1、 ETSI GR mWT 015 V1.1.1 (2017-11) Frequency Bands and Carrier Aggregation Systems; Band and Carrier Aggregation Disclaimer The present document has been produced and approved by the millimetre Wave Transmission (mWT) ETSI Industry Specification Group (ISG) and represents the views of those members w
2、ho participated in this ISG. It does not necessarily represent the views of the entire ETSI membership. GROUP REPORT ETSI ETSI GR mWT 015 V1.1.1 (2017-11)2 Reference DGR/mWT-0015 Keywords antenna, FWA, mWT, point-to-point ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33
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8、ction in all media. ETSI 2017. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. oneM2M logo is p
9、rotected for the benefit of its Members. GSM and the GSM logo are trademarks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI GR mWT 015 V1.1.1 (2017-11)3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights 4g3Foreword . 4g3Modal verbs terminology 4g3Executive summary 4g31 Scope 5g32 References 5g32.1 Norma
10、tive references . 5g32.2 Informative references 5g33 Abbreviations . 6g34 Bands and Carrier Aggregation concept 6g35 Applications and use cases for Bands and Carrier Aggregation 7g35.0 Introduction 7g35.1 Channels aggregation in low microwave frequency bands (Long Haul application) . 7g35.2 Channels
11、 aggregation in medium microwave frequency bands . 9g35.3 Microwave and mmW channels aggregation . 9g35.4 Licensed and unlicensed channels aggregation 11g36 Bands and Carrier Aggregation benefits 11g37 Technological advancements related to Bands and Carrier Aggregation . 13g37.1 Introduction 13g37.2
12、 Frequency selection 13g37.3 Antenna technologies . 13g37.4 First results 14g38 Deployment and relevant network design 16g38.1 Link planning example: Case of E-Band and traditional microwave band 16g39 Regulatory and licensing: Considerations and proposals . 18g3Annex A: Authors and contributors . 2
13、0g3Annex B: Change History . 21g3History 22g3ETSI ETSI GR mWT 015 V1.1.1 (2017-11)4 Intellectual Property Rights Essential patents IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly a
14、vailable for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web s
15、erver (https:/ipr.etsi.org/). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may be
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17、eproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks. Foreword This Group Report (GR) has been produced by ETSI Industry Specification Group (ISG
18、) millimetre Wave Transmission (mWT). Modal verbs terminology In the present document “should“, “should not“, “may“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). “must“
19、and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. Executive summary More and more demanding requirements will challenge the wireless transport in the near future. Therefore it appears necessary to investigate new approaches in order to meet such needs. “Bands a
20、nd Carrier Aggregation“ (BCA) is one of these possible concepts, as it could be exploited to enhance radio link performance in different aspects. Combining multiple frequency bands over the same link could in fact provide several benefits, on top of plain throughput increase, leading to an efficient
21、 use of the available spectrum. This appears to be one of the most critical point taking into account the ongoing network evolution towards 5G. BCA could be implemented through different arrangements, depending on the application. For each of these, some new considerations in terms of network design
22、 apply, as the propagation aspects can be very different depending on the spectrum options aggregated over the radio link. The overall BCA network design, often providing multiple capacity levels with different availability, will have to fit the variety of services that need to be transported (along
23、 with their SLAs). Another fundamental aspect, when BCA is concerned, is represented by the regulatory and licensing framework: it is indeed important that the benefits provided by such new technology are known and supported in order to boost as much as possible its usage where applicable. ETSI ETSI
24、 GR mWT 015 V1.1.1 (2017-11)5 1 Scope The present document describes the “Bands and Carrier Aggregation“ (BCA) concept, along with associated use cases and benefits for transport networks. A specific clause deals with technological advancements related to BCA, such as multi-band antennas and wideban
25、d RF components. Another aspect is related to possible barriers to the adoption of BCA in the existing standards/regulations or to proposals for incentives and discounts in the frequency licensing when BCA is implemented, due to its benefits in terms of efficient spectrum usage. It should be noted t
26、hat the BCA concept described in the present document is not referred to “Channel aggregation“ system as described in ETSI EN 302 217-4 i.3. In fact BCA represents a much wider scope, only one of the possible BCA arrangements being a “channel aggregation“ system. 2 References 2.1 Normative reference
27、s Normative references are not applicable in the present document. 2.2 Informative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific referenc
28、es, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of
29、the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. i.1 ETSI TR 103 103 (V1.1.1): “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point systems; ATPC, RTPC, Adaptive Modulation (mixed-mode) and Bandwidth Adaptive functionalities; Technical background and impact on deployment, link
30、 design and coordination“. i.2 ETSI White Paper No. 15: “mmWave Semiconductor Industry Technologies: Status and Evolution“. i.3 ETSI EN 302 217-4: “Fixed Radio Systems; Characteristics and requirements for point-to-point equipment and antennas; Part 4: Antennas“. i.4 ETSI White Paper No. 09: “E-Band
31、 and V-Band - Survey on status of worldwide regulation“. i.5 ETSI GR mWT 008: “Analysis of Spectrum, License Schemes and Network Scenarios in the D-band“. i.6 Contribution to ECC PT SE19 meeting #76 28-30 March 2017: “SE19 (17)11 WI 37 moreover, in such BCA situations, the higher-band channel should
32、 be planned only from the interference point of view, while its availability should be considered as “best effort“ (i.e. to be estimated by the applicant from the available fade-margin before the license request). This may require some updating to the present planning tools and/or licensing forms. E
33、TSI ETSI GR mWT 015 V1.1.1 (2017-11)19 2) Impact of an ATPC range imposed in the licensing conditions. In all BCA cases, but especially when two different frequency bands are concerned as per the use case in the clause 4.3 (Microwave and mmW channels aggregation), the use of ATPC for the highest fre
34、quency band may become challenging and may limit the full BCA exploitation. For instance, for the use case in clause 5.3, the E-Band should be engineered to work 100 % of the time at its maximum feasible PTx (therefore without the ATPC) in order to obtain the best results. Using the ATPC to fix the
35、Receiver signal level (RSL) at a given value (e.g. -50 dBm) may imply the loss of plenty of capacity, because the MMSS will be limited a lot. In addition to that, it may be worth noting that high modulation schemes when larger CSs are concerned have a receiver threshold even higher than -50 dBm. The
36、refore, the ATPC use and its rules should be carefully analyzed/studied because it may pose limitations or even jeopardize the BCA adoption. 3) License fee. As mentioned in clause 5 some of the main advantages of BCA are to enable a higher link distance for high frequency bands (not possible otherwi
37、se) for carrying larger capacity otherwise requiring additional channels in lower bands, decongesting such valuable bands. In other words, BCA contributes to a much more efficient use of the overall available (and sometimes scarce) spectrum. In particular, for use case in clause 5.3, even if the phy
38、sical radio link is made by two channels in two different frequency bands, it is reasonable to consider the possibility to have a lower spectrum fee (see note) in case of BCA. A proposal in this sense has been made in ETSI White Paper No. 09: E-Band and V-Band - Survey on status of worldwide regulat
39、ion i.4 where a possible E-Band license cost is suggested and a “BCA“ factor is proposed as discount due to above considerations: Where: K = factor defining absolute figures (Country dependent) currency BCA = discount factor (dmax / d) in case E-Band is used for BCA f0 = Normalization factor (e.g. 3
40、8 GHz) fc = Center Frequency of the Band GHz BW = Channel Bandwidth MHz Bsize = Overall size MHz of one sub-band (Go or Return) In principle, this kind of license fee reduction could be applicable also to other BCA use cases which help in decongesting spectrum (for instance while using aggregating s
41、mall chunks which would not be used instead, e.g. 14 MHz + 28 MHz in two bands). NOTE: The license fees here debated are those “recurring“ per year/channel; in some countries, these are different from the “planning“ charge (due only once at the link activation) covering the costs of the planning its
42、elf, which are still considered justified by the need of interference evaluation also for such higher band BCA channels. Dual-Band antenna In case of Dual-Band antenna it may be worth to point out the following points: As depicted above, Dual-band antennas, even for bands not so close to each other,
43、 are today feasible. The dimension is limited by the highest band, due to fact that gain should exceed 50 dBi as practical rule. Antenna RPEs are obviously different between the two bands. Due to their intrinsic technical complexity, it is expected that both bands may not reach the same ETSI class.
44、Antenna Pointing, usually very challenging when antenna gain is close to 50 dBi, which is practically always true, and for long connection, is made feasible, in case of dual-band antenna. The antenna will be aligned using lower frequency bands, with lower gain, therefore adjusted with the higher fre
45、quency bands signal. The result, will be beneficial to the lower frequency signal as well, since the pointing will be practically perfect, without any losses. ETSI ETSI GR mWT 015 V1.1.1 (2017-11)20 Annex A: Authors and contributors The following people have contributed to the present document: Rapp
46、orteur: Mr. Paolo Di Prisco, Nokia France Other contributors: Mr. Mario G. L. Frecassetti, Nokia France Mr. Andre Doll, Nokia France Mr. Yoann Letestu, Nokia France Mr. John Cole, CommScope Technologies AG Mr Giuseppe Roveda, Huawei Tech.(UK) Co., Ltd Mr Roberto Macchi, SIAE Microelettronica SpA ETS
47、I ETSI GR mWT 015 V1.1.1 (2017-11)21 Annex B: Change History Date Version Information about changes September 2016 V1.0.0 First draft document December 2016 V1.0.1 Modifications following remarks collected during plenary meeting mWT#6: Added pictures related to use cases Comments related to low freq
48、uency BCA use case May 2017 V1.0.2 Added text, mainly to parts: 7 Technological advancements related to BCA 8 Deployment and relevant network design 9 Regulatory and licensing proposals Clause 9: added consideration & proposal June 2017 V1.0.3 From GS to GR Add new text for planning explanation in clause 4 mainly July 2017 V1.0.4 Final draft after G2M 10-07-2017 ETSI ETSI GR mWT 015 V1.1.1 (2017-11)22 History Document history V1.1.1 November 2017 Publication
