1、Designation: A540/A540M 15Standard Specification forAlloy-Steel Bolting for Special Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A540/A540M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis
2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers regular and special-qualityalloy steel bolting materials and bolting components that maybe used for n
3、uclear and other special applications. See Speci-fication A962/A962M for the definition of bolting.1.2 The following referenced common requirements areindispensable for application of this specification: SpecificationA962/A962M.1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature areprovided for use
4、 at the option of the purchaser. These supple-mentary requirements only apply when specified individuallyby the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound unitsand in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contractspecifies the applica
5、ble “M” specification designation (SIunits), inch-pound units shall apply.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore
6、, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with thestandard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements forBolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryo-genic to the
7、 Creep RangeE45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content ofSteel3. Ordering Information3.1 The inquiry and orders for bolting material and boltingcomponents under this specification shall include thefollowing, as required, to describe the desired items ad-equately:3.1.1 Grade and Class3.1.
8、2 Condition (Section 5),3.1.3 Heat treatment (Section 6),3.1.4 Supplementary Requirements (S1 to S9),3.1.5 Reports required (Section 16),3.1.6 End use, and3.1.7 Any special requirements.3.2 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementaryrequirements.4. Common Requirements4.1 Bolting materials
9、and bolting components supplied tothis specification shall conform to the requirements of Speci-fication A962/A962M. These requirements include testmethods, finish, thread dimensions, macro etch, marking,certification, optional supplementary requirements, and others.Failure to comply with the requir
10、ements of SpecificationA962/A962M constitutes nonconformance with this specifica-tion. In case of conflict between this specification and Speci-fication A962/A962M, this specification shall prevail.5. Manufacture5.1 Bolting material shall be supplied hot-rolled or hot-forged or cold-finished at the
11、option of the producer. However,if desired by the purchaser, cold finishing may be specified.6. Heat Treatment6.1 Bolting material ordered in the annealed condition shallhave a structure suitable for machining. Such annealed materialis not intended to be used without subsequent quenching andtemperin
12、g as specified in 6.2.6.2 Bolting material ordered in the liquid-quenched andtempered condition shall be uniformly reheated from a tem-perature below the cooling transformation range to the properaustenitizing temperature, quenched in a liquid medium undersubstantially uniform conditions, and then u
13、niformly reheatedfor tempering. The minimum tempering temperature shall be850 F 455 C.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Pipi
14、ngApplications and BoltingMaterials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published November 2015. Originallyapproved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as A540/A540M11.DOI: 10.1520/A0540_A0540M-15.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Ap
15、plications see related Specifi-cation SA-540 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe AS
16、TM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16.3 Bolting material that has been straightened after quench-ing and tempering shall be stress relieved by reh
17、eating to atemperature not lower than 100 F 55 C under the temperingtemperature.7. Chemical Composition7.1 Steels used for bolting materials shall conform to thechemical requirements prescribed in Table 1.8. Tensile Requirements8.1 Bolting material furnished in the annealed conditionshall be capable
18、 of meeting the specified tensile properties forthe class as specified in Table 2 when heat treated in accor-dance with 6.2 and 6.3 (see Supplementary Requirement S4).8.2 Bolting material in the quenched and tempered orquenched, tempered and stress-relieved condition shall con-form to properties sho
19、wn in Table 2 for the specified class.9. Hardness Requirements9.1 The hardness shall be determined on the surface of thematerial after removal of decarburization.9.2 The hardness of bolting material in the annealed condi-tion shall not be greater than 235 HBW.9.3 The hardness of bolting material in
20、the quenched andtempered or quenched, tempered and stress-relieved conditionshall be within the limits in Table 2 for the specified class.10. Impact Requirements10.1 Annealed bolting material after proper heat treatmentshall be capable of meeting the impact requirements in Table 2or of Supplementary
21、 Requirement S8, if so specified (seeSupplementary Requirement S4).10.2 Bolting material in the quenched and tempered orquenched, tempered, and stress-relieved condition shall con-form to the impact requirements in Table 2, or of Supplemen-tary Requirement S8 if so specified.10.3 The percent of shea
22、r (ductility or fibrous) fracture shallbe computed. The computed value shall be recorded for allimpact specimens.10.4 The amount of lateral expansion shall be measured.The measured value shall be recorded for all impact specimens.10.5 The percent shear and the amount of lateral expansionshall be rep
23、orted for information purposes (see 16.1).11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance11.1 Bolting material shall be uniform in quality and free ofdefects that would be detrimental to the intended service. Ifmagnetic particle inspection for such defects is desired,Supplementary Requirement S6 should be s
24、pecified.11.2 Surface QualityBolting material shall be free ofseams, laps, cracks, or other defects that are not removablewithin the machining cleanup allowance specified in Table 3.12. Surface Condition12.1 Bolting material shall be cleaned and furnished in thescale-free condition.13. Number of Tes
25、ts13.1 Mechanical Tests on Quenched and Tempered BoltingMaterial:13.1.1 One test coupon shall be removed from each end ofone bar, one seamless tube, or one bored bar or from each oftwo forged hollows from each size of each heat in eachtempering charge, or each 10 000 lb 4540 kg, whichever isless. On
26、e tension test and one impact test consisting of threeCharpy V-notch specimens shall be taken from each testcoupon. For testing in accordance with 15.1.1, two tests shallbe obtained from two representative production pieces fromTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsAGradeSymbolhB21 B22 B23 B24 B24V(Cr-Mo-V)
27、(4142-H) (E-4340-H) (4340 Mod.) (4340V Mod.)Chromium-Molybdenum-VanadiumChromium-MolybdenumChromium-Nickel-MolybdenumChromium-Nickel-MolybdenumChromium-Nickel-Molybdenum-VanadiumRange, % ProductVariation,Over orUnder,B%Range, % ProductVariation,Over orUnder,B%Range, % ProductVariation,Over orUnder,B
28、%Range, % ProductVariation,Over orUnder,B%ProductVariation,Over orUnder,B%Carbon 0.360.44 0.02 0.390.46 0.02 0.370.44 0.02 0.370.44 0.02 0.370.44 0.02Manganese 0.450.70 0.03 0.651.10 0.04 0.600.95 0.04 0.700.90 0.04 0.600.95 0.04Phosphorus, max 0.025C0.005 0.025C0.005 0.025C0.005 0.025C0.005 0.025C0
29、.005Sulfur, max 0.025C0.005 0.025C0.005 0.025C0.005 0.025C0.005 0.025C0.005Silicon 0.150.35 0.02 0.150.35 0.02 0.150.35 0.02 0.150.35 0.02 0.150.35D0.02Chromium 0.801.15 0.05 0.751.20 0.05 0.650.95 0.05 0.700.95 0.05 0.600.95 0.05Nickel . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.552.00 0.05 1.652.00 0.05 1.552.00 0.
30、05Molybdenum 0.500.65 0.03 0.150.25 0.02 0.200.30 0.02 0.300.40 0.02 0.400.60 0.03Vanadium 0.250.35 0.03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.040.10 0.01AThe intentional addition of Bi, Se, Te, and Pb is not permitted.BUnless otherwise specified, separate determinations may vary from the specified
31、ranges, except that elements in any heat must not vary both above and below thespecified range.CPhosphorus and sulfur content is 0.04 % max when open-hearth steel is specified.DSilicon content is 0.35 % max if vacuum-carbon deoxidized.A540/A540M 152TABLE 2 Mechanical Property RequirementsNOTE 1The m
32、inimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less than 35 ftlbf 47 J. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 35 ftlbf 47J but not less than 30 ftlbf 41 J.NOTE 2 The minimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less than 30 ftlbf 41 J. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 30 ftlbf 41J bu
33、t not less than 25 ftlbf 34 J.NOTE 3The minimum average of 3 specimens shall not be less than 25 ftlbf 34 J. One specimen from a set of 3 may be less than 25 ftlbf 34J but not less than 20 ftlbf 27 J.NOTE 4No minimum values established. Tests shall be run for information only.Grade Class Diameter Te
34、nsileStrength,minYieldStrength,0.2 %offset,minElonga-tion,min, %Reduc-tion ofArea,min, %SurfaceBrinellHardnessCharpyV-Notch+10 F12.2 Cmin maxInch-Pound Unitsin. ksi ksi In 2 in.B21 5 to 2, incl 120 105 15 50 241 285 Note 4(Cr-Mo-V) over 2 to 6, inclover 6 to 8, incl11511510010015155050248255302311No
35、te 4Note 44 to 3, inclover 3 to 6, incl13513512012013134545269277331352Note 4Note 43 to 3, inclover 3 to 6, incl14514513013012124040293302352375Note 4Note 42 to 4, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401 Note 41 to 4, incl 165 150 10 35 321 429 Note 4B22 5 to 2, incl 120 105 15 50 248 293 Note 1(4142-H) over 2 t
36、o 4, incl 115 100 15 50 255 302 Note 44 to 1, inclover 1 to 4, incl13513512012013134545269277341363Note 1Note 43 to 2, inclover 2 to 4, incl14514513013012124040293302363375Note 4Note 42 to 3, incl 155 140 11 40 311 401 Note 41t112 , incl 165 150 10 35 321 401 Note 4B23(E-4340-H)5 to 6, inclover 6 to
37、 8, inclover 8 to 912, incl120115115105100100151515505050248255262311321321Note 1Note 1Note 44 to 3, inclover 3 to 6, inclover 6 to 912, incl135135135120120120131313454545269277285341352363Note 1Note 1Note 43 to 3, inclover 3 to 6, inclover 6 to 912, incl145145145130130130121212404040293302311363375
38、388Note 2Note 2Note 42 to 3, inclover 3 to 6, inclover 6 to 912, incl155155155140140140111111404040311311321388401415Note 4Note 4Note 41 to 3, inclover 3 to 6, inclover 6 to 8, incl165165165150150150101010353535321331341415429444Note 4Note 4Note 4B24(4340 Mod.)5 to 6, inclover 6 to 8, inclover 8 to
39、912, incl120115115105100100151515505050248255262311321321Note 1Note 1Note 14 to 3, incl 135 120 13 45 269 341 Note 1over 3 to 6, incl 135 120 13 45 277 352 Note 1over 6 to 8, incl 135 120 13 45 285 363 Note 1over 8 to 912, incl 135 120 13 45 293 363 Note 43 to 3, inclover 3 to 8, inclover 8 to 912,
40、incl145145145130130130121212404040293302311363388388Note 2Note 2Note 42 to 7, inclover 7 to 912, incl15515514014011114040311321401415Note 2Note 41 to 6, inclover 6 to 8, incl16516515015010103535321331415429Note 3Note 4B24V(4340V Mod.)3 to 4, inclover 4 to 8, incl14514513013012124040293302363375Note
41、1Note 2over 8 to 11, incl 145 130 12 40 311 388 Note 32 to 4, inclover 4 to 8, inclover 8 to 11, incl155155155140140140111111404040311311321388401415Note 2Note 3Note 41 to 4, inclover 4 to 8, inclover 8 to 11, incl165165165150150150101010353535321331331415429444Note 3Note 4Note 4A540/A540M 153each s
42、ize of each heat in each tempering charge or each 10 000lb 4540 kg, whichever is less.13.1.2 Hardness Test:TABLE 2 ContinuedGrade Class Diameter TensileStrength,minYieldStrength,0.2 %offset,minElonga-tion,min, %Reduc-tion ofArea,min, %SurfaceBrinellHardnessCharpyV-Notch+10 F12.2 Cmin maxMetric Units
43、mm MPa MPaIn 50mmB21(Cr-Mo-V)5 to 50, inclover 50 to 150, incl82579572569015155050241248285302Note 4Note 4over 150 to 205, incl 795 690 15 50 255 311 Note 44 to 75, inclover 75 to 150, incl93093082582513134545269277331352Note 4Note 43 to 75, inclover 75 to 150, incl1000100089589512124040293302352375
44、Note 4Note 42 to 100, incl 1070 965 11 40 311 401 Note 41 to 100, incl 1140 1035 10 35 321 429 Note 4B22(4142-H)5 to 50, inclover 50 to 100, incl82579572569015155050248255293302Note 1Note 44 to 25, inclover 25 to 100, incl93093082582513134545269277341363Note 1Note 43 to 50, inclover 50 to 100, incl1
45、000100089589512124040293302363375Note 4Note 421to 75, inclto 38, incl10701140965103511104035311321401401Note 4Note 4B23(E-4340-H)5 to 150, inclover 150 to 200 incl82579572569015155050248255311321Note 1Note 1over 200 to 240, incl 795 690 15 50 262 321 Note 44 to 75, inclover 75 to 150, inclover 150 t
46、o 240, incl930930930825825825131313454545269277285341352363Note 1Note 1Note 43 to 75, inclover 75 to 150, inclover 150 to 240, incl100010001000895895895121212404040293302311363375388Note 2Note 2Note 42 to 75, inclover 75 to 150, inclover 150 to 240, incl1070107010709659659651111114040403113113213884
47、01415Note 4Note 4Note 41 to 75, inclover 75 to 150, inclover 150 to 200, incl114011401140103510351035101010353535321331341415429444Note 4Note 4Note 4B24(4340 Mod.)5 to 150, inclover 150 to 200, inclover 200 to 240, incl825795795725690690151515505050248255262311321321Note 1Note 1Note 14 to 75, incl 9
48、30 825 13 45 269 341 Note 1over 75 to 150, incl 930 825 13 45 277 352 Note 1over 150 to 200, incl 930 825 13 45 285 363 Note 1over 200 to 240, incl 930 825 13 45 293 363 Note 43 to 75, inclover 75 to 200, incl1000100089589512124040293302363388Note 2Note 2over 200 to 240, incl 1000 895 12 40 311 388
49、Note 42 to 180, inclover 180 to 240, incl1070107096596511114040311321401415Note 2Note 41 to 150, inclover 150 to 200, incl114011401035103510103535321331415429Note 3Note 4B24V 3 to 100, incl 1000 895 12 40 293 363 Note 1(4340V Mod.) over 100 to 200, inclover 200 to 240, incl1000100089589512124040302311375388Note 2Note 32 to 100, inclover 100 to 200, inclover 200 to 280, incl107010701070965965965111111404040311311321388401415Note 2Note 3Note 41 to 100, inclover 100 to 200, inclover 200 to 280
