1、BSI Standards Publication BS ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014 Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) Part 3: Reference architecture viewsBS ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014
2、. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/70, Sensor Networks. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users ar
3、e responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 0 580 72477 0 ICS 35.110 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of th
4、e Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2014. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014 Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) Part 3: Reference architecture views Technologies de linformation Rseaux d
5、e capteurs: Architecture de rfrence pour rseaux de capteurs Partie 3: Vues de larchitecture de rfrence ISO/IEC 2014 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 29182-3 First edition 2014-02-15 Reference number ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014(E)BS ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014(E)ii ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserve
6、d COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior wri
7、tten permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in SwitzerlandB
8、S ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014(E) ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Abbreviated terms 1 5 Purpose of Sensor Network Reference Architecture 2 6 Overview of Sensor Network Refere
9、nce Architecture . 3 7 Business architecture .11 8 Information architecture 12 8.1 Introduction .12 8.2 Application architecture 12 8.3 Data architecture 12 9 Technical architecture .13 9.1 Introduction .13 9.2 Physical View .16 9.3 System View .17 9.4 System Functionality 19 9.5 Technical View 19 B
10、ibliography .22BS ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participat
11、e in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and
12、 non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The m
13、ain task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies cas
14、ting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 29182-3 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Informa
15、tion technology. ISO/IEC 29182 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA): Part 1: General overview and requirements Part 2: Vocabulary and terminology Part 3: Reference architecture views Part 4: Enti
16、ty models Part 5: Interface definitions Part 6: Applications Part 7: Interoperability guidelinesiv ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014(E) Introduction A wide range of applications has been proposed for sensor networks. In practice, however, sensor networks hav
17、e been built and deployed for a relatively small number of applications. This is partly due to the lack of a business case for certain applications and partly due to technical challenges in building a non-trivial sensor network of reasonable complexity. The main reason for this impediment is multi-
18、disciplinary expertise such as sensors, communications and networking, signal processing, electronics, computing, and cyber security is required to design a sensor network. Presently, the design process is so complex that one can leverage little from one sensor network design to another. It appears
19、as if one has to start from almost scratch every time one wishes to design and deploy a sensor network. Yet, upon closer inspection, there are many commonalities in instantiations of sensor networks that realize various applications. These commonalities include similarities in the choice of network
20、architecture and the entities/functional blocks that are used in the architecture. The purpose of the ISO/IEC 29182 series of International Standards (ISs) is to provide guidance to facilitate the design and development of sensor networks, improve interoperability of sensor networks, and make sensor
21、 network components plug-and-play, so that it becomes fairly easy to add/remove sensor nodes to/from an existing sensor network. The ISO/IEC 29182 series can be used by sensor network designers, software developers, system integrators, and service providers to meet customer requirements, including a
22、ny applicable interoperability requirements. The ISO/IEC 29182 series comprises seven parts. Brief descriptions of these parts are given next. ISO/IEC 29182-1 provides a general overview and the requirements for the sensor network reference architecture. ISO/IEC 29182-2 provides definitions for the
23、terminology and vocabulary used in the reference architecture. ISO/IEC 29182-3 presents the reference architecture from various viewpoints, such as business, operational, system, technical, functional, and logical views. This part of ISO/IEC 29182 categorizes the entities comprising the reference ar
24、chitecture into two classes of physical and functional entities and presents models for the entities. ISO/IEC 29182-5 provides detailed information on the interfaces among various entities in the reference architecture. ISO/IEC 29182-6 provides detailed information on the development of Internationa
25、l Standardized Profiles. ISO/IEC 29182-7 provides design principles for the reference architecture that take the interoperability requirements into account. ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved vBS ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014BS ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Referenc
26、e Architecture (SNRA) Part 3: Reference architecture views 1 Scope This International Standard (IS) provides Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) views. The architecture views include business, operational, systems, and technical perspectives, and these views are presented in functional, log
27、ical, and/or physical views where applicable. This IS focuses on high- level architecture views which can be further developed by system developers and implementers for specific applications and services. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced
28、 in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 29182-1, Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Referen
29、ce Architecture (SNRA) Part 1: General overview and requirements ISO/IEC 29182-2, Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) Part 2: Vocabulary and terminology ISO/IEC 29182-4, Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SN
30、RA) Part 4: Entity models ISO/IEC 29182-5, Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) Part 5: Interface definitions 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 29182-2 apply. 4 Abbreviated terms 1D
31、 One-dimensional 2D Two-dimensional 3D Three-dimensional AL Application Layer BFL Basic Function Layer CIP Collaborative Information Processing CLM Cross Layer Management INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014(E) ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014(E)
32、CPU Computer Processing Unit GHL Gateway Hardware Layer GPS Global Positioning System NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration IS International Standard OGC Open Geospatial Consortium OS Operating System PV Physical View RA Reference Architecture SL Service Layer SNHL Sensor Node Hardwar
33、e Layer SNRA Sensor Network Reference Architecture SOA Service-Oriented Architecture SV System View TS Technical Standards TV Technical View 5 Purpose of Sensor Network Reference Architecture This International Standard provides reference architecture views consistent with the requirements which are
34、 defined in ISO/IEC 29182-1 (General overview and requirements) and can be utilized more effectively with other Parts, especially with ISO/IEC 29182-4 (Entity Models) and ISO/IEC 29182-5 (Interface Definitions). A Reference Architecture (RA) is a generalized architecture of several end systems that
35、share one or more common domains, giving direction downward and requiring compliance upward. Therefore, an architecture for a certain application will contain some, most, or all of the reference architecture. In other words, the developer can reuse entities and elements in the reference architecture
36、 that fit his or her application architecture and ignore the rest of entities and elements in the reference architecture. In addition, the RA provides standards and policies for building a specific architecture. RAs provide a consistent point of departure for implementing solutions so that each impl
37、ementation: a) Follows a consistent decomposition and design pattern; b) Reduces cost by exploiting opportunities for reuse of services, products, data definitions, etc.; c) Reduces schedule by starting with a core architecture to be tailored for implementation; and d) Reduces risk by: Incorporating
38、 required global capabilities; and Taking advantaged of lessons learned and related expertise. The Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) outlines “what” the overall structured approach is for facilitating interoperability and the SNRA, from the details of this structure, indicates “how” the 2
39、 ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014(E) architecture and its entities will operate through the development of interface standards. In short, the SNRA provides rules and guidance for developing and presenting architecture descriptions. This standard provides no
40、t only multiple perspectives of SNRA (e.g. business, information, and technical) but also multiple views of the technical architecture (e.g. physical, system, operational, etc.) describing a sensor network (e.g. business, information, application, and data). The combination of these architecture per
41、spectives and views forms a comprehensive architectural description of the sensor network system. The reference architecture perspectives and views are to: a) Show how Sensor Networks operate in a homogeneous or a heterogeneous system; b) Show the systems of equipment and the flows of information th
42、at support the sensor networks; and c) Show the technical rules and guidelines that allow these systems to interoperate. Typically, a developer begins depicting an architecture with desires and needs for the data/information that could be provided by a sensor network or sensor networks and that coul
43、d meet the desires and needs (e.g. then translated into a set of requirements). Additionally, the developer needs to have an understanding of the technology available and also the roadmap of technologies to come. For example, the desires and needs could be a computer and a set of sensor nodes (thus,
44、 a sensor network) in a car to monitor and control subsystems, or alternatively they could be a large system of systems, such as the sensor networks by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to monitor worldwide weather in order to predict weather patterns and to provide warnings if
45、necessary. Each developer will have specific requirements concerning the capabilities that a sensor node or sensor network should have for target applications and services. The developer also needs to make many decisions in developing a sensor network architecture including whether a sensor network
46、will perform data processing to provide high level information to a user, or a sensor network will make the raw data available to a user who will use its own applications to process the raw data. The Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) can provide the developer with various options and unde
47、rstanding for the developments, and more importantly, SNRA provides the developer with the architecture starting point. The SNRA supports the development of interoperating and interacting architectures. It defines the multiple perspectives of SNRA and the multiple views of the technical architecture
48、. Each view is composed of sets of architecture data elements that are depicted via graphic, tabular, or textual products. The SNRA also clearly defines the relationships between these architectural views and the data elements they contain. 6 Overview of Sensor Network Reference Architecture Sensor
49、network is a system of distributed sensor nodes communicating with each other and also interacting with other sensor networks that monitors environments external to the sensor network in order to acquire, process, transfer, and provide information extracted from a physical world. This Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) consists of a set of domains which are concerned with gathering raw data from each domains physical environment, processing raw data into information, and delivering in
