1、Standard Practice for Continuous Thermal Profile of Asphalt Mixture Construction AASHTO Designation: PP 80-181Tech Section: 5c, Quality Assurance and Environmental Release: Group 1 (April) American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 444 North Capitol Street N.W., Suite 249 Was
2、hington, D.C. 20001 TS-5c PP 80-1 AASHTO Standard Practice for Continuous Thermal Profile of Asphalt Mixture Construction AASHTO Designation: PP 80-181 Technical Section: 5c, Quality Assurance and Environmental Release: Group 1 (April) 1. SCOPE 1.1. This work shall consist of continuous thermal prof
3、iling of the asphalt mat temperature immediately behind the trailing edge of the paver screed plate during placement operations. 1.2. This system includes a display that allows the operator in the field to view a pavement surface temperature contour plot and automatically stores and saves the data f
4、or later review. 1.3. This standard practice is intended to be applied for construction quality control. 1.4. All tasks are the contractors responsibility, unless designated otherwise within this provision. 2. TERMINOLOGY 2.1. Definitions: 2.1.1. clouda Web-based user interface. 2.1.1.1. cloud stora
5、genetwork storage (typically the Internet) where the thermal pro file data are stored in virtualized pools of storage. 2.1.1.2. cloud computingthe use of computing resources (hardware and software) that ar e delivered as a service over a network to enable near-real-time visualization (maps) and mani
6、pulation of thermal profile data. 2.1.2. coordinate system a system that uses one or more numbers or coordinates to uniq uely determine the position of a point or other geometric element on a manifold such as Euclidean space. 2.1.2.1. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)a satellite system that
7、is used to pinpoint the geographic location of a users receiver anywhere in the world. Three GNSS systems are currently in operation: the United States Global Positioning System (GPS), the Russian Federations Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), and Europes Galileo. Each of the GNS
8、S systems employs a constellation of orbiting satellites working in conjunction with a network of ground stations. 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-5c PP 80-2 AASHTO 2.1.2.2. Global Po
9、sitioning System (GPS)a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. 2.1.3. Distance Measuring Instrument (DMI)a sensor attached to a wheel on the paver
10、to calculate distance and velocity. 2.1.4. indexmeasure or standard to quantify the uniformity of a hot- or warm-mix asphalt construction operation. 2.1.5. paver mounted thermal profile (PMTP) systema system used to continually monitor surface temperature readings of the mat immediately behind the t
11、railing edge of the screed plate during placement operations. 2.1.5.1.1. contour plota graphic display of data using contour lines and/or color scales. These plots may display raw values or employ varying degrees of smoothing. 2.1.5.1.2. rangethe difference between the surface temperature readings a
12、t the 98.5 and 1 percentile. 2.1.5.1.3. surface temperature readingsthe temperatures of the mat immediately behind the trailing edge of the paver screed during placement operations. 2.1.5.1.4. thermal coverage (TC)the percent of the total paving area, for the given lift, where surface temperature re
13、adings (meeting the requirements of this provision) are collected and stored. 2.1.5.1.5. thermal profilethe surface temperature readings and associated GNSS coordinates and time stamps. 2.1.6. traffic lanethe portion of a traveled way for the movement of a single line of vehicles. 2.1.6.1. auxiliary
14、 lanea portion of the roadway adjoining the traveled way for parking, speed-change, or other purposes supplementary to through traffic movement. 2.1.6.2. centerline offsetsthe location of the left and right edge of the production/compaction area with respect to the centerline, facing in the directio
15、n of increasing stationing. Stationing typically increases from west to east and south to north. 2.1.6.3. direction of travelthe direction that traffic moves during non-construction conditions (e.g., north bound, southbound, eastbound, westbound). 2.1.6.4. roadwaygeneral term denoting a public way f
16、or purposes of vehicular travel, including the entire area within the right of way. 2.1.6.5. traveled waythe portion of the roadway for the movement of vehicles, exclusive of shoulders and auxiliary lanes. 2.1.7. Veta a standardized intelligent construction data management (ICDM) software that store
17、s, maps and analyzes geospatial data resulting from intelligent compaction, thermal profiling and spot test data (e.g., density, moisture). This software can perform standardized data processing, analysis and reporting to provide project summary results quickly in the field from various intelligent
18、compaction and thermal profiling manufacturers. In particular, the software can provide statistics, histograms, correlations for these measurements, document coverage area and evaluate the uniformity of compaction and surface temperature measurements as part of the project quality control operations
19、. Veta can be downloaded from the Advanced Materials and Technology Website. (Software can be downloaded from ) 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-5c PP 80-3 AASHTO 3. CONSTRUCTION REQUI
20、REMENTS 3.1. Equipment Requirements: 3.1.1. PMTP System Supplieruse a thermal equipment supplier that can provide a qualified representative for on-site technical assistance during the initial setup, pre-construction verification, and data management and processing, as needed, during the project to
21、maintain equipment within specifications and requirements. 3.1.2. PMTP Software: 3.1.2.1. Provide the agency with access to the cloud storage and cloud computing before the start of paving requiring the PMTP method until 90 days after final acceptance of all work. 3.1.2.2. Use PMTP software, and clo
22、ud computing and storage, capable of collecting, mapping, retaining, and analyzing the surface temperature readings during placement; exporting thermal profile data meeting the requirements of this provision; and supporting the following features: 3.1.2.2.1. Filtering by surface temperature readings
23、/location (see Table 3). 3.1.2.2.2. Display through a map/graph: Surface temperature readings across the required width and with respect to a user defined sublot length, Paver speed, and Paver stops (location and duration). 3.1.2.2.3. Provide the paving length and duration. 3.1.3. PMTP System: 3.1.3
24、.1. System Requirements: 3.1.3.1.1. Use a PMTP system that functions independently from the paving crew during normal paving operations. Initial data collection must be initiated by an operator. After initializing the equipment, no operator attendance shall be required for continuous data collection
25、. 3.1.3.1.2. Ensure that the power consumption of all installed equipment does not exceed the capacity of the equipment providing operating power. Complete discharge of this system shall not impact the vehicles regular electrical system. 3.1.3.1.3. Provide the agency with PMTP system(s) calibrated a
26、nd installed according to manufacturers recommendations. 3.1.3.1.4. Ensure the PMTP system meets the requirements of Table 1 and is instrumented with the following: 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of appl
27、icable law.TS-5c PP 80-4 AASHTO Table 1PMTP System Requirements Parameter Requirement Longitudinal and Lateral Surface Temperature Readings 305 mm 12.0 in. intervals at all paving speeds Tolerance: 25 mm 1 in. Surface Temperature Readings Total Measurement Width Traffic / Required Auxiliary Lane(s)
28、paved in one pass. Surface Temperature Readings Range: 0 to 250C 32 to 480F Accuracy: 2C 3.6F or 2.0 percent of the sensor reading, whichever is greater. GNSSaAccuracy: 1.2 m 4 ft in the X and Y directions DMI EncoderaAccuracy: 0.025 aThe DMI and GNSS are both used for determination of the location
29、of surface temperature measurements. The agency shall define whether both the GNSS and DMI encoder are required. DMI is difficult to calibrate with changing hopper loads and, therefore, it is recommended that GNSS be required and used for linear distances. (1) Modem, or Wi-Fi, for transferring data
30、to cloud storage. (2) Onboard Documentation SystemUse an onboard documentation system with a minimum of the following capabilities: (2.1) Displays (in real time) a map of the surface temperature readings, (2.2) Displays the total distance, paver speed, and location. (2.3) Reports the surface tempera
31、ture readings and GNSS status. (2.4) Provides real-time statistical summaries of the surface temperature readings. (2.5) Has the ability to manually export data using a removable media device. (2.6) Allows the operator to define the lot currently being placed. 3.1.3.2. PMTP Data: 3.1.3.2.1. Export t
32、he thermal profiling data: (1) As dbase, ASCII, or text format, (2) Directly into Veta if a file format compatible with Veta is available (software can be downloaded from ), or (3) Through a direct transfer of data from cloud storage to Veta. Note 1Direct transfer of data from cloud storage to Veta
33、is the preferred import method as this process reduces the number of steps required to export data from the cloud storage/cloud mapping software. 3.1.3.2.2. Ensure the PMTP date/time stamp is reflective of the local time zone for both mapped and exported data. 3.1.3.2.3. Encrypt the data logged in t
34、he results files to prevent tampering or manipulation. 3.1.3.2.4. Include the information in Table 2 in the header of each data file or section. Include the fields in Table 3 with each data point. 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Du
35、plication is a violation of applicable law.TS-5c PP 80-5 AASHTO Table 2Required Information in Data Header Description Example Data Agency project number, highway, and/or section title Highway 77 Machine trade name ABC Company Machine ID Temp Bar Lateral spacing between surface temperature measureme
36、nts, mm in. 305 12 Longitudinal spacing between surface temperature measurements, mm in. 305 12 Vertical distance between temperature sensor(s) and mat, mm in. 3050 120 Reporting resolution for independent surface temperature datain the paver moving direction, mm in. 305 12 Number of lateral surface
37、 temperature measurements/sensors 10 Number of surface temperature measurement data blocks 5000 Table 3Required Fields for Each Data Block Data Field Name Example Data Date stamp 20130607 (YYYYMMDD) Time stamp 090504.0 (9 hr 5 min 4.0 s) HHMMSS.S (military format) Longitude, decimal degrees, with at
38、 least 8 significant digits 94.85920403 Latitude, decimal degrees, with at least 8 significant digits 45.22777335 Distance, m ft 0.3 1 Direction heading, degree angle, clockwise from the north; or calculated value, in Veta, using values from the other data blocks 45 Speed, m/min ft/min 9.1 30 Surfac
39、e temperature reading/Location 1, C Fa143 290 Surface temperature reading/Location N, C Fa149 300 aSurface temperature readings/locations are numbered from 1 to N, left to right, in the direction of paving. 3.2. Design File: Note 2It is recommended that the agency create the background and alignment
40、 file(s). See Appendix X1 for recommended language. 3.2.1. The alignment file allows the user to geospatially view the surface temperature measurements with respect to the given centerline location. This is beneficial when troubleshooting workmanship, overlaying density data (or other measurement da
41、ta), and/or for identification of PMTP system issues. 3.3. Field StationingEnsure that field station markers match the centerline stationing used in the background and alignment design file, when used. 3.4. PMTP System Setup on Paver(s): 3.4.1. Instrument all pavers that are paving the traffic and r
42、equired auxiliary lanes with the PMTP system. The PMTP system is not required on the secondary paver for instances where echelon paving is used to assist with the paving of auxiliary lanes not requiring PMTP method. Secondary pavers are those pavers that are not used for paving of traffic lanes, but
43、 are used for paving of approaches, ramps, intersecting streets, etc. 3.4.2. Ensure that the installed PMTP system takes measurements within 3 m 10 ft of the trailing edge of the screed plate and does not restrict the accuracy and functionality of the GNSS or DMI. 2018 by the American Association of
44、 State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-5c PP 80-6 AASHTO 3.4.3. Ensure that brackets used for pavement smoothness that are located in the measurement area do not affect more than two (2) surface temperature readings recorded
45、in the lateral direction (see Table 3). Ensure that other obstructions (e.g., umbrellas, lights, etc.) are not obstructing measurements. 3.4.4. Verify that the surface temperature readings and the GNSS are working within the requirements of this provision when requested by the agency. 3.5. Definitio
46、n of Lot and Sublot for Thermal Profiling: 3.5.1. Lot Establishment: 3.5.1.1. The agency defines a lot as all asphalt paving for a given day, lift, material type, and centerline offsets (or lane number). 3.5.1.2. Distinctly identify the lots for thermal profile measurements using the standard format
47、 per Tables 4 and 5. Ensure that the lot designations are digitally stored with the associated thermal profile measurements. See Appendix X1 “Standardized Naming Convention for Lots” for example naming convention. Note 3The coordinates contain the date component of the lot designat ion and, therefor
48、e, are not included in the standardized naming convention. Note 4Automation has been created in Veta that reduces the amount of time to create the project by about 90 percent when using this standardized lot naming convention. Additionally, manufacturers have requested standardization of lot names a
49、mong agencies to allow the ability to start creating associated platforms in the PMTP systems for automation and increasing the ease of labeling, selection, and other operations for screed operators. Table 4Standardized Naming Convention for Thermal Profile Lots Standardized Format Definition ROUTE-MATL-L#-XXX-XXX Undivided Highways (e.g., US68-HMA-L1-12L-CL, US68-HMA-L1-1) ROUTE-MATL-L#-XXX-XXX-DT Divided Highwa
