1、Career Counseling,PowerPoint produced by Melinda Haley, M.S., New Mexico State University.“This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:any public performance or display, including transmission of an image over a network;preparation
2、of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or part, of any images;any rental, lease, or lending of the program.”“Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling the Disabled,Why Is This Needed?Effective and responsive career counseling can significantly impact and empower a person wi
3、th a disability at the level of choices, inclusion and independence.If a person with a disability has choices, is included and has independence, he or she can have a satisfying and rewarding career.“Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling the Disabled,Current Issues that Effect Employment an
4、d Career PossibilitiesDisabilities and capabilities should be carefully considered when assisting a person with a disability in a search for a meaningful career.Due to globalization, increased technology and shifts in population it is more difficult, rather than less difficult, for people with disab
5、ilities to find jobs.Many disabilities hinder development of marketable job skills which can lead to lower income, underemployment and lower self-esteem.People with disabilities often experience (a) limitations in early life experiences, (b) difficulty in making decisions, (c) a negative worker self
6、-concept. “Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling the Disabled,Current Issues that Effect Employment and Career PossibilitiesPeople with disabilities are often limited in the types and amounts of experiences they are allowed to have. They are often specifically restricted in:Career opportun
7、ities. Social experiences.This lack of experience can lead to:Career development problems. Failure to develop a consistent and differentiated personality. Failure to develop a career identity.“Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling the Disabled,Current Issues that Effect Employment and Care
8、er PossibilitiesMany people with disabilities have decisions made for them and do not have an opportunity to become experienced in the decision making process.Many do not get the opportunity to test their own competencies.Many do not receive information that will aid in a realistic perception of wha
9、t opportunities might be available to them.“Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling the Disabled,Current Issues that Effect Employment and Career PossibilitiesSocial attitudes toward disabilities shapes the opportunities and therefore the life of a person with a disability.Long term exposure
10、 to prejudice, negative attitudes and paternalism may fundamentally undercut a persons self-esteem and sense of self-efficacy.Classification Processes: Basically comes from the assumption that people with disabilities are less human and less capable. These are used to make decisions regarding servic
11、es which are made largely by people who do not have a disability.“Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling the Disabled,Legislation Affecting People with DisabilitiesAmericans With Disabilities Act of 1990Removes barriers to employment, public buildings and transportation, state and local gov
12、ernment services. It guarantees equal opportunity and prohibits discrimination in all aspects of the employment process. “Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling the Disabled,Legislation Affecting the Disabled1992 Rehabilitation Act AmendmentsClients have choice in the service provision proc
13、ess.Clients have power in the selection of a vocational goal.Vocational Rehabilitation counselors must consider an individuals strengths, resources, priorities, concerns, abilities, and capabilities when assisting the client in career exploration.The goal is empowerment, independence and self-determ
14、ination.“Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling the Disabled,Legislation Affecting the DisabledTicket to Work and Work Incentives Improvement Act of 1999Designed to increase employment opportunities for individuals who are on Social Security Disability Insurance and Supplemental Security In
15、come.Protects people from losing their health benefits if they work.Gives the client choice in the selection of employment related rehabilitation service providers.“Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling the Disabled,The Empowerment PerspectivePeople with disabilities should have the same d
16、egree of power and control over their lives as people without disabilities.Each individual is worthy of respect ad dignity.Each person should have equal opportunity to maximize his or her potential.People as a rule strive to succeed and grow in a positive direction.People should have the power and a
17、uthority to make decisions that affect their own life.“Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling the Disabled,Things to Remember When Career Counseling a Person with a DisabilityCareer counseling is something you do with the person, not do to or for the person.Clients should be involved in the
18、 planning process and given relevant information that will aid them in making their own decisions.Clients should weigh alternatives, gather information, and explore career options. The counselor can aid in this but should not do this for the client.“Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling th
19、e Disabled,The Counseling ProcessIdentify the clients career goals taking into consideration any specific issues or problems and whether or not the disability was pre- or post- career. This will shape a clients attitudes toward the type of work he or she will prefer.Form a positive working alliance.
20、 Counselors emphasize the clients role and responsibilities including decision making, responsibility for his or her own actions and that he or she is an active participant in the counseling process.“Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling the Disabled,The Counseling ProcessGather client inf
21、ormation. This includes information about the clients specific situation including how he or she views himself or herself, his or her abilities, barriers, worldview, and decision-making style.Understand and make hypotheses about the clients behavior. How does the information the client has presented
22、 relate to the clients career development process? Identify the specific disability variables that will affect outcomes for the client.“Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling the Disabled,The Counseling ProcessTake action. Treat your client in a age-appropriate manner and respect his or her
23、 values and beliefs. Client strengths should be utilized to the fullest. Use client resources (family, friends, spouses etc.) to the clients benefit.Develop a career goal and plan of action. Decide on an appropriate intervention that will best include the client in the decision-making process, as we
24、ll as, best assist the client in his or her goals.“Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling the Disabled,The Counseling ProcessEvaluate the working relationship. Was the client as involved as he or she should be in, (a) gathering information (b) generating ideas and alternative courses of act
25、ion, (c) devising a plan for action?Close the relationship. Establish a monitoring system to provide follow-up and support. Do NOT foster dependency but give the client freedom of choice. Teach clients where to find other community resources.“Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,Career Counseling Presentat
26、ion Resources,Gysbers, N. C., Heppner, M. J. & Johnston, J. A. (2003). Career counseling: Process, issues, and techniques, 2nd ed. Boston, MA.: Allyn & Bacon.Brown, D. (2003). Career information, career counseling, and career development, 8th ed. Boston, MA.: Allyn & Bacon.“Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2004”,
