yet very early in the morning. I was standing at the door of my own cottag
32、e. Right before me lay the very scene which could really be commanded from that situation, but exalted, as was usual, and solemnized by the power of dreams. There were the same mountains, and the same lovely valley at their feet; but the mountains were raised to more than Alpine height, and there wa
33、s interspace far larger between them of meadows and forest lawns; the hedges were rich with white roses; and no living creature was to be seen except that in the green churchyard there were cattle tranquilly reposing upon the graves, and particularly round about the grave of a child whom I had once
34、tenderly loved, just as I had really seen them, a little before sunrise in the same summer, when that child died.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(我想那是五月的一个周日的早晨；那天是复活节，大清早的时候。我仿佛站在自家小屋的门口。就在我的面前展现出了那么一番景色，事实上，从我站的那个位置这番景象是能够尽收眼底的，可是梦里的感觉往往如此，一派肃穆气象。山还是那些山，山脚下有着同样可爱的山谷；但是山变高了，比阿尔卑斯山峰还挺拔了些，诸山相距更加空旷，丰草如茵，林地开阔，错落其问；树篱上
35、长满白色的蔷薇花；远近看不见任何动物，唯有苍翠的教堂庭院里牛群静静地卧躺在那片郁郁葱葱的墓地旁歇息，牛群尤其靠近一座幼儿之墓，那是我曾经百般疼爱的孩子之墓。整幅景象正如那年夏天在旭日东升的前一刻，那孩子去世时我所看到的一模一样。)解析：解析 1very early in the morning：若按字面译为“早上非常早”显得干瘪，没有原文的优美。故译为“大清早”。 2Right before me lay the very scene which could really be commanded from that situation, but exalted, as was usual,
36、and solemnized by the power of dreams：此句结构较为复杂，总体结构为before me lay.which really, but.by the power of dreams。从but处开始断句。 3the very scene which could really be commanded from that situation：这是which引导的定语从句用来修饰scene。意思是：事实上，在我那个位置可以将这番景象看清楚的。这才有后文的转折，在梦境中这番景象被美化了。command这里是远望的意思。 4exalted：被提升的，被赞扬的，高尚的。译为
37、“超凡脱俗”更符合原文的文风。 5solemnized：使显得庄严的。 6there were the same mountains., when the child died：最后这句话由4个小分句构成。分号隔开后各成一句。 7and there was interspace far larger between them of meadows and forest lawns：此句正常顺序为there was far larger interspace of meadows and forest lawns between them。them指代的是前半句的mountains。inters
38、pace：空隙，空间。meadow：草地。 8hedge：树篱，绿篱。 9and no living creature was to be seen except.when that child died：最后这个小分句也很长。要分清句子结构才能正确地理解和翻译。总结构为no living creature was to be seen except.。其中包含了两个从句：一个是a child后的定语从句；另一个是just as I really seen them后的时间状语从句。 10churchyard：墓地。 11repose：休息。5.We, the human species, a
39、re confronting a planetary emergencya threat to the survival of our civilization that is gathering ominous and destructive potential even as we gather here. But there is hopeful news as well: we have the ability to solve this crisis and avoid the worstthough not allof its consequences, if we act bol
40、dly, decisively and quickly. However, too many of the worlds leaders are still best described in the words of Winston Churchill applied to those who ignored Adolf Hitlers threat: They go on in strange paradox, decided only to be undecided, resolved to be irresolute, all powerful to be impotent. So t
41、oday, we dumped another 70 million tons of global-warming pollution into the thin shell of atmosphere surrounding our planet, as if it were an open sewer. And tomorrow, we will dump a slightly larger amount, with the cumulative concentrations now trapping more and more heat from the sun.（分数：15.00）_正
42、确答案：(我们人类，正面临全球性的危机，人类文明的存亡受到了威胁。正当我们聚集在这里时，我们的文明世界里也正聚集起一股极具破坏力的邪恶势力。但也有令人欣喜的消息：如果行动大胆果断，反应迅速的话，我们有能力解除这场危机，即使不能避免所有的恶果，至少可以避免最坏的结局。 但是，时下世界上的许多国家领导人的表现用当年温斯顿丘吉尔批评欧洲诸政要忽视阿道夫希特勒之威胁的名言来形容最合适不过了：“他们在奇怪的矛盾中前行，决定不做决定，下定决心摇摆不定，强势地表现出无能。” 今天，我们又向地球薄薄的大气层倾倒七千万吨温室气体，把其当做公共排污管。明天我们还会变本加厉，堆积的温室气体储藏了越来越多的太阳热量。
43、)解析：解析 1planetary emergency：若直译为“星球的紧急时刻”显然意思不通。根据后文讲到的环境问题推断，这里的planetary应该指的是“地球的”，而emergency则译为“危机”。故译为“全球危机”。 2a threat to the survival of our civilization that is gathering ominous and destructive potential even as we gather here：这一句是对planetary emergency的解释。指出全球性危机就是人类文明受到了威胁。civilization后跟了一个t
44、hat引导的定语从句，定语从句又是一个由even as“正当时”连接的状语从句。 3ominous：不祥的，不吉利的，凶兆的。 4.we have the ability to solve this crisis and avoid the worstthough not allof its consequences, If we act boldly, decisively and quickly：此句是一个由if引导的条件状语从句，主语在前，从句在后。而中文的表达习惯是把假设的放在前面，翻译时需要换序。 5paradox：自相矛盾的人或事。 6irresolute：优柔寡断的，犹豫不决的。
45、 7impotent：无能的，无力的。 8decided only to be undecided, resolved to be irresolute, all powerful to be impotent：这几句话主要体现出决策者相互推脱责任，一直犹豫不决，不采取有效措施。 9dump：倾倒垃圾。 10open sewer：sewer指下水道、排污管。open本意为“开放的”，这里引申的“公共的”。 11And tomorrow, we will dump a slightly larger amount：larger是与现在排出的七千万吨进行比较。比现在更多、更甚，译为“变本加厉”。6.But, as has been true in many other cases, when they were at last married, the most ideal of situations was found to have been changed to the most practical. Instead of having shared their original duties, and as school-boys w
