1、MBA（英语）阅读理解练习试卷 23 及答案与解析一、Section III Reading ComprehensionDirections: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.0 Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attracti
2、ve people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and respectable occupations. Personal consultants give better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告). But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.While attractiveness is a positive factor
3、 for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.Handsome male executives were perceived as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success.Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractiv
4、e ones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Increasingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed mo
5、re to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of attractive overnight successes.Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is perceived to be more feminine (女性的) and an attractive man more masculine (男性的) than the less attractive ones. Thus an attractive wo
6、man has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “masculine“ qualities required.This is true even in politics. “When the one clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,“ says Anne Bowman, who
7、 recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduates to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were as
8、ked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.1 The word “liability (Line 4, Para. 1)“ most probably means “_.“（A）misfort
9、une（B） instability（C） disadvantage（D）burden 2 In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness _.（A）reinforces the fem ale qualities required（B） makes women look more honest and capable（C） is of primary importance to women（D）often enables women to succeed quickly 3 Bowmans experiment reveals that when i
10、t comes to politics, attractiveness _.（A）turns out o be an obstacle（B） affects men and women alike（C） has as little effect on men as on women（D）is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women 4 It can be inferred from the passage that peoples views on beauty are often _.（A）practical（B） prejudiced（C）
11、old-fashioned（D）radical 5 The author writes this passage to _.（A）discuss the negative aspects of being attractive（B） give advice to job-seekers who are attractive（C） demand equal rights for women（D）emphasize the importance of appearance 5 The more women and minorities make their way into the ranks o
12、f management, the more they seem to want to talk about things formerly judged to be best, left unsaid. The newcomers also tend to see office matters with a fresh eye, in the process sometimes coming up with critical analyses of the forces that shape everyones experience in the organization.Consider
13、the novel view of Harvey Coleman of Atlanta on the subject of getting ahead. Coleman is black. He spent 11 years with IBM, half of them working in management development, and now serves as a consultant to the likes of AT&T, Coca-Cola, and Merth. Coleman says that based on what hes seen at big compan
14、ies, he weighs the different elements that make for long-term career success as follows: performance counts a mere 10%, image, 30%, and exposure, a full 60%. Coleman concludes that excellent performance is so common these days that while doing your work well may win you pay increases, it wont secure
15、 you the big promotion. He finds that advancement more often depends on how many people know you and your work, and how high they are.Ridiculous beliefs? Not to many people, especially many women and members of minority races who, like Coleman, feel the scales (障眼物) have dropped from their eyes. “Wo
16、men and blacks in organizations work under false beliefs,“ says Kaleel Jamison, a New York-based management consultant who helps corporations deal with these issues. “They think that if you work hard, youll get aheadthat someone in authority will reach down and give you a promotion,“ she adds. “Most
17、 women and blacks are so frightened that people will think theyve gotten ahead because of their sex or color that they play down (使不突出) their visibility.“ Her advice to those folks: learn the ways that white males have traditionally used to find their way into the spotlight.6 According to the passag
18、e, “things formerly judged to be best left unsaid“ (Line 2, Para. 1) probably refers to “_“.（A）criticisms that shape everyones experience（B） the opinions which contradict the established beliefs（C） the tendencies that help the newcomers to see office matters with a fresh eye（D）the ideas which usuall
19、y come up with new ways of management in the organization 7 To achieve success in your career, the most important factor, according to the passage, is to _.（A）let your superiors know how good you are（B） project a favorable image to the people around you（C） work as a consultant to your superiors（D）pe
20、rform well your tasks given by your superiors 8 The reason why women and blacks play down their visibility is that they _.（A）know that someone in authority will reach down and give them a promotion（B） want to give people the impression that they work under false beliefs（C） dont want people to think
21、that their promotions were due to sex or color（D）believe they can get promoted by reason of their sex or color 9 The author is of the opinion that Colemans beliefs are _.（A）biased（B） popular（C） insightful（D）superficial MBA（英语）阅读理解练习试卷 23 答案与解析一、Section III Reading ComprehensionDirections: Read the f
22、ollowing four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 此题为释义题。如果孤立地看 liability 一词，很难断定它的词义，但是如果结合上下文，那么它的意思很容易就可以看出。该词出现在文章的第一段，因此只需将这部分读懂就可以推断出该词的意思。第一段前面部分都是有关美貌的种种好处，最后用了表示转折的连词 but，那么下面的意思肯定与前面的内容相
23、反，即美貌的不利之处，而且文章后面的内容也主要淡美貌的种种不利之处，因此liability 的意思很可能就是“不利之处”，所以 C 为正确答案。 liability 一词在词典中也包含“不利条件”这层意思。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据题中关键词 traditionally female jobs，找到第六段的第三句为解此题的依据。该句说：“因此，有吸引力的女人在传统的女性职业中占有优势。”即传统女性的职业要求女性要有吸引力。将四个选项与之一一对照，只有 A 最合适，它说：“在传统的女性职业中，女性有吸引力增强了这些职业所要求的女性特征。”因此，A 为正确答案。【
24、知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 根据题中的信息，找到最后两小段为解题的依据，最后两小段谈到有吸引力在政治方面的影响，最后一段讲到了 Bowman 的实验结果：“相貌出众的男候选人最终击败了相貌平庸的男候选人，而被认为是最漂亮的女候选人却总是获得最低的支持率。”根据这部分内容可以得出 D 为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据常识，我们知道，一个人的相貌和他(她)的工作态度、能力等并没有固定的、必然的联系，而文章讨论的内容是，人们认为这两点有联系，因此人们对于美貌的看法是“有偏见的”而不是“实际的”、“过时的”或“激进的”，因此B 为正确答
25、案。【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 此题问作者写这篇文章的目的。综观全文，文章主要讨论美貌或有吸引力对某些职业的不利影响，因此 A 为正确选项。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 解此题需对全文有一个大概的了解。文章一开始说：“妇女和少数民族进入管理层的人数越多，他们就越想讨论以前被认为最好不说的一些事情。”接着文章就一种看似 ridiculous 的看法展开讨论。很明显，人们想讨论的就是这种看似荒唐，也就是与人们以前的想法相冲突的想法，因此 B 为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解7 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 此题问：为了在
26、职业生涯中获得成功，在文中看来，最重要的因素是什么?文章第二段提到了这方面的内容。“Coleman 认为，导致成功的要素的比重是：实绩仅占 10%，形象占 30%，自我表现占 60%升职往往依赖于有多少人了解你和你的工作情况以及这些人的职位如何。”在第三段，作者认为这种想法并不荒唐，他是赞同这个想法的，因此 A 为正确答案，即在本文看来，要想在职业生涯中获得成功，最重要的因素是让你的上级了解你是如何出色。【知识模块】 阅读理解8 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 此题问：为什么妇女和黑人不愿自我表现?根据题中的信息找到最后一段 Kaleel Jamison 所说的话为解此题的依据。她最后说：“很多妇女和黑人担心人们会认为他们的升职是因为他们的性别和肤色，因此他们不喜欢表现自己。”因此 C 为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解9 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 此题问：作者对 Coleman 提出的看法的态度如何?文章第二段阐述了 Coleman 提出的看法，第三段发表了自己的看法：“这些想法荒唐吗?对于许多的人来说并不荒唐。”因此 C 为正确答案：作者认为 Coleman 的想法“有见地”，而不是“有偏向”、“很受欢迎”或“肤浅”。【知识模块】 阅读理解
