1、2013 年天津外国语大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案与解析一、单项选择题1 The majority of Robert Burns poems were written in the _dialect.（A）Scottish（B） Welsh（C） Irish（D）Celtic2 Which of the following novels is written in epistolary style? _（A）Moll Flanders（B） Tom Jones（C） The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman（D）Pame
2、la, Or Virtue Rewarded3 Which of the following poems could be employed to explain Wordsworths theory of poetry writing as “a spontaneous overflow of powerful emotion“ “recollected in tranquility“? _（A）I wandered lonely as a cloud（B） Ode on a Grecian Urn（C） The Rime of the Ancient Mariner（D）To Autumn
3、4 Direct psychoanalysis could not possibly be found in the works of_.（A）Edgar Allan Poe（B） Washington Irving（C） Henry James（D）Ernest Hemingway5 Compared with the writings of Mark Twains, Henry Jamess fiction is noted for their_.（A）frontier vernacular（B） rich colloquialism（C） refined elegant language
4、（D）vulgarly descriptive words6 Which of the following plays is highly autobiographic? _（A）A Streetcar Named Desire（B） Death of a Salesman（C） Long Days Journey into Night（D）The Hairy Ape7 _doesnt directly employ sexual impotence to symbolize spiritual poverty in his works.（A）Ernest Hemingway（B） T. S.
5、 Eliot（C） Walt Whitman（D）Edward Albee二、填空题8 The human defect of_mainly causes the tragedy of Macbeth.9 In John Miltons_, Satan seems to embody the human fight for freedom and against control in life.10 “Hath not a Jew eyes? Hath not a Jew hands, organs, dimensions, senses, affections? Fed with the s
6、ame food, hurt with the same weapons, subject to the same diseases, healed by the same means, warmed and cooled by the same winter and summer, as a Christian is?“ The speaker is_.11 Heroic couplet is one of the traditional verse forms in English poetry. _is believed to be the first English poet to h
7、ave adopted this form in his poems.12 Great Expectations is a novel of Bildungsroman, or a novel of_.13 Determinism is a theme in Joseph Conrads _.14 “Art for arts sake“ finds a fluent expression in Oscar Wildes only novel _, but is disapproved of by_, the author of Pygmalion.15 Ulysses is a highly
8、symbolic novel, which bears a striking resemblance to Homers _.16 “ Let us go then, you and IWhen the evening is spread out against the skyLike a patient etherized upon a table.“These lines are taken from a poem entitled_.17 “Young Goodman Brown“ is intended to reveal that_exists in the hearts of al
9、l human beings.18 “The universe is composed of Nature and the soul. Spirit is present everywhere. “ This is the voice out of the book_, which pushed American Romanticism into a new phase, the phase of New England Transcendentalism.19 Life is real! Life is earnest!And the grave is not its goalDust th
10、ou art, to dust returnestWas not spoken of the soul.These lines are taken from a poem entitled_.20 _tore the mask of gentility to pieces and wrote about the helplessness of man, his insignificance in a cold world, and his lack of dignity in face of the crushing forces of environment and heredity.21
11、The Compsons, the Sartorises, and the Sutpens are representative southern aristocratic families in _s novels, and they are all portrayed as prisoners of the past, who cannot reconcile with the fall of the south after_.22 In The Woman Warrior,_rewrites the legend of Chinese heroine to express her des
12、ire to become a woman warrior in a racist and sexist society. 23 “ A moist young moon hung above the mist of a neighboring meadow. “ In the sentence from Conclusive Evidence, Vladimir Nabokov uses the figure of speech called _.三、分析题24 Many writers seem to believe in the therapeutic and revitalizing
13、power of nature. Illustrate the image of nature and its impact on human beings in a specific novel, play, poem or short story by an American or British writer/playwright/poet.25 At the end of Tess story, Hardy wrote that “ Justice was done, and the President of the Immortals(in Aeschylean phrase)had
14、 ended his sport with Tess. “ How do you understand this sentence? In what sense is Tess story tragic?26 In For Whom the Bell Tolls, the readers see a clear change of Hemingways former individualistic attitude shown as in The Sun Also Rises to a fresh faith of social destinies of men. Illustrate thi
15、s point on the basis of these two novels.27 The ship(or the boat, or the like)has been a key symbol in western literature. W. H. Auden holds that there are mainly two views of a ship: as a vessel isolated in the ocean, thus a microcosm of society; and as a vehicle of escape from the shore, thus an i
16、mage of freedom. Elaborate on the symbolic meaning of the ship/boat, or a boarded floating object in one American or British novel.2013 年天津外国语大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答案与解析一、单项选择题1 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 罗伯特彭斯(Robert Burns ，1759 1796)是苏格兰农民诗人，诗歌大部分用苏格兰语写成。2 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 帕米拉，又名美德受到了奖赏(Pamela，Or Virue Rewarded)是英国作家
17、理查逊(Samuel Richardson，1689 一 1761)的一部书信体小说，他常常被称为书信体小说的创始人。3 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 华兹华斯强调，诗歌是“强烈感情的自然进发”，源于“在宁静中经过沉思的”感情。我似流云天自游(I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud)是诗人独自漫游时，忽然发现湖边一大片金黄色的水仙花在微风中摇曳起舞，顿时心旷神怡，被大自然折服，于是写下这首诗，是典型的“强烈感情的自然进发”。4 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 爱伦坡、詹姆斯、海明威的作品中都有直接心理分析，而欧文是美国浪漫主义早期的作家，其作品没有涉及心理分析。5 【正确答案】
18、 C【试题解析】 马克吐温的语言偏向口语化，而亨利 詹姆斯出身贵族，其语言风格是精致典雅。6 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 长夜漫漫路迢迢是美国剧作家奥尼尔(Eugene ONeill，1888一 1953)的同名自传戏，他将自己家中的事情毫不保留地公之于众。7 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 海明威的太阳照常升起(The Sun Also Rises)、艾略特的荒原(The Waste Land)，以及阿尔比的谁害怕弗吉尼亚伍尔夫(Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf?)中都有关于性无能的描写，象征着精神的空虚。二、填空题8 【正确答案】 political ambiti
19、on【试题解析】 麦克白(Macbeth)是莎士比亚的四大悲剧之一，主要讲述了麦克白为苏格兰国家和人民立功之后萌生了做国王的念头，为了当上苏格兰国王，他不惜杀掉兄长，而后又被忠臣杀死的故事。麦克白的悲剧在于自己的政治野心。9 【正确答案】 Paradise Lost【试题解析】 失乐园是约翰弥尔顿(John Milton，16081674)最重要的作品，主要内容是：撒旦率领天使反抗上帝失败后被打入地狱，在烈火中受罪，为了报复，撒旦潜入伊甸园，引诱夏娃偷食禁果，随后亚当也在夏娃的怂恿下偷食了禁果，因此二人被上帝赶出伊甸园。作品中的撒旦常常被看作人类反对权威、追求自由的代表。10 【正确答案】 S
20、hylock【试题解析】 夏洛克是威尼斯商人(The Merchant of Venice) 里的重要角色之一，他说的这段话成为追求宗教、种族平等的重要代表。11 【正确答案】 Geoffrey Chaucer【试题解析】 英国诗人乔叟(13401400)被认为是最先使用英雄双韵体的诗人。12 【正确答案】 coming-of-age【试题解析】 远大前程是一部成长小说。狄更斯的成长三部曲包括雾都孤儿(1838)、 大卫 科波菲尔(1850) 和远大前程(1861)。13 【正确答案】 Almayers Folly【试题解析】 阿尔迈耶的愚蠢是康拉德的第一部小说，其主题体现了宿命论(deter
21、minism)。14 【正确答案】 The Picture of Dorian Gray，George Bernard Shaw【试题解析】 奥斯卡王尔德(Oscar Wilde，1854 一 1900)写过很多著名的戏剧，如认真的重要性(The Importance of Being Earnest)、一个无足轻重的女人(A Woman of No Importance)、理想的丈夫(An Ideal Husband)等，唯一的一部小说是道林格雷的画像。他一直强调的“为艺术而艺术”的观点并不被皮格马利翁的作者萧伯纳(George Bernard Shaw，18561950) 认同，萧伯纳大力
22、倡导创作以讨论社会问题为主旨的文学作品。15 【正确答案】 Odyssey【试题解析】 乔伊斯(James Joyce)的尤利西斯的题目来源于希腊神话中的奥德修斯(Odysseus，拉丁名是尤利西斯) ；而作品的章节和内容也与荷马的奥德赛有着非常强烈的平行对应关系，二者都是非常具有象征意义的小说，如奥德赛的海上航行和尤利西斯的街头漫步都象征着人生的旅途。16 【正确答案】 The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock【试题解析】 这几句诗选自艾略特(TSEliot ，18881965)的普鲁弗洛克的情歌。17 【正确答案】 evil【试题解析】 好人布朗是霍桑(Nath
23、aniel Hawthorne，1804 一 1864)的一部短篇小说，其中体现了霍桑关于人类本性的观点：人生来就是邪恶的，也就是原罪论(original sin)。从亚当夏娃偷吃禁果开始，人类后代就都是罪恶的。18 【正确答案】 Nature【试题解析】 这句话出自爱默生(Ralph Waldo Emerson，1803 一 1882)的论自然。19 【正确答案】 A Psalm of Life【试题解析】 这几句诗选自朗费罗(Henry Wadsworth Longfellow)的人生颂。20 【正确答案】 American naturalists【试题解析】 题目是关于美国的自然主义的，
24、它强调人像其他动物一样都是自然界的生物，人的命运受自然界的控制，人类对此无能无力。21 【正确答案】 William Faulkner；the American Civil War【试题解析】 福克纳是美国 20 世纪 20 年代最重要的小说家之一，他的作品多以美国南方的历史为题材，虚构了一个叫做“约克纳帕塔法县”(Yoknapatawpha)的地方，里面生活着诸如沙特里斯家族、康普森家族以及沙特潘家族等败落的南方贵族家庭。22 【正确答案】 Maxine Hong Kingston【试题解析】 女勇士是著名的美国华裔女作家汤亭亭(Maxine Hong Kingston)的代表作。23 【正
25、确答案】 personification【试题解析】 在这句话中，作者把草坪比作邻居，是拟人的修辞手法。三、分析题24 【正确答案】 Thoreaus masterpiece Walden is a great transcendentalist work. As a young man, Thoreau takes a more than usual interest in the natural world. Like his mentor Emerson, but more than him, he sees nature as a genuine restorative , healt
26、hy influence on mans spiritual well-being, and regards it as a symbol of the spirit. In fact, nature has influenced Thoreau in more than one way.First, to Thoreau, nature is the example from which human beings must learn for self-reliance. Nature itself is self-reliant and it never demands things fr
27、om humans; therefore, the most important thing for men to do with their lives is to be independent and strive to achieve personal spiritual perfection. The fact that Thoreau moved into his little cabin on the day of American independence fully demonstrates his desire to be independent of worldly aff
28、airs, just as he wrote, “a man is rich in proportion to the number of things which he can afford to let alone“.Second, nature gives him the inspiration that men should live as simple as possible. The modern craze for monetary success in the wakening of mechanization and commercialization pushes Thor
29、eau to cry out “Simplicity, simplicity, simplicity!“ To solve the modern dissatisfaction with ones life, he prescribes two methods; one may acquire more, or reduce ones desires. As his living near the pond illustrates, one can become more rejuvenated by choosing the latter choice.Third, spiritual ri
30、chness is the real wealth and the elevation of ones soul is the real progress. Any other progress is only an illusion. For example, to most people, the train is a huge technological progress, but to Thoreau, he thinks the train encroaches on the rustic calm and beauty of nature and that it confines
31、people to fixed train schedules and routes.25 【正确答案】 Put in the quotation marks, Hardys justice is quite ironic, just as the Greek tragedian Aeschyluss view of the divine justice done to Prometheus who stole fire for the benefit of the people. Although it is quite controversial whether Tess has done
32、 benefit for the public, there is no doubt that her story is a tragic one.Firstly, her fate is determined from the very beginning of the story; it is a sport or game of the president of gods. Indeed, Tess story is a long series of accidents. Had she not killed the horse by accident or she was not so
33、 responsible and loyal to her family, Tess could not have listened to her mother so obediently and set her foot on a doomed path. Had Tess luck not been so bad as to be held up with a group of drunken friends after the affair, she should not have gone with Alec and fallen into his trap. Whats more,
34、had the letter been seen by Angel in the first place and he has refused Tess before the wedding, Tess would not have suffered the pain of first being given hope and then grabbed away from her without a little bit mercy. Then on her way to seek Angels parents help, had she not overheard Angels brothe
35、rs criticizing their marriage, she should not have left and saw Alec at such a despairing and vulnerable state. And when Tess gave into Alec and became his lover, had fate not been so cruel to her and let Angel find her only accidentally through a postmans slipup, she should have at least avoided th
36、e afterward disaster. But no, fate could not leave her alone until she is ruthlessly annihilated.Secondly, Tess story is tragic in that she lives in a corrupted and corrupting society. People, like the rich nobleman Alec, can easily get away with his crime of impregnating and abandoning a lower-clas
37、s girl while the victim is left laughed at and despised for something that is not her fault. Such a gentleman as Angel Clare, though he claims to serve the good and will of man, he can not accept his poor wife. He says one thing and does the other. As a matter of fact, both of them represent the unf
38、air and hypocritical Victorian society, one way or the other.26 【正确答案】 The Sun Also Rises was published in 1926. This book portrays the image of the whole generation, the Lost Generation. One of them is Jake Barnes, the protagonist of the novel, who was wounded in the war and made sexually impotent.
39、 After that, he finds life miserable and unbearable. Though they enjoy things like fishing, or bullfighting, he and his friends are fully aware all the while that life is crazy and meaningless. Though they are together, they are lonely in the heart. No one can help one another in the real sense. The
40、 only strength to live on with dignity comes from nowhere but himself. There is nothing one can do but take care of ones own life and be tough against fate and tough with grace under pressure.More than ten years later, Hemingway published another novel, For Whom the Bell Tolls. Compared with The Sun
41、 Also Rises, which illustrates a strong individualistic attitude, this book witnesses a big change in his worldview. First, Robert Jordan is not alone any more. He has a cause to work for and a group to fight with, and more importantly, someone to love and die for. The war he is fighting for is a me
42、taphor for the struggle for freedom. In this book, human brotherhood is emphasized, as manifested by the title, which is taken from John Donnes Meditation , “ Any mans death diminishes me because I am involved in mankind, and therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; it tolls for thee.“
43、Second, his worldview becomes a little more dark and pessimistic. Here, men are determined by their destinies. It seems that the cold universe is determined to frustrate any human efforts. But it is not all pessimistic, because the “code hero“ would fight all the more hard even if he knows he is los
44、ing the battle.27 【正确答案】 Melvilles Moby Dick is one of the worlds greatest masterpieces. It tells the voyage of the Pequod. The ship has rich symbolic meanings. First, it is the symbol of alienation. Cut from the shore, it is far away from the human society. It symbolizes the indifference and coldne
45、ss between one another. For example, Captain Ahab stays away most of the time from his crew. He is buried in his own hate and revenge. It seems that nobody has ever come into his heart. Second, the ship is the symbol of one microcosm of society. Though it is far away from the human mass, the ship is
46、 never short of human beings. The crew come from different places of the world and there is as much cooperation as competition. They work together to catch the whale and carry out the afterward procedures, which demand a strong cooperation among the crew. They compete with each other to be the first
47、 to see the white whale, so as to win the doubloon Ahab has promised. Third, the ship is the symbol of doom. Named after a Native American tribe in Massachusetts that did not long survive after the arrival of white men and thus memorializing an extinction, the Pequod is a symbol of doom. It is paint
48、ed a gloomy black and covered in whale teeth and bones, literally bristling with the mementos of violent death. It is, in fact, marked for death. Adorned like a primitive coffin, the Pequod becomes one. Fourth, the ship is the symbol of quest. It sails on the boundless ocean and symbolizes humans everlasting efforts to seek the ultimate truth of our experience. For example, Ishmael could not reconcile himself to the lives without many happenings. He wants to know more about life and nature and that is why he boards on the Pequod in the first place.
