1、2013 年华中师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 Chevrolet2 Nokia3 Greyhound4 International Herald Tribune5 The Merchant of Venice6 Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)7 Out of Africa8 Roman Holidays9 The Lion King10 The Women Warrior11 Play Boy12 New Yorker13 Fortune14 Olay15 Starbuck汉译英16 本地化17 时间表18 审校1
2、9 钉子户20 房产证21 商品房22 停车位23 物业税24 社会保障体系25 人才战略26 廉租房27 强国战略28 人才政策29 高雅艺术30 秒杀英译汉31 A century ago American men outnumbered and outlived the women. But in the 20th century, women began living longer, primarily because pregnancy and childbirth had become less dangerous. The gap grew steadily. In 1946,
3、for the first time ever in the United States, females outnumbered males.Part of the reasons are self-inflicted. Men smoke more than Women, drink more take more life-threatening chances. Men are murdered(usually by other men)three times as often as women are. They commit suicide at a higher rate and
4、have more than twice as many fatal car accidents as women do. Men are more likely to be involved in alcohol-related fatalities. Men drivers!But behavior doesnt explain away the longevity gap. Nor is stress the answer. In the 1950s, as heart disease claimed more and more male victims, pressure in the
5、 corporate boardroom was blamed. Let women venture out of the home and into the line office, doctors said, and they would begin dying at the same rate as men. But a funny thing happened on the way to the funeral. Between 1950 and 1985, the percentage of employed women in the United States nearly dou
6、bled. Those working women, several studies have found, are as healthy as women at home.32 In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons; to extend the family line or the family name, to propitiate the ancestors; to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals
7、 involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places.In addition, one class of family reasons shares a border with the following category, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to
8、 hold the husband or occupy the wife, to repair or rejuvenate the marriage; to increase the number of children on the assumption that family happiness lies that way. The point is underlined by its converse: in some societies the failure to bear children(or males)is a threat to the marriage and a rea
9、dy cause for divorce.Beyond all that is the profound significance of children to the very institution of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family they need children to enrich the circle, to validate its family character, to gather the redemptive influence
10、 of offspring.汉译英33 这本中国文化读本出版正当其时。全书不仅对中国文化一些有特色的内容和亮点做了具体生动的介绍，而且力求讲出中国文化的精神，讲出中国文化的内在意味，讲出中国文化的核心价值，力求进一步展示中国人的心灵世界、文化性格、生活态度和审美情趣，并注意发掘中国文化中具有普世价值的意义世界。他们希望这本读物不仅能向国内外读者通俗地介绍中国文化，而且能提供一个新颖的视角来对中国文化进行有深度的认识。只有这种有深度的认识，才能照亮中国文化的本来面貌。我赞同他们的这种努力和追求。该书写得有声有色，读起来有“活的风味” 。书中写到了紫禁城、天坛、兵马俑、民居建筑等一处处有形实物，又
11、写到了书法、绘画、园林、京剧、瓷器等一件件艺术作品。2013 年华中师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 雪佛兰2 【正确答案】 诺基亚3 【正确答案】 美国灰狗长途汽车4 【正确答案】 国际先驱论坛报5 【正确答案】 威尼斯商人6 【正确答案】 东南亚国家联盟7 【正确答案】 走出非洲8 【正确答案】 罗马假日9 【正确答案】 狮子王10 【正确答案】 女战士11 【正确答案】 花花公子12 【正确答案】 纽约客13 【正确答案】 财富14 【正确答案】 玉兰油15 【正确答案】 星巴克汉译英16 【正确答案】 localization17 【正确答案】 time-t
12、able18 【正确答案】 proofreading19 【正确答案】 nail household(a Chinese term for those who refuse to give up the house or land when it is called for by the government)20 【正确答案】 property ownership certificate21 【正确答案】 commercial residential building22 【正确答案】 parking lot23 【正确答案】 property tax24 【正确答案】 the social
13、 security system25 【正确答案】 talent strategy26 【正确答案】 low-rent house27 【正确答案】 strategy of invigorating the country28 【正确答案】 personnel policy29 【正确答案】 high art30 【正确答案】 seckill英译汉31 【正确答案】 一个世纪以前，美国男人的数量和寿命都超过女人。但到了 20世纪，女人开始活得更长，这主要是因为怀孕与分娩的危险降低了。这种差距一直在扩大。到 1946 年，美国的女性人数首次超过了男性。究其原因，一部分是其咎由自取。男人吸烟多，酗
14、酒也多，遭遇凶险的机会也多。男人遇害(通常是其他男人所为)的案例数是女人的三倍之多。他们自杀的比率较高，因车祸死于非命的也比女人多出倍有余。男人更易招致酒后身亡的事故。且看男人开车!但是行为说明不了长寿的差距，工作紧张也不应成为其理由。在 20 世纪 50 年代，死于心脏病的男性越来越多，人们往往把这归咎于公司董事会给的压力太大。医生都说了，让妇女大胆走出家门，走上“火线” ，她们的死亡率也会向男人的看齐。不过在“送终”的路上发生了一件怪事。在 1950 年到 1985 年间，美国就业妇女的比率几乎增长了一倍。但各种研究资料表明，这些职业妇女与家庭妇女一样健康。32 【正确答案】 在某些社会中
15、，人们希望拥有孩子是出于所谓的家庭原因：传宗接代，光宗耀祖，博取祖辈的欢心，并维系礼仪。此类理由在现代世俗化的社会中似显苍白，但它们在其他地方曾一度并确实仍是强有力的理由。此外，有一类家庭原因与下列类别不无共通之处，这便是：生儿育女是为着维系或改善婚姻能拴住丈夫或者使妻子不至于无所事事；修复婚姻或为婚姻注入新的活力；多子多孙，以为家庭幸福惟系于此。这一点更可能因为其相反情形而得以凸显：在某些社会中，无法生儿育女(或无法生育男孩)对婚姻可能构成一种威胁，并且可能是离婚的一个顺理成章的理由。除了所有这一切以外，还有一个原因，那就是后代对于家庭这一社会机构本身所具有的深远意义。对许多人来说，夫妇两人
16、尚不足以构成一个真正意义上的家庭他们需要孩子来丰富其二人小天地，赋予该小天地真正意义上的家庭性质，并从子孙后代身上获取某种回报。汉译英33 【正确答案】 It is at such a hopeful time that this book Insights into Chinese Culture is published. Beyond general knowledge, this book provides a detailed, vivid introduction to certain unique features and highlights of Chinese cultur
17、e. The authors have attempted to represent the spirit and core values of Chinese culture, especially those with universal significance. They have also tried to exemplify the inner world, the life views and aesthetic interests of the Chinese people. They hope this book will serve as a popular introdu
18、ction to Chinese culture for readers both in China and abroad. At the same time, they also hope their insights can provide a new perspective for readers to gain a deeper understanding of the true essence of Chinese culture. I appreciate their efforts and pursuit.This book is rich in vivid details, m
19、aking simple words “come to life“ to its readers. Subjects covered in his book range from ancient wonders such as the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, the Terracotta Army, and traditional residences of ordinary people, to enduring artworks of calligraphy, painting, landscape gardening, Peking Opera, and porcelain.
