1、Designation: F3165 16Standard Specification forThroat Protective Equipment for Hockey Goaltenders1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3165; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers performance requirements andtest methods for throat protectors marketed, sold, and intendedfor ice hockey
3、goalkeepers.1.2 The intent of this specification is to reduce the risk ofinjury to the throat without compromising the form or appeal ofthe game. To do so, the protector shall be used:1.2.1 As intended within the rules of the game and1.2.2 In accordance with the manufacturers instructions.1.3 Ice ho
4、ckey is a sport with intrinsic hazards associatedwith the normal conduct of the game. Participation in icehockey implies the acceptance of some risk of injury. Use of athroat protector certified to this specification will not preventall injuries.1.4 This specification has been prepared after careful
5、 con-sideration of the frequency and mechanisms associated withthroat injuries that can potentially occur within the rules of thegame of ice hockey.1.5 Requirements and the corresponding test methods,where appropriate, are given for the following:1.5.1 Construction,1.5.2 Puck impact resistance,1.5.3
6、 Coverage,1.5.4 Marking and information.1.6 Throat protection is intended for use by goalkeepers.1.7 Use of the singular does not exclude the plural (and viceversa) when the sense allows.1.8 Although the intended primary application of this speci-fication is stated in this scope, note that it remain
7、s theresponsibility of the users of this specification to judge itssuitability for their particular purpose.1.9 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety conc
8、erns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDu
9、rometer Hard-ness2.2 CSA Standards:3CSA Z262.6 Specifications for facially featured headforms3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 chip, nreadily visible particle missing from theprotector with an area bigger than 9mm2.3.1.2 combination, ncombined unit of a throat protectorplaced or attached on a hock
10、ey goaltender mask with which itis designed to be used.3.1.3 helmet positioning index, HPI, nvertical distancemeasured at the median plane, from the front edge of the goaliemask shell to the basic plane, when the goalie mask is placedon the reference headform.3.1.4 impact sites for testing throat pr
11、otectors, n3.1.4.1 direct impact, npoint in the intersection betweenthe horizontal plane and the median plane in the direction ofthe center of the throat protector mid-point between top edgeand bottom edge of the throat protector.3.1.4.2 25 impact, npoint in the horizontal plane, 25 tothe median pla
12、ne, and in the direction of the axis formed by theintersection of the median plane and the frontal plane (see Fig.1), aimed in the direction of the throat protector mid-pointbetween top edge and bottom edge of the throat protector.3.1.5 permanent, ninformation that remains legible andcannot be remov
13、ed in its entirety under conditions of normaluse.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.15 on Ice Hockey.Current edition approved March 15, 2016. Published March 2016
14、. DOI:10.1520/F3165-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Canadian Standards Ass
15、ociation (CSA), 178 Rexdale Blvd.,Toronto, ON M9W 1R3, Canada, http:/www.csagroup.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.6 planes, n3.1.6.1 basic plane of a headform, nplane relative to theheadform that corresponds to
16、 the basic plane of the humanhead.3.1.6.2 basic plane of the human head, nplane that islocated at the level of the external upper borders of the earcanal (external auditory meatus) and the inferior margins of theorbits of the eyes.3.1.6.3 frontal plane, nvertical plane that is perpendicularto the me
17、dian and reference planes and passes through the topof the headform (see Fig. 2).3.1.6.4 horizontal plane, nany plane that passes across thehead at right angles to both the frontal and median plane (seeFig. 2).3.1.6.5 median plane, nvertical plane that passes throughthe headform from front to back a
18、nd divides the headform intoright and left halves (see Fig. 2).3.1.6.6 reference plane, nconstruction plane parallel to thebasic plane of the headform at a distance from it which is afunction of the size of the headform.3.1.7 protector, ncomprises a throat protector either spe-cially adapted to the
19、goaltender mask or forming a continuousunit designed to protect the whole or parts of the wearersthroat against injury.3.1.8 vertex, npoint of intersection on the headform of themedian plane with the frontal plane (see Fig. 2).4. Requirements4.1 Materials:4.1.1 DocumentationThe manufacturer shall pr
20、ovide writ-ten documentation indicating that the materials used in theconstruction of the throat protector fulfill the requirements of4.1.2 4.1.6.4.1.2 CleanersAll materials used shall be known not to beadversely affected by ordinary household soap and cleaners asrecommended by the manufacturer.4.1.
21、3 FinishesPaints, glues, and finishes used in manufac-turing shall be compatible with the materials used in theconstruction of the throat protector.4.1.4 Non-irritantsMaterial coming in contact with thewearer shall not be of any type known to cause skin irritationor disease or undergo significant lo
22、ss of strength, flexibility, orother physical changes as a result of contact with perspiration,oil, or grease.4.1.5 AdhesivesAdhesive material used to attach paddingor straps to the throat protector or visor shall be of aformulation that will not alter the chemical or physical prop-erties of the mat
23、erials to an extent so as to reduce theirprotective qualities.4.1.6 Polymeric ChangesAll materials used in the con-struction of the throat protector shall be resistant to irreversiblepolymeric changes when exposed to temperatures up to 70Cor ultraviolet radiation.4.2 FinishAll parts shall be well fi
24、nished and free of sharpedges and other irregularities that would present a potentialhazard to the user or other players.4.3 Attachment SystemThe attachment system of a throatprotector to a goaltenders mask shall be so designed so that theFIG. 1 Puck Impact SitesF3165 162throat protector can be easi
25、ly attached to the mask withoutrequiring any machining operation by the user.4.4 Coverage and Openings:4.4.1 The extent of the coverage shall be so as to minimizeexposure to potential injuries at impact but also as to notinterfere with other part of protective equipment, such asheadgear and body pad
26、ding.4.4.2 If apertures are part of the design, no aperture shallhave any dimension exceeding 38 mm. The aperture shall becompletely surrounded by the protector. The distance from anyedge of an aperture to any edge of the protector shall not be lessthan 20 mm.4.5 Puck Impact ResistanceThere shall be
27、 no breakage ofthe structural components of the throat protector or failure ofthe point of attachments to the goaltender mask. Cracking ofsurface coatings is permissible but chips (see 3.1.1) are notpermitted.4.6 Design:4.6.1 OverlapThroat protectors shall overlap the loweredge of the goaltender mas
28、k by at least 6 mm as viewedperpendicular to the median plane as shown in Fig. 3.5. Test Methods5.1 Sampling:5.1.1 TypesOnly new, throat protectors as offered for saleshall be tested. The protector shall be inspected visually and byhand before conditioning.5.1.2 DocumentationVerify that the manufact
29、urer shallprovide written documentation indicating that the materialsused in the construction of the throat protector fulfill thegeneral requirements in 4.1.2 4.1.6.5.1.3 Throat ProtectorsThroat protectors shall be as-sembled and mounted on the appropriate goaltender mask inaccordance with the instr
30、uctions of the manufacturer (see Fig.3).5.2 Conditioning:5.2.1 Low-Temperature ConditioningThe sample shall beexposed to a temperature of (25 6 2)Cfor not less than 4 h,but not more than 24 h. Testing shall be between 90 and 180 sof removal from the refrigeration chamber. Protectors may bereturned t
31、o the conditioning environment to meet this require-ment. Before the resumption of testing, the protector shallremain in the conditioning environment for a minimum of 15min for each 5-min period they are out of the conditioningenvironment.5.3 Positioning:5.3.1 Determination of Head-Positioning Index
32、 (HPI)TheHPI and corresponding headform size shall be specified by theFIG. 2 Orientation PlanesF3165 163FIG. 3 Throat Protector Installation and OverlapF3165 164goaltender mask manufacturer. If the HPI and correspondingheadform size is not available from the manufacturer, thethroat/mask protector co
33、mbination shall not be tested.5.3.2 Positioning of Goaltender Mask with ThroatProtectorAdjust and position the goaltender mask on thelargest headform for the size range using the HPI. Adjust thethroat protector on the mask with the overlap as specified in4.6.1.5.4 Determination of Puck Impact Resist
34、ance:5.4.1 Equipment:5.4.1.1 Puck AcceleratorA device (puck accelerator, seeFig. 4), which can give a hockey puck a specific velocity,direction, and with minimal rotation, shall be used. Thevelocity shall be variable between 10 and 36 m.s-1 with anaccuracy of 61.0 m.s-1.5.4.1.2 Maximum DistanceThe p
35、uck shall be directedtoward the impact site with as little rotation as possible. Thedistance between the impact site on the sample and the end ofthe guiding device shall not exceed 600 mm.5.4.1.3 Facially Featured HeadformFacially featuredheadforms shall be in accordance with CSA Z262.6. Thelargest
36、facially featured headform that the protector beingtested fits on shall be used.5.4.1.4 PuckThe hockey puck shall be in accordance withAnnex A1.5.4.1.5 Velocity MeasurementThe velocity shall be mea-sured no more than 600 mm from the site of impact. Theequipment for measuring and recording the veloci
37、ty of thepuck shall be capable of measuring the velocity with atolerance of 61%.5.4.1.6 Neck Foam Supportthe foam used to cover themetal neck portion shall be a VN600 16 mm foam.5.4.2 Samples:5.4.2.1 QuantityThe number of samples for testing andassessment of throat protectors of a given make and mod
38、el isprovided in Table 1. The sample numbers corresponding tothose given in Table 1 shall be of the same size and model. Itis required to use the same number of goaltender masks of themodel for which the throat protector is intended. The samplesshall be numbered 1 and 2.5.4.2.2 Throat Protector/Goal
39、tender Mask CombinationIfthe throat protector is intended to fit several models ofgoaltender masks, one such combination shall be tested com-pletely. The other combinations need only undergo the test(s)specified in 4.4 and 4.6.5.4.3 Procedures:5.4.3.1 GeneralThe testing shall be carried out in accor
40、-dance with Table 1.NOTE 1The impact sites are shown in Fig. 1 and defined in 3.1.4.NOTE 2Fig. 4 shows the schematic of the apparatus.5.4.3.2 AssemblyAssemble the throat protector and mounton the appropriate goaltender mask in accordance with theinstructions of the manufacturer (see Fig. 3).5.4.3.3
41、Headform PositioningPlace the facially featuredheadform in front of the puck accelerator so that the centerlineof the path of the puck coincides with the center of the point tobe impacted.5.4.3.4 Toughness DataThe puck is shot with the velocitystated in Table 1.After each impact, inspect the throat
42、protectorfor damage (deformation, cracking, breakage, separation fromthe goaltender mask). There shall be one impact per site perprotector.6. Report6.1 The test report shall include at least the followinginformation:FIG. 4 Schematic of Apparatus for Testing Puck Impact Resistance of Throat Protector
43、F3165 1656.1.1 Number of this specification,6.1.2 Name or trademark of the manufacturer or the bodytaking responsibility for manufacture,6.1.3 Identification details of the throat protector testedincluding range of size,6.1.4 Description of the throat protector,6.1.5 Results of tests in accordance w
44、ith Section 5,6.1.6 Documentation requirements in Sections 4 and 5,6.1.7 Date of testing, and6.1.8 Name of testing laboratory.7. Product Marking7.1 Each throat protector shall be permanently and legiblymarked with the following information:7.1.1 Number of this specification;7.1.2 Product type (for e
45、xample, B1, B2, and so forth), if notype, nothing is required;7.1.3 Name or trademark of the manufacturer or the bodytaking responsibility for the manufacture;7.1.4 Designation of the model;7.1.5 Date code, as a minimum, week and year of manufac-ture;7.1.6 Size or size range of the throat protector;
46、 and8. Information for Users8.1 The following information shall accompany each throatprotector:8.1.1 Instructions for the purchaser, including informationfor proper fit, comfort, and use;8.1.2 Cleaning and caring instructions including a warningthat cleaning agents, paints, decals, or anti-fog mater
47、ial shallnot be applied unless authorized by the manufacturer;8.1.3 The throat protector shall be replaced if it has beenexposed to violent impact or another stress that may havereduced its protective function;8.1.4 Consumers should use care to select a goaltender maskand throat protector combinatio
48、n that fits properly and iscomfortable for use during play;8.1.5 Instructions concerning the assembly of the throatprotector on the goaltender mask;8.1.6 The goaltender masks with which the throat protectorit is intended to be used.9. Keywords9.1 goaltender; ice hockey; puck impact; throat protector
49、;toughnessANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. PUCK SPECIFICATIONSA1.1 ScopeA1.1.1 This technical specification provides requirementsfor pucks intended for use in the testing of protectors with thescope of this specification.A1.1.2 This specification establishes requirements for thematerial and physical requirements of the puck.A1.2 General RequirementsA1.2.1 MaterialThe puck shall be as offered for sale as a“hockey puck” and shall consist of a hard rubber compoundbased on natural rubber, synthetic polyisoprene, styrene but
