1、中国科学院考博英语模拟试卷 8及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 He is too young to be able to_between right and wrong. （ A） discard （ B） discern （ C） disperse （ D） disregard 2 It was no _ that his car was seen near the bank at the time of the robbery. （ A） coincidence （ B） convention （ C） certainty （ D） complic
2、ation 3 One of the responsibilities of the Coast Guard is to make sure that all ships_follow traffic rules in busy harbors. （ A） cautiously （ B） dutifully （ C） faithfully （ D） skillfully 4 The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of all Indians but seems to be_ the welfare of h
3、is animals. （ A） critical about （ B） indignant at （ C） indifferent to （ D） subject to 5 The chairman of the board_on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ. （ A） compelled （ B） posed （ C） pressed （ D） tempted 6 It is naive to expect that any society
4、can resolve all the social problems it is faced with_. （ A） for long （ B） in and out （ C） once for all （ D） by nature 7 Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms may result in_and lack of unity in style. （ A） conflict （ B） confrontation （ C） disturbance （ D） disharmony 8 The Ti
5、mber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list,and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once_. （ A） thrived （ B） swelled （ C） prospered （ D） flourished 9 However,growth in the fabricated metals industry was able to_some of the decline in the iron and steel industry. （ A） overturn （ B
6、） overtake （ C） offset （ D） oppress 10 Because of its intimacy,radio is usually more than just a medium; it is_. （ A） firm （ B） company （ C） corporation （ D） enterprise 11 The prices quoted above do not include any taxes and levies_upon the Personnel by the Government of the project-host country. （
7、A） imposed （ B） imported （ C） improved （ D） impressed 12 The monopoly-capitalist group_many smaller enterprises last year. （ A） integrated （ B） merged （ C） combined （ D） collected 13 The local authority_the company an interest-free loan to start up the new factory. （ A） granted （ B） allocated （ C） f
8、inanced （ D） sponsored 14 My father has been on the_in this factory for nearly 20 years. （ A） payback （ B） payoff （ C） payroll （ D） payment 15 It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are_free medical care. （ A） entitled to （ B） involved in （ C） associated with （ D） assigned to 16 Th
9、e farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more at_. （ A） danger （ B） stake （ C） loss （ D） threat 17 I felt_to death because I could make nothing of the chairmans speech. （ A） fatigued （ B） tired （ C） exhausted （ D） bored 18 When the engine would nto start,the
10、mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at_. （ A） wrong （ B） trouble （ C） fault （ D） difficulty 19 Your advice would be_valuable to him,who is at present at his wits end. （ A） exceedingly （ B） excessively （ C） extensively （ D） exclusively 20 He failed to carry out some of the provisions of
11、 the contract,and now he has to_the consequences. （ A） answer for （ B） run into （ C） abide by （ D） step into 二、 Cloze 20 It is appropriate on an anniversary of the founding of a university to remind ourselves of its purposes. It is equally appropriate at such riffle for students to【 C1】_why they hav
12、e been chosen to attend and to consider how they can best【 C2】_the privilege of attending. At the least you as students can hope to become【 C3】 _in subject matter which may be useful to you in later life. There is,【 C4】 _, much more to be gained. It is now that you must learn to exercise your mind s
13、ufficiently【 C5】 _learning becomes a joy and you thereby become a student for life.【 C6】 _this may require an effort of will and a period of self-discipline. Certainly it is not【 C7】 _without hard work. Teacher scan guide and encourage you, but learning is not done passively. To learn is your【 C8】 _
14、 There is【 C9】 _the trained mind satisfaction to be derived from exploring the ideas of others, mastering them and evaluating them. But there is【 C10】 _level of inquiry which I hope that some of you will choose. If your study takes you to the【 C11】 _of understanding of a subject and, you have reache
15、d so far, you find that you can penetrate to【 C12】 _no one has been before, you research. Commitment to a life of scholarship or research is【 C13】 _many other laudable goals. It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even【 C14】 _other facets of life prove disappointing. I strongly【 C1
16、5】 _it. 21 【 C1】 （ A） count （ B） reflect （ C） depend （ D） comment 22 【 C2】 （ A） benefit from （ B） take over （ C） apply for （ D） go through 23 【 C3】 （ A） efficient （ B） excellent （ C） professional （ D） proficient 24 【 C4】 （ A） however （ B） therefore （ C） indeed （ D） after all 25 【 C5】 （ A） if （ B） be
17、cause （ C） so that （ D） before 26 【 C6】 （ A） Of late （ B） Consequently （ C） Afterwards （ D） At first 27 【 C7】 （ A） acquired （ B） accomplished （ C） approached （ D） assured 28 【 C8】 （ A） ambition （ B） conscience （ C） responsibility （ D） challenge 29 【 C9】 （ A） to （ B） on （ C） in （ D） by 30 【 C10】 （ A）
18、 any （ B） one （ C） another （ D） no 31 【 C11】 （ A） ends （ B） limits （ C） borders （ D） edges 32 【 C12】 （ A） elsewhere （ B） what （ C） whichever （ D） where 33 【 C13】 （ A） compatible with （ B） responsible for （ C） followed by （ D） relevant to 34 【 C14】 （ A） shall （ B） will （ C） would （ D） should 35 【 C15
19、】 （ A） declare （ B） recommend （ C） advise （ D） contend 三、 Reading Comprehension 35 In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition(学会 ) of each new skill, the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting t
20、o hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of
21、the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be
22、especially strict in money matters. Others are sever over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general , the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the childs own happiness. As regards the development of moral standards in
23、 the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德 ). Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept“. If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach (说教 ), their c
24、hildren may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment. 36 Eagerly watching
25、the childs acquisition of new skills _. （ A） should be avoided （ B） is universal among parents （ C） sets up dangerous states of worry in the child （ D） will make him lose interest in learning new things 37 In the process of childrens learning new skills parents_. （ A） should encourage them to read b
26、efore they know the meaning of the words they read （ B） should not expect too much of them （ C） should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own （ D） should create as many learning opportunities as possible 38 The second paragraph mainly tells us that_. （ A） paren
27、ts should be strict with their children （ B） parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community （ C） parental restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone （ D） parents vary in their strictness towards their children accordi
28、ng to the situation 39 The word “precept“(Line 3, Para. 3) probably means “_“. （ A） idea （ B） punishment （ C） behaviour （ D） instruction 40 In moral matters, parents should_. （ A） observe the rules themselves （ B） be aware of the marked difference between adults and children （ C） forbid things which
29、 have no foundation in morality （ D） consistently ensure the security of their children 41 The attitude of the author to the strict requirement to the child is_. （ A） Objective （ B） Critical （ C） Neutral （ D） Positive 41 A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading. It is remarkable
30、first for what it contains: the range of news from local crime to international politics, from sport to business to fashion to science, and the range of comment and special features (特征 ) as well, from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books, art, theatre and music. A
31、 newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it: never completely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to there, in and out, glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next. A good modern newspaper offers a
32、 variety to attract many different readers, but far more than any one reader is interested in. What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality (时事性 ), its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. But immediacy and the speed of production that goes
33、 with it mean also that much of what appears in a newspaper has no more than transient (短暂的 ) value. For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that days paper, his own selection and sequence, his own news paper. For
34、all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and self awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading . 42 A modern newspaper is remarkable for all the following exce
35、pt its_. （ A） wide coverage （ B） uniform style （ C） speed in reporting news （ D） popularity 43 According to the passage, the reason why no two people really read the “same“ newspaper is that_. （ A） people scan for the news they are interested in （ B） different people prefer different newspapers （ C）
36、 people are rarely interested in the same kind of news （ D） people have different views about what a good newspaper is 44 It can be concluded from the passage that newspaper readers_. （ A） apply reading techniques skillfully （ B） jump from one newspaper to another （ C） appreciate the variety of a ne
37、wspaper （ D） usually read a newspaper selectively 45 A good newspaper offers “a variety“ to readers because_. （ A） it tries to serve different readers （ B） it has to cover things that happen in a certain locality （ C） readers are difficult to please （ D） readers like to read different newspapers 46
38、The best title for this passage would be “_“. （ A） The importance of Newspaper Topicality （ B） The Characteristics of a Good Newspaper （ C） The Variety of a Good Newspaper （ D） Some Suggestions on How to Read a Newspaper 47 Which sentence best depicts the meaning of this article? （ A） A reader shoul
39、d learn how to read effectively. （ B） A good modern newspaper should cover all the fields of the news. （ C） If a reader has no nice reading habits, he wont be a good reader. （ D） Reading newspaper should be always effective. 47 American society is not nap (午睡 ) friendly. In fact, says David Dinges,
40、a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. “Theres even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep“. Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: “Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven. “ W
41、rong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. “ We have to totally change our attitude toward napping“, says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research. Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt“ wh
42、ich one member said was as important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, president Clinton
43、is trying to take a half hour snooze (打瞌睡 ) every afternoon. About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have “a midafternoon quiet phase“ also called “a secondary sleep gate. “Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us re
44、freshed. Clearly, we were born to nap. We Superstars of Snooze dont nap to replace lost shut eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we “snack“ on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in
45、 libraries, offices and museums. 48 It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is_. （ A） unreasonable （ B） criminal （ C） harmful （ D） costly 49 The research done by the Dement commission shows that Americans_. （ A） dont like to take naps （ B） are terribly worried about their nat
46、ional debt （ C） sleep less than is good for them （ D） have caused many industrial and traffic accidents 50 The purpose of this article is to_. （ A） warn us of the wickedness of napping （ B） explain the danger of sleepiness （ C） discuss the side effects of napping （ D） convince the reader of the nece
47、ssity of napping 51 The “American sleep debt“(Line 1, Para. 3) is the result of_. （ A） the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep （ B） the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration （ C） the rapid development of American industry （ D） the Americans worry about the danger of sle
48、epiness 52 The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is_. （ A） preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift （ B） good practice to eat something light before we go to bed （ C） essential to make up for cost sleep （ D） natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it 53
49、The attitude of the author to the nap is_. （ A） Neutral （ B） Positive （ C） Negative （ D） Objective 53 Violin prodigies (神 童 ), I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers if the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the worlds greatest viol
