1、考研英语（一）模拟试卷 195 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd., one of the six companies, created out of the privatized national railway
2、 system. In an industry lacking exciting growth 【B1】_ its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations 【B2】 _ is drawing interest.In a plan called “Station Renaissance“ that it 【B3】_ in November, JR East said that it would 【B4 】_ using its commercial spaces for shops and restaurants,
3、extending them to 【B5】_ more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up 【B6】_ for such goods as books, flowers and groceries 【B7】 _ over the Internet. In a country where city 【B8】_ depend heavily on trains 【B9】_ commuting, about 16 million people a day go to its train stati
4、ons anyway, the company 【B10】_ So, picking up commodities at train stations. 【B11 】_ consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its station 【B12】_ stores for this purpose, but it plans to create 【B13 】_ spaces for the delivery of Internet goods.The company also
5、 plans to introduce 【B14】_ cards-known in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit for 【B15 】 _ information 【B16 】_ train tickets and commuter passes 【B17】_ the magnetic ones used today, integrating them into a/an 【B18 】_ pass. This will save the company money, because 【B19】_ for IC car
6、ds are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased use of IC cards should also 【B20 】_ the space needed for ticket vending.1 【B1 】（A）perspectives（B） outlooks（C） prospects（D）spectacles2 【B2 】（A）creatively（B） originally（C） authentically（D）initially3 【B3 】（A）displayed（B） demonstrated（C） embark
7、ed（D）unveiled4 【B4 】（A）go beyond（B） set out（C） come around（D）spread over5 【B5 】（A）applications（B） enterprises（C） functions（D）performances6 【B6 】（A）districts（B） vicinities（C） resorts（D）locations7 【B7 】（A）acquired（B） purchased（C） presided（D）attained8 【B8 】（A）lodgers（B） tenants（C） dwellers（D）boarders9
8、【B9 】（A）for（B） in（C） of（D）as10 【B10 】（A）figures（B） exhibits（C） convinces（D）speculates11 【B11 】（A）deprives（B） retrieves（C） spares（D）exempts12 【B12 】（A）conjunction（B） convenience（C） department（D）ornament13 【B13 】（A）delegated（B） designated（C） devoted（D）dedicated14 【B14 】（A）clever（B） smart（C） ingenious（
9、D）intelligent15 【B15 】（A）checking（B） gathering（C） holding（D）accommodating16 【B16 】（A）as（B） for（C） with（D）of17 【B17 】（A）but for（B） as well as（C） instead of（D）more than18 【B18 】（A）unique（B） single（C） unitary（D）only19 【B19 】（A）devices（B） instruments（C） readers（D）examiners20 【B20 】（A）reduce（B） narrow（C）
10、 dwarf（D）shrinkPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 Menorca or Majorca? It is that time of the year again. The brochures are piling up in travel agents while newspapers and magazines bulge with advice about wher
11、e to go. But the traditional packaged holiday, a British innovation that provided many timid natives with their first experience of warm sand, is not what it was. Indeed, the industry is anxiously awaiting a High Court ruling to find out exactly what it now is.Two things have changed the way Britons
12、 research and book their holidays: low-cost airlines and the Internet. Instead of buying a ready-made package consisting of a flight, hotel, car hire and assorted entertainment from a tour operators brochure, it is now convenient to put together a trip using an online travel agent like Expedia or Tr
13、avelocity , which last July bought Lastminute. com for 577 million, or from the proliferating websites of airlines, hotels and car-rental firms.This has led some to sound the death knell for high-street travel agents and tour operators. There have been upheavals and closures, but the traditional fir
14、ms are starting to fight back, in part by moving more of their business online. First Choice Holidays, for instance, saw its pre-tax profit rise by 16% to 114 million in the year to the end of October. Although the total number of holidays booked has fallen, the company is concentrating on more valu
15、able long-haul and adventure trips. First Choice now sells more than half its trips directly, either through the Internet, over the telephone or from its own travel shops. It wants that to reach 75% within a few years.Other tour operators are showing similar hustle. MyTravel managed to cut its loss
16、by almost half in 2005. Thomas Cook and Thomson Holidays, now both German owned, are also bullish about the coming holiday season. Highstreet travel agents are having a tougher time, though, not least because many leading tour operations have cut the commissions they pay.Some high-street travel agen
17、ts are also learning to live with the Internet, helping people book complicated trips which they have researched online, providing advice and tacking on other services. This is seen as a growth area. But if an agent puts together separate flights, and hotel accommodation, is that a package, too?The
18、Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) says it is and the agent should hold an Air Travel Organisers Licence, which provides financial guarantees to repatriate people and provide refunds. The scheme dates from the early 1970s, when some large British travel firms went bust, stranding customers on the Costas
19、. Although such failures are less common these days, the CAA had to help out some 30,000 people last year. The Association of British Travel Agents went to the High Court in November to argue such bookings are not traditional packages and so do not require agents to acquire the costly licences. Whil
20、e the court decides, millions of Britons will happily click away buying online holidays, unaware of the difference.21 Based on the first paragraph, which of the followings could be the title of text?（A）An annual holiday.（B） A High Court ruling.（C） A new package.（D）A British innovation.22 The text su
21、ggests that the shift in the method of holiday booking in UK is associated with（A）the popularity of electronics.（B） the costly licences.（C） hotels and car rental firms.（D）the traditional ideology.23 According to the text, which of the following is true?（A）To put together a trip using a traditional t
22、ravel agent is not hard at present.（B） To sound the death knell for tour operator is unacceptable and inhumane.（C） Some high-street travel agents defy the model of surviving with the Internet.（D）Traditional tour firms grapple with the Internet.24 The word “hustle“ in the topic sentence of the fourth
23、 paragraph most probably denotes（A）demand.（B） hostility.（C） sale.（D）prejudice.25 According to the first and last paragraphs, which of the following is still in suspense?（A）A legal definition.（B） A congestion charge.（C） Financial guarantee.（D）An adventure trip.25 The Bush administration is going to p
24、ropose far-reaching new rules which would give people with disabilities greater access to tens of thousands of courtrooms, swimming pools, golf courses, stadiums, theaters, hotels and retail stores. The proposal would substantially update and rewrite federal standards for enforcement of the American
25、s With Disabilities Act, which is a landmark civil rights law passed with strong bipartisan support in 19 90. The new rules would set more stringent requirements in a lot of areas and address some issues for the first time, in an effort to meet the needs of an aging population and increasing numbers
26、 of disabled war veterans.More than seven million businesses and all state and local government agencies would be influenced. The proposal includes some exemptions for parts of existing buildings, but any new construction or renovations would have to comply. The new standards would affect everything
27、 from the location of light switches to the height of retail service counters, to the use of monkeys as “service animals“ for people with disabilities, which would be forbidden.The White House approved the proposal in May after a five-month review. It will be published in the Federal Register on Tue
28、sday, with 6 0 days for public comment. After considering those comments, the government would issue final rules with the force of law. Already, the proposal is stirring concern. The United States Chamber of Commerce says it would be onerous and costly, while advocates for disabled Americans say it
29、does not go far enough.Since the disability law was signed by the first President Bush, advances in technology have made services more available to people with disabilities. But Justice Department officials said they were still receiving large numbers of complaints. In recent months, the federal gov
30、ernment has settled lawsuits securing more seats for disabled fans at Madison Square Garden in New York and at the nations largest college football stadium, at the University of Michigan.The Justice Department acknowledged that some of the changes would have significant costs. But over all, it said,
31、 the value of the public benefits, estimated at ￥54 billion, exceeds the expected costs of ￥23 billion. In an economic analysis of the proposed rules, the Justice Department said the need for an accessible environment was greater than ever because the Iraq war was “creating a new generation of young
32、 men and women with disabilities.“ John L. Wodatch, chief of the disability rights section of the Justice Department, said: “Disability is inherent in the human condition. The vast majority of individuals who are fortunate enough to reach an advanced age will benefit from the proposed requirements.“
33、26 Which of the followings is true about the Bush administrations proposal of new rules?（A）It is made on behalf of the aging people and disabled former army men.（B） It is a revised edition of the Americans With Disabilities Act.（C） It is a landmark civil rights law with the supports from both Partie
34、s.（D）It is the first proposal setting stricter requirement for some issues.27 The current public comments on the proposal are（A）pleasant.（B） impractical.（C） inconsistent.（D）accordant.28 The case of securing more seats for disabled fans is mentioned in paragraph 4 to（A）illustrate the Justice Departme
35、nt officials heavy burden.（B） prove the disabled fans enthusiasm for sport-events.（C） indicate the low efficiency of modern technology.（D）exemplify the inadequacy of the accessible service for the disabled.29 We can learn from the last paragraph that the proposed rules would（A）be costly and impose p
36、ressure on the government.（B） be profitable and bring interests to citizens.（C） be beneficial to both the aged and the disabled.（D）be a compensate to those Iraq war victims.30 Which of the followings could be the title of the Text?（A）Expensive Changes Proposed by Bush（B） Plan Seeks More Access for D
37、isabled（C） The Revision of the Americans With Disabilities Act（D）Comments on the Governmental Proposal30 Artificial hearts have long been the stuff of science fiction. In “Robocop“, snazzy cardiac devices are made by Yamaha and Jensen, and in “Star Trek“, Jean-Luc Picard, captain of the Enterprise,
38、has one implanted in the year 2328. In the present day, however, their history has been more chequered. The first serious attempt to build one happened in the 1980s, when Jarvik-7, made by Robert Jarvik, a surgeon at the University of Utah, captured the worlds attention. But Jarvik-7 was a complicat
39、ed affair that needed to be connected via tubes to machines outside the body. The patient could not go home, nor even turn around in bed. Scientists have tried many other designs, but all were seen as temporary expedients intended to tide a patient over until the real thing became available from a h
40、uman donor.That may be about to change. This week, Americas Food and Drug Administration gave its approval to a new type of artificial heart made by Abiomed, a firm based near Boston. The agency granted a “humanitarian device exemption“ , a restricted form of approval that will allow doctors to impl
41、ant the new device in people whose hearts are about to fail but who cannot, for reasons such as intolerance of the immunosuppressive drugs needed to stop rejection, receive a transplant. Such people have a life expectancy of less than a month, but a dozen similarly hopeless patients implanted with A
42、biomeds heart survived for about five months.Unlike Dr. Jarviks device, this newfangled bundle of titanium and polyurethane aims to set the patient free. An electric motor which revolves up to 10,000 times a minute pushes an incompressible fluid around the Abiomed heart, and that fluid, in turn, pus
43、hes the bloodfirst to the lungs to be oxygenated, and then around the body. Power is supplied by an electric current generated in a pack outside the body. This induces current in the motor inside the heart. All diagnostics are done remotely, using radio signals. There are no tubes or wires coming ou
44、t of the patient.The charger is usually plugged into the mains, but if armed with a battery it can be carried around for hours in a vest or backpack, thus allowing the patient to roam freely. Most strikingly, the devices internal battery can last half an hour before it needs recharging. That allows
45、someone time to take a shower or even go for a quick swim without having to wear the charger.Abiomeds chairman, Michael Minogue, does not claim that his firms product will displace human transplants. Even so, the firm has big ambitions. It is already developing a new version that will be 30% smaller
46、 (meaning more women can use it) and will last for five years. That should be ready by 2008320 years earlier than the writers of “Star Trek“ predicted.31 “Star Trek“ is mentioned in the text in order to（A）depict the long history of artificial hearts in science fiction.（B） enumerate artificial hearts
47、 of all sorts on sale.（C） provide background for the discussion of artificial hearts.（D）emphasize the great efforts made by Yamaha and Jensen in the development of artificial hearts.32 It can be concluded from the second paragraph that（A）the regulatory approval is limited with respect to the scope o
48、f application.（B） the life expectancy will not be improved compared with that indicated by the current record.（C） Americas Food and Drug Administration gave its approval to a new type of artificial heart.（D）Doctors will implant the new device in patients whose hearts are about to fail.33 Compared wi
49、th Jarviks heart, Abiomeds is advanced in that（A）the former does not need connecting tubes outside the body of a patient.（B） the latter needs tubes or wires coming out of patients.（C） the former allows patients to go home and even turn around in bed.（D）the latter sets patients free due to the fact that there are no tubes or wires coming out of the patients.34 According to the text, the current research concentrates on（A）the charger.（B） duration of the device.（C） the i
