1、PD CEN/TR 16949:2016Road restraint system Pedestrian restraint system Pedestrian parapetsBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06PD CEN/TR 16949:2016 PUBLISHED DOCUMENTNational forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TR 16949:2016. It
2、supersedes PD CEN/TR 1317-6:2012 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/509/1, Road restraint systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to includ
3、e all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 91967 1ICS 13.200; 93.080.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This
4、 Published Document was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2016.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dPD CEN/TR 16949:2016TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 16949 June 2016 ICS 13.200; 93.080.30 S
5、upersedes CEN/TR 1317-6:2012English Version Road restraint system - Pedestrian restraint system - Pedestrian parapets Dispositifs de retenue routiers - Dispositifs de retenue pour pitons - Garde-corps Rckhaltesysteme an Straen - Fugngerrckhaltesysteme - Brckengelnder This Technical Report was approv
6、ed by CEN on 2 March 2016. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 226. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ice
7、land, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Manag
8、ement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 16949:2016 EPD CEN/TR 16949:2016CEN/TR 16949:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 5 Introduction 6 1 Scope 7 2 Normati
9、ve references 7 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 7 4 Requirements 11 5 Performance verification methods 22 6 Manufacturing assembly and tolerances . 24 7 Characteristic aspects of pedestrian parapets 25 8 Labelling and marking . 25 Annex A (informative) Partial factors (), action co
10、mbinations and combination factors () 28 A.1 Introduction . 28 A.2 Partial factors for actions 28 A.3 Combinations of actions for ULS . 28 A.3.1 General . 28 A.3.2 Permanent action, traffic and wind . 29 A.3.2.1 General approach . 29 A.3.2.1.1 Self weight, horizontally distributed traffic load and w
11、ind 29 A.3.2.1.2 Self weight, concentrated horizontal traffic load and wind action 29 A.3.2.1.3 Self weight, vertically distributed traffic load and wind action 29 A.3.2.1.4 Self weight, concentrated vertical traffic load and wind action 29 A.3.2.2 Simplified envelope approach . 29 A.3.3 Permanent a
12、ction and snow . 30 A.3.4 Loads on infill 30 A.3.5 Accidental situation, permanent actions, horizontal traffic, loads and accidental action 30 A.4 Combinations of actions for SLS 30 A.4.1 General . 30 A.4.2 Traffic and wind 31 A.4.3 Traffic and wind frequent combination . 31 Annex B (informative) Dy
13、namic impact tests . 32 B.1 Introduction . 32 B.2 Scope . 32 PD CEN/TR 16949:2016CEN/TR 16949:2016 (E) 3 B.3 Normative references . 32 B.4 Terms and definitions . 32 B.5 Test methods 32 B.5.1 Principles . 32 B.5.2 Apparatus and materials . 32 B.5.2.1 Soft body 32 B.5.2.2 Hard body 33 B.5.2.3 Small h
14、ard body. 33 B.5.3 Preparation of test specimens . 34 B.5.3.1 Dimensions . 34 B.5.3.2 Control of samples 34 B.5.3.3 Installation of samples on the test frame . 34 B.5.3.3.1 General points . 34 B.5.3.3.2 For soft body test 34 B.5.3.3.3 Hard body test rig . 36 B.5.4 Test procedures 37 B.5.4.1 Testing
15、conditions 37 B.5.4.2 Test procedures for soft body 37 B.5.4.3 Test procedures for hard body 37 B.6 Expression of results . 37 B.7 Test report 37 Annex C (informative) Static tests . 38 C.1 Introduction 38 C.2 Technical description for testing 38 C.3 Test specimens 38 C.4 Position of the test specim
16、en 38 C.5 Loading . 38 C.5.1 General . 38 C.5.2 Determination of the test loads FT38 C.6 Static test at serviceability level 39 C.6.1 Test procedure 39 C.6.2 Acceptance criteria 39 C.7 Static test at ultimate state level . 39 C.7.1 Test procedure 39 C.7.2 Acceptance criteria 40 C.8 Test requirements
17、 40 PD CEN/TR 16949:2016CEN/TR 16949:2016 (E) 4 C.8.1 Number of tests . 40 C.8.2 Load application . 40 C.8.3 Test rig frame 40 C.8.4 Test records . 40 C.8.5 Interpretation of test results . 41 C.8.6 Test report 41 Annex D (informative) Test report . 42 Annex E (informative) Diagrams of constituent p
18、arts of a pedestrian parapet . 43 Annex F (informative) Testing under the factory production control . 45 Annex G (informative) Method for ensuring a smooth finish . 46 G.1 Introduction . 46 G.2 Equipment details 46 G.3 Test procedure 46 Bibliography . 49 PD CEN/TR 16949:2016CEN/TR 16949:2016 (E) 5
19、European foreword This document (CEN/TR 16949:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 226 “Road equipement”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be
20、 held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CEN/TR 1317-6:2012. CEN/TR 16949:2016 includes editorial changes with respect to CEN/TR 1317-6:2012 for correcting mistakes which could lead to an incorrect or unsafe application of the document. PD CEN/TR 1694
21、9:2016CEN/TR 16949:2016 (E) 6 Introduction The safety considerations of pedestrians using road bridges, footbridges and similar elevated structures require the installation of special road restraint systems, so called pedestrian restraint systems or pedestrian parapets. Pedestrian parapets are used
22、to prevent people from falling off a bridge or other type of elevated structure. Aspects included in the Technical Report are: a) safety in use for pedestrians and other highway users (excluding motor vehicles); b) the safety considerations of pedestrians using road bridges and footbridges and simil
23、ar structures; c) analysis and test methods; d) durability; e) labelling and marking. PD CEN/TR 16949:2016CEN/TR 16949:2016 (E) 7 1 Scope This Technical Report specifies geometrical and technical requirements for the design and manufacture for pedestrian parapets on road bridges, on footbridges, on
24、top of retaining walls and on similar elevated structures. This Technical Report also specifies test methods and provision for the labelling and marking of these products. This Technical Report does not cover: vehicle restraint systems; pedestrian restraint systems in residential, commercial or indu
25、strial buildings and within their perimeter; non-rigid rails i.e. rope, cables. This Technical Report may be used for pedestrian parapets on structures which cross over railways, rivers and canals. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in thi
26、s document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1317-1:2010, Road restraint systems - Part 1: Terminology and general criteria for
27、test methods EN 1990:2002, Eurocode - Basis of structural design EN 10204, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents EN 12767, Passive safety of support structures for road equipment - Requirements, classification and test methods 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and
28、 definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1317-1:2010 and the following apply. PD CEN/TR 16949:2016CEN/TR 16949:2016 (E) 8 NOTE 1 See Figure 1: Key Ho Pedestrian parapet height (m) above the walking surface (ground level) Hp (Manufactured) pedestrian parap
29、et height (m) above the plinth (fixing level) 1 pedestrian walking surface 2 plinth (concrete, steel, or other material) 3 manufactured pedestrian parapet covered by this Technical Report (manufactured product in steel, aluminium, wood, or other material which is capable of meeting the requirements
30、of this Technical Report) Figure 1 Pedestrian parapet NOTE 2 See informative Annex E for examples of parapets, Figure E.1 and E.2. 3.1.1 base-plate plate attached to the base of a pedestrian parapet post, which is used to fix the pedestrian parapet to the structure 3.1.2 design working life period o
31、f time in which the product or component is required to maintain the declared performance characteristics and will not require repair or withdrawal from service under normal maintenance and intended use conditions 3.1.3 handrail rigid rail attached to or part of a pedestrian parapet to assist and gu
32、ide pedestrians Note 1 to entry: The top rail may also function as the handrail. PD CEN/TR 16949:2016CEN/TR 16949:2016 (E) 9 3.1.4 infilling material that is fixed to posts and/or rails of a pedestrian parapet in order to reduce the size of openings (voids) 3.1.5 kicking plate continuous upstand whi
33、ch can be attached to the bottom of the pedestrian parapet 3.1.6 overall working height HOtotal working height (regulatory height) of the pedestrian parapet above the pedestrian walking surface Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1. 3.1.7 panel section of a pedestrian parapet bounded by two posts Note 1 to
34、entry: The panel includes any surrounding posts and rails. 3.1.8 pedestrian parapet pedestrian or other users restraint system along or on top of a bridge, retaining wall or similar structure which is not intended to act as a road vehicle restraint system 3.1.9 pedestrian restraint system product de
35、signed to meet the requirements of this Technical Report 3.1.10 plinth continuous upstand which supports the posts of the pedestrian parapet and which is part of the main structure to which it is attached 3.1.11 post vertical or inclined member of a pedestrian parapet which withstands both horizonta
36、l and vertical forces and transmits these forces to the supporting structure 3.1.12 product height Hpoverall height of the manufactured product including base-plate if provided Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1. 3.1.13 rail member of a pedestrian parapet that transmits vertical and horizontal forces to
37、the posts Note 1 to entry: Top and other rails are included. PD CEN/TR 16949:2016CEN/TR 16949:2016 (E) 10 3.1.14 spaces, gaps and voids space formed by the surrounding infilling of posts and rails 3.1.15 traffic loads non-vehicular loads caused by pedestrians and other highway users e.g. cyclists an
38、d equestrians 3.2 Symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and abbreviations apply: 3.2.1 Latin upper case letters AdDesign value of an accidental action CdLimiting design value of the relevant serviceability criterion DsDeclared dimension(s) of spaces and v
39、oids DbDiameter of spherical object which defines the dimensions of the spaces and voids E Energy EdDesign value of effect of actions FdDesign value of an action (load) FdcDesign value of connection to main structure FhkCharacteristic horizontal point load caused by traffic FpdnDesign load perpendic
40、ular on the infill FTTest load FT,STest load at serviceability level FT,UTest load at ultimate level FwResultant Wind force GkCharacteristic value of a permanent action HOOverall height in metres of the pedestrian parapet above the pedestrian walking surface HPThe vertical height of the manufactured
41、 pedestrian parapet QhkCharacteristic value of the concentrated horizontal traffic loads QvkCharacteristic value of the concentrated vertical traffic loads RdDesign resistance RkCharacteristic resistance RTResistance derived from testing S Slope of load/deformation curve Sn,dynLoad from snow removal
42、 machinery SnSnow load SLS Serviceability Limit State ULS Ultimate Limit State PD CEN/TR 16949:2016CEN/TR 16949:2016 (E) 11 3.2.2 Latin lower case letters b Width of footway qhkCharacteristic value of the uniformly distributed horizontal traffic loads (line load or patch load)-top rail qhkiCharacter
43、istic value of the uniformly distributed horizontal traffic loads (line load or patch load)-other rails qvkCharacteristic value of the uniformly distributed vertical traffic loads (line load or patch load) 3.2.3 Greek lower case letters Test resistance reduction factor (and include bag angle B.5.3.3
44、.2) Partial factor APartial factor for accidental actions GsPartial factor for permanent actions (e.g. self weight permanent actions) MPartial factor for a material property QPartial factor for variable actions (traffic loads, wind loads, snow loads) hHorizontal deformation or deflection Combination
45、 factor 0Factor for the combination value of a variable action 1Factor for the frequent value of a variable action 4 Requirements 4.1 General Pedestrian parapets should be designed and/or tested and should conform to the requirements of this Technical Report. Where a vehicle restraint system is requ
46、ired to also function as a pedestrian parapet, the requirements of EN 13175 should be met. Figures in Annex E illustrate the constituent parts of a pedestrian parapet. Manufacturers may provide other design types which are not shown in Annex E provided they comply with the requirements of this Techn
47、ical Report. 4.2 Construction 4.2.1 Assembly Design, drawing, installation and maintenance instructions should be provided describing the measures that have to be taken in order to achieve the following performances where they form part of the pedestrian parapet: a) a continuous flowing alignment; b
48、) smooth surfaces; c) the absence of sharp edges that could cause injury to users; PD CEN/TR 16949:2016CEN/TR 16949:2016 (E) 12 d) the provision for expansion, contraction and movement of the main structure (e.g. under traffic loads and temperature effects) so that these do not endanger the performa
49、nce or flowing alignment; e) the avoidance of corrosion pockets; f) the provision for adequate drainage in hollow sections and channels; g) the compatibility between component parts so that there is avoidance of electrolytic action; h) that fixings and fittings cannot be loosened without using tools; i) to demonstrate the ease of assembly at site location, the ease of maintenance and repair including the replacement of parts; j) finish and surface protection; k) any special provisions for end posts/panels. NOTE A method for ensuring a smooth
