1、翻译硕士英语模拟试卷 11及答案与解析 一、 Proofreading 0 Although cosmetic surgery( and non-surgically cosmetic (1)_ procedures, such as Botox injections)sometimes procedure negative outcomes media often highlights surgery“ disasters“ (2)_ in the most part, the health risk for cosmetic procedures (3)_ is low and patie
2、nt satisfaction is high. Often, people who have been hobbled By poor body image all of their life, walk away from (4)_ cosmetic surgery in confidence and the motivation to lead (5)_ healthier lives. In addition, reconstructive surgery for burning (6)_ and accident victims or to those disfigured from
3、 disease restore (7)_ self-esteem and well-being in the way that other therapy cannot. (8)_ In my professional opinion, it is a time for members of the (9)_ medical community to examine the benefits and results of cosmetic surgery with prejudice and jealousy. (10)_ 二、 Vocabulary 11 Because noises mo
4、dulate radiofrequency, radio stations use a band of frequencies to prevent interference with other stations. （ A） govern （ B） adapt （ C） temper （ D） renovate 12 A fossil is a remnant of a once-living organism. （ A） bone （ B） solvent （ C） picture （ D） vestige 13 When squashed the stem and the leaves
5、of the jewelweed exude a juice that soothe some skin irritations. （ A） boiled （ B） aged （ C） crushed （ D） chopped 14 The legislative filibuster is a parliamentary tactic designed to delay or prevent action by the majority. （ A） tradition （ B） rule （ C） observance （ D） maneuver 15 Ocean waves can cut
6、 imposing cliffs along coastlines. （ A） immobile （ B） impermeable （ C） impressive （ D） imaginative 16 Mergers may be effective to revive or rejuvenate failing business by the infusion of new management and personnel. （ A） inspection （ B） introduction （ C） evaluation （ D） concentration 17 A fable is
7、a didactic tale focus on a single character trail. （ A） an authentic （ B） a muddied （ C） an instructive （ D） an old fashioned 18 The compact dictionaries published in recent years are not as unwieldy as some of the older editions. （ A） complete （ B） tiresome （ C） reliable （ D） cumbersome 19 Author K
8、atherine Sherwood Mcdowell had a knack for converting almost every experience into marketable prose. （ A） an aptitude for （ B） an obsession with （ C） an alternative to （ D） a purpose for 20 South Carolinas mineral resources are abundant, but not all of them can be lucratively mined. （ A） profitably
9、 B） safely （ C） easily （ D） extensively 21 Ravaged by pollution and war, many famous monuments have become eroded and stained. （ A） discolored （ B） dismembered （ C） displaced （ D） distinctive 22 Orioles are arboreal birds, and when they descend to the ground, it is mainly together nest materials （
10、A） territorial （ B） tree-dwelling （ C） consummate （ D） grumpy 23 Lousia may Alcott s novel Little Women, which recounts the experiences of the four march sisters during the American civil war, is largely autobiographical. （ A） praises （ B） narrates （ C） exaggerates （ D） classifies 24 Fertilizer appl
11、ied to soil can replace depleted nutrients. （ A） organic （ B） acidic （ C） exhausted （ D） desirable 25 Galena, the chief ore of lead, is a brittle mineral with a metallic luster. （ A） hazel （ B） dense （ C） breakable （ D） sparking 26 In Hawaii, endemic birds, such as the omao and the apapane, dwell in
12、 the volcanic highlands and tropical rain forests. （ A） alluring （ B） dense （ C） graceful （ D） native 27 Biologists have ascertained that specialized cells convert chemical energy into mechanical energy. （ A） determined （ B） argued （ C） hypothesized （ D） griped 28 Pocahomta, a seventeenth century Po
13、whatan Indian, went to the Jamestown colony as her fathers emissary. （ A） ward （ B） attendant （ C） messenger （ D） translator 29 Neon light is utilized in airport because it can permeate fog. （ A） pass through （ B） transmit （ C） suspend （ D） break up 30 Alxender Woollcotts flamboyant personality comb
14、ined sharpness of wit with sentimentality. （ A） devious （ B） humorous （ C） singular （ D） showy 三、 Diction 31 The form and physiology of leaves vary according to the _ in which they develop : for example, leaves display a wider range of adaptations to different degrees of light and moisture. （ A） rel
15、ationship （ B） sequence （ C） patterns （ D） environment 32 Since most, if not all learning occurs through _, relating one observation to another, it would be strange indeed if the study of other cultures did not also illuminate the study of our town. （ A） assumptions （ B） experiments （ C） comparisons
16、 （ D） repetitions 33 He had expected gratitude for his disclosure, but instead he encountered _ bordering on hostility. （ A） patience （ B） discretion （ C） ineptitude （ D） indifference 34 Although Simpson was ingenious at _ to appear innovative and spontaneous, beneath the ruse he remained uninspired
17、 and rigid in his approach to problem-solving. （ A） intending （ B） contriving （ C） forbearing （ D） declining 35 Because modern scientist find the ancient Greek view of the cosmos outdated and irrelevant, they now perceive it as only of _ interest. （ A） historical （ B） intrinsic （ C） experimental （ D
18、 superfluous 36 In spite of the increasing _ of their opinions, the group knew they had to arrive at a consensus so that the award could be presented. （ A） impartiality （ B） judiciousness （ C） polarity （ D） consistency 37 Ironically, the proper use of figurative language must be based on the denota
19、tive meaning of the words, because it is the failure to recognize this _ meaning that leads to mixed metaphors and their attendant incongruity. （ A） esoteric （ B） literal （ C） allusive （ D） symbolic 38 Although any destruction of vitamins caused by food irradiation could be _ the use of diet supplem
20、ents, there may be no protection from carcinogens that some fear might be introduced into foods by the process. （ A） counterbalanced by （ B） attributed to （ C） augmented with （ D） stimulated by 39 Data concerning the effects on an small population of high concentrations of a potentially hazardous ch
21、emical are frequently used to _ the effects on a large population of lower amounts of the same chemical. （ A） verify （ B） redress （ C） predict （ D） realize 40 Early critics of Emily Dickinsons poetry mistook for simplemindedness the surface of artlessness that in fact she constructed with such _. （
22、A） astonishment （ B） vexation （ C） allusion （ D） cunning 41 After a show sales start early in the year, mobile homes have been gaining favor as _ to increasingly expensive conventional housing. （ A） a reaction （ B） an addition （ C） an introduction （ D） an alternative 42 Although adolescent maturatio
23、nal and development states occur in an orderly sequence, their timing _ with regard to onset and duration. （ A） lasts （ B） varies （ C） falters （ D） accelerates 43 Psychology has slowly evolved into an _ scientific discipline that now function autonomously with the same privileges and responsibilitie
24、s as other sciences. （ A） independent （ B） unusual （ C） outmoded （ D） uncontrolled 44 Noting the murder victims flaccid musculature and pear-like figure, she deduced that the unfortunate follow had earned his living in some _ occupation. （ A） treacherous （ B） ill-paying （ C） illegitimate （ D） sedent
25、ary 45 The discovery that, fiction excluded, all bodies fall at the same rate is so simple to state and to grasp that there is a tendency to _ its significance. （ A） underrate （ B） reassess （ C） praise （ D） eliminate 46 The painting was larger than it appeared to be, for hanging in a darkened recess
26、 of the chapel, it was _ by the perspective. （ A） improved （ B） diminished （ C） embellished （ D） jeopardized 47 Because folk art is neither completely rejected nor accepted as an art form by art historians, their final evaluations of it necessarily remain _. （ A） arbitrary （ B） estimable （ C） equivo
27、cal （ D） orthodox 48 Although economists have traditionally considered the district to be solely an agricultural one, the _ of the inhabitants occupations makes such a classification obsolete. （ A） productivity （ B） diversity （ C） predictability （ D） profitability 49 Although specific concerns may d
28、etermine the intent of a research project, its results are often _. （ A） unanticipated （ B） beneficial （ C） spectacular （ D） specialized 50 The notion that a parasite can alter the behavior of a host organism is not mere fiction; indeed, the phenomenon is not even _. （ A） observable （ B） real （ C） c
29、omprehended （ D） rare 50 Notation gave western music a means of written record, but at first only for a kind of music, chant, that was believed to have originated half a millennium and more in the past to be effectively, ageless. Early medieval chants sprang from the whole time of eternal sameness,
30、rhythm. Then measure came. And with it came the first identifiable and precisely datable works. Where chant was of a piece with other musical traditions in being self-sufficient melody, working within a modal system, belonging to no creator (but to God) and designed for worship, the new music of the
31、 twentieth century opened a distinctively western path. The measuring of time was the beginning not only of rhythmic notation known, far beyond Europe, to the Indian theorist Sarngadeva in the first haft of the thirteenth century but also of music involving coordination among singers carrying differ
32、ent melodies, of polyphony. This, too, was by no means confined to the wedge of land between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic: the gamelan music of Bali, a tradition independent of Europe, is comparable with early western polyphony in its superposition of different time streams, fast and slow, whi
33、le the music of many sub- Saharan African peoples often piles up dissimilar rhythmic layers in ways foreign to Europe outside certain special repertories(fourteenth-century song and some music since 1950). But, from the twelfth century to the fifteenth, polyphony in the west gradually moved away fro
34、m the repetitive structures that were retained on Bali or in central Africa as Europeans discovered how harmony could result in continuous flow. The source, as of so much in western culture, was a misunderstanding of classical Greek knowledge, again acquired through Boethius. He had nothing to say a
35、bout harmony in the sense of chords, but he conveyed a Geek satisfaction in the primacy of the octave and the fifth, which medieval musicians took as models of consonance (the euphonious combining notes). Just as essential were dissonant combinations, lacking euphony, for these would intensity the n
36、eed of for consonance. A dissonance placed immediately before a final consonance would produce a firmly conclusive ending a cadence, such as became an essential of western music. Extending back from the cadence, the forces of harmony, marshaled through relationships between each chord and the next,
37、could amplify the last note. Thus time measured became time decisively having a goal, and music could emulate the progress in every human soul towards eternity. Music mirrored, too, how time generally was being told. Guidos staff notation came roughly when water clocks were reintroduced from Byzanti
38、um and Islam, enabling monks to know when a service was due from the level reached by water slowly filling a vessel. Thus reading, whether of a chant book or a water gauge, substituted for memory and intuition. Exact synchrony between music and time was lost a little when clockwork mechanisms appear
39、ed in the mid thirteenth century, half a century later than the gear-driven music produced at Notre Dame in Paris. However, the perfection of hour-chiming with hour-chiming capabilities, in the astronomical clock made by Richard Wallingford for St. Albans Abbey (1327-1336), strikingly coincided with
40、 the perfection of rhythmic notation that spread from Paris and gave music its own machinery of time lengths. Choose the most appropriate from the four choices to answer the question or complete the sentence. 51 Which of the following is the most appropriate title for this passage? （ A） The developm
41、ent of rhythm （ B） Time measured （ C） Notation and time （ D） Music and civilization 52 It can be inferred from the passage that before notation appeared _. （ A） music was always renewed and could last only as long as memory （ B） music presented people with three times at once : the now in which they
42、 heard it, the then in which it was made, and the further then of when the piece was composed （ C） polyphony had already been developed to such a degree that different melodies carried by different singers could form a coordinated harmony （ D） music mostly was not improvised and was not dated with p
43、recision 53 The author would most likely consider Western music and the music of non- Western cultures as _. （ A） respectively revolutionary and conservative （ B） equal but distinct （ C） both homogeneous and heterogeneous （ D） illustrative of advancement and backwardness 54 The passage states that _
44、 （ A） music and civilization complement each other and contradict each other （ B） rhythmic notation appeared because human beings could tell time in a new way （ C） notation appeared when musical works were no longer anonymous and non- datable （ D） the appearance of rhythmic notation manifests a new
45、 stage of human beings quantitative method of thought 55 Write a summary.Summarize the passage in 4 or 5 sentences. 四、 Reading Comprehension 55 French toys: one could not find a better illustration of the fact that the adult Frenchman sees the child as another self. All the toys one commonly sees es
46、sentially a microcosm of the adult world: they are all reduced copies of human objects, as if in the eyes of the public the child was, all told, nothing but a smaller man, a homunculus to whom must be supplied objects of his own size. Invented forms are very rare: a few sets of blocks, which appeal
47、to the spirit do-it- yourself, are the only ones which offer dynamic forms, as for the others. French toys always mean something, and this something is always entirely socialized, constituted by the myths or the techniques of modern adult life: the army, broadcasting, the post office, medicine (mini
48、ature instrument-cases, operating theaters for dolls), school, hair styling ( driers for permanent-waving ), the air force ( parachutists ), transport (trains, Citroens, Vedettes, Vespas, petrol stations), science(Martian toys). The fact that French toys literally prefigure the world of adult functi
49、ons obviously cannot but prepare the child to accept them all, by constituting for him, even before he can think about it, the alibi of a Nature which has at all times created soldiers, postmen, and Vespas. Toys here reveal the list of all the things the adults does not find unusual: war, bureaucracy, ugliness, Martians, etc.
