1、专业英语八级听力-二及答案解析 (总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Test 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).According to Dr. Johnson, diversity means _.（分数：1.00）A.merging of different cultural identitiesB.more emphasis on homogeneityC.embracing of more ethnic differencesD.acceptance of more branches of Christianity(2).According to the
2、 interview, which of the following statements is CORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.Some places are more diverse than others.B.Towns are less diverse than large cities.C.Diversity can be seen everywhere.D.America is a truly diverse country.(3).According to Dr. Johnson, which place will witness a radical change in i
3、ts racial makeup by 2025?（分数：1.00）A.MaineB.SelinsgroveC.PhiladelphiaD.California(4).During the interview Dr. Johnson indicates that _.（分数：1.00）A.greater racial diversity exists among younger populationsB.both older and younger populations are racially diverseC.age diversity could lead to pension pro
4、blemsD.older populations are more racially diverse(5).According to the interview, religious diversity _.（分数：1.00）A.was most evident between 1990 and 2000B.exists among Muslim immigrantsC.is restricted to certain places in the USD.is spreading to more parts of the country二、Test 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.
5、00）(1).Which of the following statements is CORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.Toastmasters was originally set up to train speaking skills.B.Toastmasters only accepts prospective professional speakers.C.Toastmasters accepts members from the general public.D.Toastmasters is an exclusive club for professional speaker
6、s.(2).The following are job benefits by joining Toastmasters EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.becoming familiar with various means of communicationB.learning how to deliver messages in an organized wayC.becoming aware of audience expectationsD.learning how to get along with friends(3).Toastmasters general approa
7、ch to training can be summarized as _.（分数：1.00）A.practice plus overall trainingB.practice plus lecturesC.practice plus voice trainingD.practice plus speech writing(4).Toastmasters aims to train people to be all the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.public speakersB.grammar teachersC.masters of ceremonie
8、sD.evaluators(5).The interview mainly focuses on _.（分数：1.00）A.the background informationB.the description of training coursesC.the requirements of public speakingD.the overall personal growth三、Test 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).Mary doesnt seem to favour the idea of a new airport because _.（分数：1.00）A
9、.the existing airports are to be wastedB.more people will be encouraged to travelC.more oil will be consumedD.more airplanes will be purchased(2).Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Mary as a potential disadvantage?（分数：1.00）A.More people in the area.B.Noise and motorways.C.Waste of land.D.Unn
10、ecessary travel.(3).Freddy has cited the following advantages for a new airport EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.more job opportunitiesB.vitality to the local economyC.road constructionD.presence of aircrew in the area(4).Mary thinks that people dont need to do much travel nowadays as a result of _.（分数：1.00）A.le
11、ss emphasis on personal contactB.advances in modem telecommunicationsC.recent changes in peoples conceptsD.more potential damage to the area(5).We learn from the conversation that Freddy is _ Marys ideas.（分数：1.00）A.strongly in favour ofB.mildly in favour ofC.strongly againstD.mildly against四、Test 4(
12、总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).According to Nigel, most problems of air travel are caused by _.（分数：1.00）A.unfavourable weather conditionsB.airports handling capacityC.inadequate ticketing serviceD.overbooking(2).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as compensation for volunteers for the next flight o
13、ut?（分数：1.00）A.Free ticket.B.Free phone call.C.Cash reward.D.Seat reservation.(3).Why does Nigel suggest that business travellers avoid big airports?（分数：1.00）A.Because all flights in and out of there are full.B.Because the volume of traffic is heavy.C.Because there are more popular flights.D.Because
14、there are more delays and cancellations.(4).According to Nigel, inexperience travellers are likely to make the following mistakes EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.booking on less popular flightsB.buying tickets at full priceC.carrying excessive luggageD.planning long business trips(5).Which of the following stat
15、ements is INCORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.The possibility of discounts depends on a travel agents volume of business.B.Longer flights to the same destination may be cheaper.C.It is advisable to plan every detail of a trip in advance.D.Arranging for stopovers can avoid overnight travel.五、Test 5(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分
16、数：5.00）(1).Which of the following statements is TRUE about Miss Greens university days?（分数：1.00）A.She felt bored.B.She felt lonely.C.She cherished them.D.The subject was easy.(2).Which of the following is NOT part of her job with the Department of Employment?（分数：1.00）A.Doing surveys at workplace.B.A
17、nalyzing survey results.C.Designing questionnaires.D.Taking a psychology cours(3).According to Miss Green, the main difference between the Department of Employment and the advertising agency lies in _.（分数：1.00）A.the nature of workB.office decorationC.office locationD.work procedures(4).Why did Miss
18、Green want to leave the advertising agency?（分数：1.00）A.She felt unhappy inside the company.B.She felt work there too demanding.C.She was denied promotion in the company.D.She longed for new opportunities.(5).How did Miss Green react to a heavier workload in the new job?（分数：1.00）A.She was willing and
19、ready.B.She sounded mildly eager.C.She was a bit surprised.D.She sounded very reluctant.六、Test 6(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).What is the purpose of Professor McKays report?（分数：1.00）A.To look into the mental health of old people.B.To explain why people have negative views on old age.C.To help correct
20、some false beliefs about old age.D.To identify the various problems of old ag(2).Which of the following is NOT Professor McKays view?（分数：1.00）A.People change in old age a lot more than at the age of 21.B.There are as many sick people in old age as in middle age.C.We should not expect more physical i
21、llness among old people.D.We should not expect to find old people unattractive as a group.(3).According to Professor McKays report, _.（分数：1.00）A.family love is gradually disappearingB.it is hard to comment on family feelingC.more children are indifferent to their parentsD.family love remains as stro
22、ng as ever(4).Professor McKay is _ towards the tendency of more parents living apart from their children.（分数：1.00）A.negativeB.positiveC.ambiguousD.neutral(5).The only popular belief that Professor McKay is unable to provide evidence against is _.（分数：1.00）A.old-age sicknessB.loose family tiesC.poor m
23、ental abilitiesD.difficulties in maths专业英语八级听力-二答案解析 (总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Test 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).According to Dr. Johnson, diversity means _.（分数：1.00）A.merging of different cultural identitiesB.more emphasis on homogeneityC.embracing of more ethnic differencesD.acceptance of more branche
24、s of Christianity解析：听力原文 1-5(W=Interviewer M=Dr. James Johnson)W: The word diversity has become a clich in the United States today. It seems to me that nowadays Americans cannot mm on the television or read a newspaper without seeing the word pop up somewhere as a description of the American demogra
25、phic. Then what is this diversity in the US? Today, we are very pleased to have Dr. James Johnson here on our talk show. Welcome, Dr. Johnson.M: Thanks.W: Dr. Johnson, we know you have done extensive research on diversity. So what is .how do you define diversity in the American context?M: Well, at o
26、ne time, the US was called a melting pot, you know, which means that people of many different religions, cultures and races could shed their traditional cultural identities and blend into one homogeneous nation.W: Am I right in saying that a melting pot would emphasize the idea of all in one or bein
27、g the same?M: Yes, you may say so. Urn, or course, when the phrase melting pot was popular, there was also the idea of being different. But being different then simply meant Catholic as opposed to Protestant, or Irish as opposed to Swedish or Italian.W: Has the idea of being different changed over t
28、he years?M: Yes, of course. 1 You see, today we use the word diversity to refer to more visible ethnic differencesAsian American, African American and Latino, for instance. And religious diversity refers to a variety of world religions, not merely different branches of Christianity.W: 2 And now is A
29、merica as a whole truly diverse?M: Well, I think, in all this talk of diversity, there is a critical point that may be missed. That is, diversity is not occurring everywhere in the US, or at least not to a degree that would alter the demography of every region in the country.W: Oh, really?M: I can g
30、ive you an example. Recently, a New York Times article describes the town of Selinsgrove in Pennsylvania. You see, in the last ten years, things have barely changed in that town. The population has dropped by one from 5,384 to 5,383, and the town remains virtually 100% white. The article thus conclu
31、des that many portions of the country remain, like Selinsgrove, virtually unchanged on this march towards diversity.W: So regions vary in terms of the degree and types of diversity?M: Thats correct. Lets see, there are 3 types of diversity in the US and they differ from region to region.W: Could you
32、 elaborate on that?M: OK. The first is racial diversity. States with the most racially diverse populations stand in stark contrast to those with the least racially diverse populations. Um, lets look at two states, California and Maine. From 1990 to 2000, Californias Caucasian populationmeaning non-H
33、ispanic whitesdeclined from 57% to 48%. 3 By 2025, as is predicted, that figure will drop to just, 34%, which indicates a future change in the racial composition of California. On the contrary, Maines Caucasian population was 98% of its total population throughout the 1990s. And by 2025, Maines popu
34、lation will still be 97% Caucasian, which means virtually no change in Maines racial diversity over the next 20 or so years.W: This shows that racial diversity is not occurring everywhere. Then what about other types of diversity?M: Right. The second type of diversity is age diversity. And therere s
35、ome interesting age gaps developing between states. For example, there is a large gap between the average age of the 5 states with the youngest populations and the 5 states with the oldest populations. This, of course, is well-known. What is less discussed is the difference between the racial makeup
36、 of younger and older populations. 4 Most of the populations having the greatest racial diversity are younger on average than the populations with great Caucasian representation. It is also well-known that Caucasians tend to be more affluent than other ethnic groups on average. In our pay-as-you-go
37、social security system, workers are taxed to pay the benefits of retirees. So this could lead to a future where wealth is systematically redistributed from younger, poorer minorities, to older, wealthier ones.W: This is a very interesting point. Then what is the third type of diversity in the US?M:
38、The third is religious diversity. Immigration from India, Pakistan and the Middle East brought radically increased numbers of Hindus and Muslims to the US. And Chinese, Vietnamese, Japanese and other Asian immigrants increased the numbers of Buddhists.W: Oh, I see.M: 5 But the point is that these re
39、ligions didnt settle everywhere. They settled mainly in California and major Northeastern and Midwestern cities, such as New York, Philadelphia, Chicago and Minneapolis. From 1990 to 2000, the number of Muslims in New York City grew from 600,000 to nearly one million. In the Los Angeles area, there
40、are now more than 300 Buddhist temples.W: So we see that many parts of the US are truly becoming more diverse, while at the same time, others are essentially remaining the same in terms of race, age and religion.M: Yes, that is true.W: OK, Dr. Johnson, thank you very much for coming on the show and
41、talking to us.M: My pleasure.考点 本题的设题点在解释处(refer to)。精析 对话中约翰逊博士指出，现在我们用“多样化”这个词来指比较容易辨认出来的种族差异，比如亚裔美国人、非裔美国人和拉美人。由此可以看出，博士认为多样化就是更多不同种族的融合，故选C。(2).According to the interview, which of the following statements is CORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.Some places are more diverse than others.B.Towns are less diverse th
42、an large cities.C.Diversity can be seen everywhere.D.America is a truly diverse country.解析：考点 本题的设题点在解释处(that is)精析 对话中主持人问博士现在美国是不是整体上都存在真正的多样化。博士回答说不是美国的所有地区都存在多样化现象，或者至少说多样化还没有达到能改变每个地区的人口结构这种程度，故选A。(3).According to Dr. Johnson, which place will witness a radical change in its racial makeup by 20
43、25?（分数：1.00）A.MaineB.SelinsgroveC.PhiladelphiaD.California解析：考点 本题的设题点在数字信息处精析 对话中指出，据预测，到2025年，加利福尼亚的非西班牙裔白人数量将下降到34%，这表明加利福尼亚将来的人种构成将发生剧烈的变化，故选D。(4).During the interview Dr. Johnson indicates that _.（分数：1.00）A.greater racial diversity exists among younger populationsB.both older and younger popula
44、tions are racially diverseC.age diversity could lead to pension problemsD.older populations are more racially diverse解析：考点 本题的设题点在比较处(than)。精析 对话中提到，与白人占多数的人口构成相比，年轻人中人种多样化的现象最为明显，故选A。(5).According to the interview, religious diversity _.（分数：1.00）A.was most evident between 1990 and 2000B.exists amon
45、g Muslim immigrantsC.is restricted to certain places in the USD.is spreading to more parts of the country解析：考点 本题的设题点在转折处(but)。精析 对话中约翰逊博士提到，宗教的多样化并不是在每个地方都存在，而是主要存在于加利福尼亚以及东北部和中西部的大城市。由此可知美国的宗教多样化仅局限于美国的某些地区，故选C。二、Test 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following statements is CORRECT?（分数：1.
46、00）A.Toastmasters was originally set up to train speaking skills.B.Toastmasters only accepts prospective professional speakers.C.Toastmasters accepts members from the general public.D.Toastmasters is an exclusive club for professional speakers.解析：听力原文 1-5(M=Interviewer W=Mrs. Collins)M: Good morning
47、, Mrs. Collins, welcome to our studio. As a distinguished member of Toastmasters International, could you tell us a bit about the background of the organization?W: Im delighted to have that opportunity. 1 Toastmasters is an international organization designed to develop effective speaking and listening skills. It was founded in 1924 by Ralph Smedley and is headquart
