1、Z107.6-M90(reaffirmed 2014)Pure tone air conduction threshold audiometry for hearing conservationLegal Notice for StandardsCanadian Standards Association (operating as “CSA Group”) develops standards through a consensus standards development process approved by the Standards Council of Canada. This
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17、r CAN/CSA-Z107.6-M90 - January 1990 - Page 7 CAN/CSA-Z107.6-M90 - January 1990 - Page 8 CAN/CSA-Z107.6-M90 Pure Tone Air Conduction Threshold Audiometry for Hearing Conservation 1, Scope 1.1 This Standard specifies procedures and requirements for Pure Tone Air Conduction Threshold Audiometry, withou
18、t masking, used in hearing conservation programs. It is especially applicable to individuals whose hearing sensitivity might be adversely affected by occupational noise exposure. are to be used to identify individuals who are at risk through exposure to excessively high noise levels. The procedures
19、in this Standard 1.2 The Standard specifies test techniques for automatic recording, manual and computer controlled audiometry. 1-3 The procedures in this Standard are less stringent than those required for clinical use. 1.4 The user of this Standard should be proficient in audiometric test techniqu
20、es. 2. Definitions 2.1 In addition to definitions found in CSA Standards 2107.0 and 2107.4 the following definitions apply in this Standard. Air conduction-transmission of sound from the external and middle ear to the inner ear. Ascending test method-the presentation of consecutive test tones of asc
21、ending intensity to determine hearing threshold levels. Bracketing test method-the presentation of consecutive test tones of both ascending and descending intensity to determine hearing threshold levels. Audiogram-presentation, in graphic or tabular form, of the hearing threshold levels of the subje
22、cts ears, determined under specified conditions and by a specified method, as a function of frequency. Audiometers-standards for audiometers are presented in CSA Standard 2107.4-M86 (Pure Tone Audiometer). Hearing level at a specified frequency for a specific type of CAN/CSA-Z107.6-M90 - January 199
23、0 - Page 9 earphone and for a specified manner of application-the sound pressure level of this signal set up by the earphone in the acoustic coupler minus the appropriate standard reference threshold level. Hearing threshold level at a specified frequency-the difference in decibels between the heari
24、ng level of a subjects threshold of audibility and the standard reference threshold level. Threshold of audibility is the lowest level at which the subject can detect the presence of the stimulus for at least 50% of stimulus presentations. Otologically normal person-a person in a normal state of hea
25、lth who is free from all signs or symptoms of current or previous ear disease and from obstructions in the ear canal and who has no history of undue exposure to noise. Technician-a person who has qualified to perform audiometric tests as defined in Clause 7. 3, Reference Publications 3.1 This Public
26、ation refers to the following publications and the year dates shown indicate the latest issues available at the time of printing: CSA Standards Definitions of Common Acoustical Terms Used in CSA Standards; 2107.0-1984, CAN3-2107.4-M86, Pure Tone Air Conduction Audiometers for Hearing Conservation an
27、d for Screening. ISO* Standard Acoustics-Pure Tone Air Conduction Threshold Audiometry for Hearing Conservation Purposes. 6189-1983, *International Standards Organization. 4. Requirements for Audiometers 4.1 General Requirements Audiometers shall be constructed and calibrated in compliance with the
28、requirements of CSA Standard CAN3-2107.4. CAN/CSA-Z107.6-M90 - January 1990 - Page 10 4.2 Maintenance and Calibration of Audiometric Equipment 4.2.1 General Correct calibration of audiometers and related equipment is critical for reliable test results. It is essential that audiometric equipment, whe
29、n in service, be calibrated according to Clause 5.4 of CSA Standard CAN3-2107.4 and comply with the other requirements as specified. In order to ensure this, the following stages of procedures and calibration tests are recommended: (a) stage A: Routine procedures and subjective tests; and (b) stage
30、B: Objective calibration tests. 4.2.2 Stage A: Routine Procedures by Technician(s) It is recommended that these procedures (listed below) be performed on the equipment in its normal working position. These shall be performed weekly in full, and daily for subjective calibration tests. Subjective cali
31、bration tests are in Procedures 7 to 11 inclusive. If used less frequently than daily, these full tests should be performed prior to use. Procedures: (1) Clean and examine the audiometer and accessories. Check plugs, mains leads, and accessory leads for signs of wear or damage. (Badly worn leads sho
32、uld be replaced.) (2) Ensure that all switch knobs are secure and indicators function correctly. (3) Ensure that the patient signal system (response switch), if supplied, operates correctly. (4) Check tension of headset headband. Ensure that swivel joints are free to turn without being excessively s
33、lack. (5) Switch on equipment and leave on for recommended warm-up time. If no warm-up time is quoted by the manufacturer, allow 5 min for the circuits to stabilize. (See also Clause 4.6 of CSA Standard CAN3-Z107.4.) Carry out any setting-up adjustments as specified by the manufacturer. On battery-p
34、owered equipment, ensure the battery state by the specified method. Ensure that earphone serial numbers correspond with the instrument. (6) On automatic recording audiometers, check the marking pen and mechanical operation and function of limit switches and frequency switches. Ensure that no extrane
35、ous instrument noise is audible at the subject position. (7) Check through at a high level (eg, hearing level of 60 dB) at all frequencies used, for both earphones; listen for proper functioning, absence of distortion, freedom from interrupter clicks, etc. Check earphones, plugs, and leads for inter
36、mittency. (8) Compare the current hearing threshold levels of one otologically normal subject (who may be the technician) with his/her previously recorded baseline audiogram. If it does not differ by more than k5 dB at all frequencies, the audiometer may be considered to be satisfactory for use. If
37、it differs by more than i5 dB, the hearing threshold levels of a second otologically normal subject should also be compared to his/her previously recorded baseline audiogram. If this also indicates a difference greater than k5 dB, the audiometer shall be referred for objective calibration tests and
38、recalibrated as necessary. (9) Listen at low levels for any (a) signs of noise or hum or other unwanted sounds; and CAN/CSA-Z107.6-M90 - January 1990 - Page 11 (b) change in tonal quality. (10) Ensure that the attenuator(s) does attentuate over the full range . (11) Ensure that interrupter keys oper
39、ate silently and that no noise radiating from the instrument is audible at the subjects position. 4-2-3 Stage 3: Periodic Objective Tests 4-2.3.1 A qualified testing and calibration laboratory shall be employed to provide periodic objective tests for compliance with this Standard. These periodic tes
40、ts may be provided on site or at the location of the testing laboratory but shall occur at intervals of not more than 12 months. 4-2.3.2 These tests shall include a check and correction as necessary of the following: (a) frequency of test signals: (b) sound pressure levels in an acoustic coupler fro
41、m earphones; (e) attenuator steps (over a significant part of the range); (d) harmonic distortion; (e) unwanted noise; (f) mechanical deficiencies; and (9) other problems described in the request for service. 4.2.3-3 When returned, the equipment shall be accompanied by a certificate of calibration s
42、tating the exact measured compliance with the appropriate sections of this Standard (with tolerances as specified) and the date of calibration. When the instrument is returned after objective calibration, it should be checked according to Clause 4.2.2 before being put back into service. 5. Condition
43、s for Audiometric Test Booms 5.1 Maximum Ambient Noise The maximum allowable ambient noise levels for audiometry rooms shall be as specified in CSA Standard CAN3-2107.4 (see Table 1 of this Standard). Notes: (1) For frequencies up to 1 kHz some data (eg, IS0 Standard 6189) indicate that the levels i
44、n TabIe 2 may be exceeded by 5 dB. However, in these cases the tests may give spurious indications of low frequency hearing loss. (2) Audiometry rooms should be located in as quiet a place as possible, preferably with convenient access but away from busy hallways, waiting rooms, elevators, heating a
45、nd plumbing noises, and noisy machinery. CAN/CSA-Z107.6-M90 - January 1990 - Page 12 5.2 Other Environmental Requirements 5-2-1 Air temperature in the audiometric test room shall be in the range permitted for offices by local authorities. room should allow for sufficient exchange of air so as to not
46、 adversely effect the test subject. The audiometric test 5.2.2 The test subject and the technician shall be comfortably seated during audiometric testing and shall not be disturbed or distracted by events unrelated to the test procedure. clearly visible to the technician. to observe operation of the
47、 audiometer controls. The subject shall be The subject shall not be able 6, Test Tones 6-1 Frequencies of Test Tones The test shall be performed using at least the following frequencies: 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 6000 Hz. Note: It is recommended that 8000 Hz also be tested. 6.2 Order of Prese
48、ntation of Test Tones This Standard does not require a specific order of presentation of test tones. Rather, the presentation sequence shall be determined by relevent regulations or by medical/audiological personnel preference. When a frequency presentation sequence has been determined, this sequenc
49、e shall remain consistent for all tests. A suggested order of presentation of test tones may be found in Appendix B. 7. Requirements for Test Personnel (Technician) 7-1 The audiometric tests shall be performed by a person who has successfully completed a training course as follows. 7.1.1 General Training courses shall be medically/audiologically directed and should preferably be under the auspices o
