1、Designation: F2704 10Standard Specification forAir-Fed Protective Ensembles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthes
2、es indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes design, performance, clas-sification, documentation, labeling, and certification require-ments for protective ensembles tha
3、t deliver air to the wearer bymeans of an air line or powered air purifying respirator(PAPR).1.2 As a prerequisite to this specification, regulations withinTitle 42 Federal Code of Regulations, Part 84 are used toestablish the conformance of the air-fed protective ensemble torespiratory protection r
4、equirements.1.3 This specification addresses protective ensembles usedfor environments involving chemical, biological, and radio-logical particulate hazards.1.4 This specification sets specific criteria for air-fed pro-tective ensembles used to prevent exposure substances such asbut not limited to c
5、hemical hazards, infectious microorganismsrequiring Biosafety Level 4 protection, and environmentswhere it is possible radiological particulates will be found.1.5 This specification can be used for classification of theprotective ensemble.1.6 The values stated in SI units or in other units shall ber
6、egarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem must be used independently of the other, withoutcombining values in any way.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard t
7、o establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D751 Test Methods for Coated FabricsD1630 Test Method for Rubber PropertyAbrasion Resis-tance (Footwear Abrader)D1776 Practice for C
8、onditioning and Testing TextilesD2582 Test Method for Puncture-Propagation Tear Resis-tance of Plastic Film and Thin SheetingD3787 Test Method for Bursting Strength of TextilesConstant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst TestD3884 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics (Rotary Platform,
9、 Double-Head Method)D4157 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)D5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongationof Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)D5151 Test Method for Detection of Holes in MedicalGlovesD5587 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics
10、byTrapezoid ProcedureF392 Test Method for Flex Durability of Flexible BarrierMaterialsF489 Test Method for Using a James Machine3F739 Test Method for Permeation of Liquids and Gasesthrough Protective Clothing Materials under Conditions ofContinuous ContactF903 Test Method for Resistance of Materials
11、 Used inProtective Clothing to Penetration by LiquidsF1052 Test Method for Pressure Testing Vapor ProtectiveSuitsF1154 Practices for Qualitatively Evaluating the Comfort,Fit, Function, and Durability of Protective Ensembles andEnsemble ComponentsF1342 Test Method for Protective Clothing Material Res
12、is-tance to PunctureF1359 Test Method for Liquid Penetration Resistance ofProtective Clothing or Protective Ensembles Under aShower Spray While on a MannequinF1494 Terminology Relating to Protective ClothingF1671 Test Method for Resistance of Materials Used inProtective Clothing to Penetration by Bl
13、ood-Borne Patho-gens Using Phi-X174 Bacteriophage Penetration as a TestSystemF1790 Test Method for Measuring Cut Resistance of Mate-rials Used in Protective ClothingF2010 Test Method for Evaluation of Glove Effects onWearer Hand Dexterity Using a Modified Pegboard Test1This specification is under th
14、e jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 onPersonal Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F23.30 on Chemicals.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2010. Published September 2010.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM C
15、ustomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive
16、, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.F2061 Practice for Chemical Protective Clothing: Wearing,Care, and Maintenance InstructionsF2413 Specification for Performance Requirements forFoot Protection2.2 Federal Standards:421 CFR Part 7, Subpart C Recall Procedures42 CFR Part 84
17、 Approval of Respiratory Protective Devices2.3 ISO Standards:5ISO Guide 27:1983 Guidelines for corrective action to betaken by a certification body in the event of misuse of itsmark of conformityISO Guide 62:1996 General requirements for bodies oper-ating assessment and certification/registration of
18、 qualitysystemsISO Guide 65:1996 General requirements for bodies oper-ating product certification systemsISO 9001:2000 Quality management systems require-ments.ISO 17011:2004 General requirements for accreditationbodies accrediting conformity assessment bodiesISO 17025:2005 General requirements for
19、the competenceof testing and calibration laboratories.ISO 17491:2001 Protective Clothing Protection AgainstGaseous and Liquid Chemicals Determination of Resis-tance of Protective Clothing by Liquids and Gases2.4 NFPA Standard:6NFPA 1991:2005 Standard on Vapor-Protective Ensemblesfor Hazardous Materi
20、als Emergencies3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 airborne pathogen, nan infectious bacterium orvirus, or other disease inducing microbe that is suspended inair.3.1.2 air-fed protective ensemble, na protective ensemblewith respiratory protective equipment that provides a source ofair directly into
21、the ensemble without the use of a tight-fittingfacepiece worn by the individual inside the ensemble.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe respiratory protective equipmentis either an airline that is connected to the suit wall of theensemble that can include a distribution means inside theensemble or a powered air-p
22、urifying respirator that is con-nected to the suit wall and that can also have a means fordistributing air inside the ensemble.3.1.3 approved, vacceptable to the authority having juris-diction.3.1.4 authority having jurisdiction, nan organization, of-fice, or individual responsible for enforcing the
23、 requirements ofa code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, aninstallation, or a procedure.3.1.5 barrier material, nThe layer of protection a clothingitem that is designated as providing permeation or penetrationresistance against chemicals or other hazardous substances.3.1.5.1 Discus
24、sionIn this specification, the barrier mate-rial refers to the layer of the protective ensemble element thatis designed to act as a barrier to a hazardous substance that theensemble is intended to protect against.3.1.6 blood-borne pathogen, nan infectious bacterium orvirus, or other disease inducing
25、 microbe carried in the blood orother potentially infectious body fluids (also liquid-bornepathogen).3.1.7 labeled, nequipment or materials to which has beenattached a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of anorganization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdic-tion and concerned wi
26、th product evaluation, that maintainsperiodic inspection of production of labeled equipment ormaterials, and by whose labeling the manufacturer indicatescompliance with appropriate standards or performance in aspecified manner.3.1.8 listed, nequipment, materials, or services includedin a list publis
27、hed by an organization that is acceptable to theauthority having jurisdiction and concerned with evaluation ofproducts or services, that maintains periodic inspection ofproduction of listed equipment or materials or periodic evalu-ation of services, and whose listing states that either theequipment,
28、 material, or service meets appropriate designatedstandards or has been tested and found suitable for a specifiedpurpose.3.1.9 manufacturer, nthe entity that directs and controlsany of the following: compliant product design, compliantproduct manufacturing, or compliant product quality assur-ance; o
29、r the entity that assumes the liability for the compliantproduct or provides the warranty for the compliant product.3.1.10 protective ensemble, nthe combination of protec-tive clothing with respiratory protective equipment, hoods,helmets, gloves, boots, communication systems, cooling de-vices, and o
30、ther accessories intended to protect the wearer froma potential hazard when worn together.3.2 For definitions of other protective clothing-related termsused in this test method, refer to Terminology F1494.4. Significance and Use4.1 As with other hazardous materials protective ensembles,air-fed prote
31、ctive ensembles include clothing and equipmentitems needed for dermal and respiratory protection, includingprotective suits, gloves, footwear, and eye/face protection.Unlike other protective ensembles, air-fed protective en-sembles do not use separate respiratory protective devices suchas self-conta
32、ined breathing apparatus (SCBA) or non-poweredair-purifying respirators (APRs).4.1.1 Those types of respirators normally have a tight fittingface piece that provides inhalation hazard protection anddermal exposure protection to the face, eyes, nose, and mouth.4.1.2 Air-fed protective ensembles are w
33、orn without the useof a separate respirator. The entire suit serves as the respiratoryprotective device and also provides dermal exposure protec-tion. The wearer breathes supplied air or filtered air pumpedinto the protective suit.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Doc
34、uments,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.5Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.6Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark
35、, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.F2704 1024.2 Air-fed protective ensembles are used to protect workersin a number of applications.4.2.1 These include, but are not limited to: chemical andpharmaceutical manufacturing, remediation of hazardous ma-terials sites, use against highly infectious
36、 biological agents inBioSafety Level 4 laboratories, and for protection of workersinvolved in nuclear facilities, where it is possible radioactiveparticles will be encountered.4.3 The requirements of this specification have been partlybased on the NFPA 1991 Standard, which establishes criteriafor va
37、por-protective ensembles used in hazardous materialsemergencies. NFPA 1991 establishes requirements for a pro-tective ensemble that encapsulates the wearer and the breathingapparatus.4.3.1 In this specification, a breathing apparatus is not worninside the suit, but instead breathing air is connected
38、 to the suiteither via an external airline or respiratory protective equip-ment that is externally connected to the suit wall. Extensivecriteria for the integrity of the overall ensemble are appliedthrough design and performance criteria. This allows fordifferent configurations of a protective ensem
39、ble that incorpo-rates a hooded visor, protective gloves, protective footwear,and the respiratory protective equipment.4.4 The qualification of the respiratory protective equipmentis addressed by the applicable requirements for respiratorsestablished in 42 CFR Part 84. As such, the entire air-fedens
40、emble is subject to certification by NIOSH in addition tomeeting the requirements in this specification.4.5 This specification establishes classifications for the pro-tective ensemble. The classifications include one that is deter-mined by the configuration of the protective ensemble and onethat con
41、cerns the use of the protective ensemble.4.5.1 A protective ensemble can be classified as a “AirlineProtective Ensemble” or a “PAPR-Based Air-Fed ProtectiveEnsemble”. Under each of these classifications, protectiveensembles can be further classified as “Limited Use” and“Multiple-Use”.4.5.2 These cla
42、ssifications account for differences in theconfiguration of the air supply and material strength anddurability. These classifications do not account for the decon-tamination effectiveness of multiple use ensembles.4.6 In recognition of the potential diverse applications towhich the protective ensemb
43、le can be used, documentationrequirements are provided for manufacturers to base claims forpermeation resistance of ensemble materials against specificchemicals or for claims of ensemble material performanceagainst bloodborne (or liquidborne) pathogens. Similar re-quirements are established for the
44、respiratory protective equip-ment, when this equipment is based on the use of filters,cartridges, or canisters.4.7 An extensive section is provided in the specificationaddressing the certification of air-fed protective ensembles.This certification section is based on provisions established inNFPA 19
45、91 and other National Fire Protection Associationproduct standards for emergency services protective clothingand equipment.5. Classification5.1 Protective ensembles shall be classified as either an“Airline Protective Ensemble” or a “PAPR-Based Air-FedProtective Ensemble” depending on the type of res
46、piratoryprotective equipment that is provided with the ensemble.5.2 Protective ensembles shall additionally be classified aslimited use or multiple-use.5.2.1 Limited use protective clothing items shall be subjectto the labeling requirement in 12.6.1. Multiple-use garmentsshall be subject to addition
47、al conditions as part of testing asspecified in Sections 10 and 11, labeling requirements asspecified in 12.6.2, and technical information requirements asspecific in 14.1.6 and 14.1.7. In order to qualify as a multiple-use ensemble, all elements of the ensemble shall meet everyapplicable multiple-us
48、e requirement.5.3 All protective ensembles classified to this specificationshall meet the applicable design requirements specified inSection 6, performance requirements specified in Section 7,documentation requirements as specified in Section 8, appli-cable labeling requirements specified in Section
49、 12, userinformation requirements specified in Section 13, and technicalinformation requirements in Section 14.6. Design Requirements6.1 Protective Ensembles and Suits6.1.1 Ensemble Coverage6.1.1.1 Air-fed protective ensembles shall be designed andconfigured to protect the wearers torso, head, arms, legs,hands, and feet, and shall completely enclose the wearer.6.1.2 Ensemble Components6.1.2.1 Air-fed protective ensembles shall consist of a suitwith hood, gloves, footwear, and respiratory protective equip-ment.6.1.2.2 The suit hood shall be provided with a viso
