1、考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 325 及答案与解析Part B (10 points) 0 AShopkeepers are your friendsBRemember to treat yourselfCStick to what you needDPlanning is everythingEWaste not, want notFLive like a peasantGBalance your dietThe hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with
2、 living on benefits. After bills, Tony has 60 a week to spend, 40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning 130,000 a year working in corporate communications and eating at Londons best restaurants at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking b
3、ecame serious.“The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that Id lost. But its still a day-by-day thing.“ Now hes living in a council flat and fielding offers fr
4、om literary agents. Hes feeling positive, but hell carry on Hoggingnot about eating as cheaply as you can“there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food“but eating well on a budget. Here s his advice for economical foodies.【C1 】_Impulsive spending isnt an opti
5、on, so plan your weeks menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it s not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. It s also a good idea to shop daily instead o
6、f weekly, because, being-human, youll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.【C2 】_This is where supermarkets and their anonymity come in handy. With them, theres not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan properly, youll know that you only
7、 need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.【C3 】_You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezerthat s not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning ahead should elimina
8、te wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables youll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to “go off“ will be cooked or juiced.【C4 】_Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super fr
9、iendly. Soon youll feel comfortable asking if theyve any knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, they 11 let you have for free.【C5 】_You wont be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every few months treat
10、yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant 1.75 a week for three months gives you 21more than enough for a three-course lunch at Michelin-starred Arbutus. It s 16.95 thereor 12.99 for a large pizza from Domino s: I know which I d rather eat.1 【C1 】2 【C2 】3 【C3 】4 【C4 】5 【C5 】5 AAnalyzing your own
11、taste.BBeing cautious when experimenting.CFinding a model to follow.DGetting the final look absolutely right.ELearning to be realistic.FMaking regular conscious choices.GHow to judge people.When we meet people for the first time, we often make decisions about them based entirely on how they look. An
12、d, of course its something that works both ways, for we too are beingjudged on our appearance. When we look good, we feel good, which in turn leads to a more confident and self-assured manner. People then pick up on this confidence and respond positively towards us. Undoubtedly, it s what s inside t
13、hats important, but sometimes we can send out the wrong signals simply by wearing inappropriate clothing or not spending enough time thinking about how others see us.【C1 】_For example, people often make the mistake of trying to look like someone else theyve seen in a magazine, but this is usually a
14、disaster as we all have our own characteristics. Stand in front of a full-length mirror and be honest with yourself about what you see. There is no need to dwell on your faultswe all have good points and bad pointsbut think instead about the best way to emphasize the good ones.【C2 】_When selecting y
15、our clothes each day, think about who you re likely to meet, when youre going to be spending most of your time and what tasks you are likely to perform. Clearly, some outfits will be more appropriate to different sorts of activity and this will dictate your choice to an extent. However, theres no ne
16、ed to abandon your individual taste completely. After all, if you dress to please somebody elses idea of what looks good, you may end up feeling uncomfortable and not quite yourself.【C3 】_But to know your own mind, you have to get to know yourself. What do you truly feel good in? There are probably
17、a few favorite items that you wear a lotmost people wear 20 percent of their wardrobe 80 percent of the time. Look at these clothes and ask yourself what they have in common. Are they neat and tidy, loose and flowing? Then look at the things hanging in your wardrobe that you don t wear and ask yours
18、elf why. Go through a few magazines and catalogues and mark the things that catch your eye. Is there a common theme?【C4 】_Some colors bring your natural coloring to life and others can give us a washed-out appearance. Try out new colors by all means, but remember that dressing iii bright color when
19、you really like subtle neutral tones, or vice versa, will make you feel self-conscious and uncomfortable. You know deep down where your own taste boundaries lie. And although it s good to challenge those sometimes with new combinations or shades, take care not to go too far all at once.【C5 】_So, you
20、ve chosen an outfit that matches your style, your personality, your shape and your coloring. But does it fit? If something is too tight or too loose, you won t achieve the desired effect, and no matter what other qualities it has, it won t improve your appearance or your confidence. Sometimes, we bu
21、y things without thinking. Some people who dislike shopping grab the first thing they see, or prefer to use mail-order or the Internet. In all cases, if it doesnt fit perfectly, dont buy it, because the finer details are just as important as the overall style.Reappraising your image isn t selfish be
22、cause everyone who comes into contact with you will benefit. You 11 look better and you 11 feel a better person all round. And If in doubt, you only need to read Professor Albert Mehrabian s book Silent Messages to remind yourself how important outward appearances are. His research showed that the i
23、mpact we make on each other depend 55 percent on how we look and behave, 38 percent on how we speak and only 7 percent on what we actually say. So, whatever stage you are at in your life, whatever role you play, isn t it time you made the most of yourself?6 【C1 】7 【C2 】8 【C3 】9 【C4 】10 【C5 】10 APhys
24、ical ChangesBLow Self-EsteemCEmerging Independence and Search for IdentityDEmotional TurbulenceEInterest in the Opposite SexFPeer Pressure and ConformityThe transition to adulthood is difficult. Rapid physical growth begins in early adolescencetypically between the ages of 9 and 13and thought proces
25、ses start to take on adult characteristics. Many youngsters find these changes distressing because they do not fully understand what is happening to them. Fears and anxieties can be put to rest by simply keeping an open line of communication and preparing for change before it occurs. The main issues
26、 that arise during adolescence are:【C1 】_A child s self worth is particularly fragile during adolescence. Teenagers often struggle with an overwhelming sense that nobody likes them, that theyre not as good as other people, that they are failures, losers, ugly or unintelligent.【C2 】_Some form of bodi
27、ly dissatisfaction is common among pre-teens. If dissatisfaction is great, it may cause them to become shy or very easily embarrassed. In other cases, teens may act the oppositeloud and angryin an effort to compensate for feelings of self-consciousness and inferiority. As alarming as these bodily ch
28、anges can be, adolescents may find it equally distressing to not experience the changes at the same time as their peers. Late maturation can cause feelings of inferiority and awkwardness.【C3 】_Young people feel more strongly about everything during adolescence. Fears become more frightening, pleasur
29、es become more exciting, irritations become more distressing and frustrations become more intolerable. Every experience appears king-sized during adolescence. Youngsters having a difficult adolescence may become seriously depressed and / or engage in self-destructive behavior. Often, the first clue
30、that a teenager needs professional help is a deep-rooted shift in attitude and behavior. Parents should be alert to the warning signs of personality change indicating that a teenager needs help. They include repeated school absences, slumping grades, use of alcohol or illegal substances, hostile or
31、dangerous behavior and extreme withdrawal and reclusiveness. 【C4】 _There is tremendous pressure on adolescents to conform to the standards of their peers. This pressure toward conformity can be dangerous in that it applies not only to clothing and hairstyles; it may lead them to do things that they
32、know are wrong.【C5 】_Adolescence marks a period of increasing independence that often leads to conflict between teenagers and parents. This tension is a normal part of growing upand for parents, a normal part of the letting-go process. Another normal part of adolescence is confusion over values and
33、beliefs. This time of questioning is important as young people examine the values they have been taught and begin to embrace their own beliefs. Though they may adopt the same beliefs as their parents, discovering them on their own enables the young person to develop a sense of integrity.Although ado
34、lescence will present challenges for young people and their parents, awareness and communication can help pave the way for a smooth transition into this exciting phase of life.11 【C1 】12 【C2 】13 【C3 】14 【C4 】15 【C5 】考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 325 答案与解析Part B (10 points) 【知识模块】 阅读1 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 段落首句谈到“冲动消费是不可取的，
35、所以提前计划好你每周的菜单，给你的食材按精确的数量制定购物清单。”首句中出现了因果逻辑关联词 so，而下文又没有出现明显转折，因此首句是本段的中心句。进而举例说作者专门为此做了一个电子表格，这样做不仅花钱少而且有助于均衡饮食。显然本段的中心在于首句谈到的“plan”，而不是 G 项“balance your diet”，故答案为 D 项。【知识模块】 阅读2 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 段落第二句话中的代词“them”指代第一句中的“supermarkets and their anonymity”。该句通过这一指代顺接第一句，表达了一个否定的含义，即你不需要在小贩那里感到尴尬。紧接着第三句
36、用肯定的语气指出“if you plan properlyyoull know that you only need350g of shin ofbeef”即如果你合理地规划，你就会清楚你需要多少，而不是超市提前打包好的分量。作者通过语义上层层递进的方式指出了这一段的中心：你需要什么就买什么，对你所需要购买的东西的分量要坚持。因此 C 项正确。【知识模块】 阅读3 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 本段首先谈到“你可能会很自豪地宣称在冰箱里只有冻豌豆那还是不够好”。这句话中虽然没有明显的转折词，但在语义上属于隐性转折，因此段落的重点应该在后面。第二句提到“Mine is filled with”
37、，其中 Mine 指 my freezer，通过指代顺接上一句话。接着第三句前半句指出“提前做好计划可以避免浪费”，后半句具体陈述了怎样避免浪费。其中“eliminate wastage”与 E 项中的“waste not“构成同义复现。虽然该句中出现了 planning，但是本段的主要内容是谈到对于剩余的食物要尽可能充分利用，从而避免浪费。所以 E 项谈到“不浪费，不愁缺”，为正确选项。【知识模块】 阅读4 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 该段首句句内出现转折，重点在转折之后。首句 but 后提到“it really is a top tip”，即“这真是个极好的提议”。那么首先要还原 it
38、所指代的内容。第二句提到“Shop at butchersregularly and be super friendly”。其中“be friendly”通过词性转换和 A 项中的“are your friends”构成同义复现。同时，根据就近指代原则，这也是 it 所指代的内容。最后一句描述了对店主友好带来的好处：通常他们都会免费给你，因此 A 项正确。【知识模块】 阅读5 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 该段首句句内出现转折，重点在转折之后。首句 but 后提到“要节省每一便士，并且每几个月请自己到好点的餐厅吃顿午餐”。之后的信息都是在用数据解释这个道理，因此本句是该段中心句。B 项中出现了
39、“treat yourself” ，是原文复现，因此 B 项正确。【知识模块】 阅读【知识模块】 阅读6 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 首先浏览全文，把握文章大意。通过对该文章首尾两段的阅读，可以得知这篇文章主要论述的是个人着装问题。其次浏览选项，确定选项的主要内容和意思。A：分析个人品味，B：小心翼翼地尝试， C：找一个模仿的榜样，D：让最终的形象完美无缺，E：学会现实，F：经常做有意识的选择， G：怎样评价他人。然后阅读本题所在段落。在本段中，作者举例说明，我们每个人都有自己的个性特点，所以没有必要去盲目地模仿他人。而且每个人都各有所长，各有所短，人不应该停留在自己的缺点上，而应该充分展示
40、自己的优点。从这番评述中可以看出，作者建议我们对自身保持一个客观的态度，也就是现实的态度，而不要盲从。因此E 项正确。【知识模块】 阅读7 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 本段的第一句话提到，每天选择衣服时，都要考虑一下自己要和谁见面，出现在何种场合，面对的是什么样的任务。这也就说明：选择衣服不是一件马马虎虎、随意而为之的事情，而需要认真选择，不要完全放弃自己的个人品位。F 项中，作者建议我们，经常做有意识的选择，正是说的这个意思。其中 regular和 each day 相照应。【知识模块】 阅读8 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 在本段的开始作者提出一种观点，即要想了解你自己的想法，必须先认识
41、你自己。作者大段的论述后，概括起来就是：你最喜欢什么样的衣服，最不喜欢什么样的衣服，即个人喜好问题，而事实上，所谓的个人喜好就是个人品位。因此 A 项正确。【知识模块】 阅读9 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 上一段作者就个人品位问题作了一番论述，并关于如何发现个人品位给了一些建议。在个人品位已经确定的基础上，接下来的事情就是挑选和尝试了。与上面提到段落不同的是本段的段落主旨句不在句首而在句尾。作者以颜色为例告诉读者，虽然尝试一些新的东西是件不错的事情，但应该注意不要走极端。细心的考生在本段可以发现一个同义词组 try out 和 challenge，前者是尝试的意思，一般指尝试某种新事物，后者
42、为挑战的意思，也可用于指对未知的事物做出的尝试。而且这两个词与 B 项中的 experiment 意思相近，experiment 一种解释为“试验”，另一种解释就是“尝试”。在本段最后一句话中，还出现了 take care 一词，与 B 项中的 cautious 相呼应。因此 B 项为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读10 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 本段段首词 so 起到了承上启下的作用。前面几段中作者提到了如何挑选衣服，如何确定自己的品位，如何谨慎地去尝试。在这一段落的开始，作者指出：现在你已经挑选了从个性、外形、颜色上来说都很适合你的衣服，需要注意的是之后提出的问题 But does it
43、fit?(但它适合你吗)。接着作者指出：事实上，如果一件衣服不是完全合适的话，就不应该购买。然后再看文章的最后一段，作者开始泛谈个人形象以及再评价它的重要性，已经不再具体谈如何着装，由此可以推知，此处内容应该是关于如何着装、如何购买服装的最后建议，因此可确定 D 项为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读【知识模块】 阅读11 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 第一段先论述过渡到成年期是很艰难的，倒数第二句(该段的主题句)指出通过开放性交流和在变化来临前做好准备就能消除(青春期的)恐惧和焦虑情绪。末句是过渡句，主要作用是引出下面的内容。本题所在段落即第二段的主题句是第一句，即青春期孩子的自我价值感特别脆弱。
44、后面的内容具体论述其表现。主题句中的关键词是 self-worth，它与 B 项中的 self-esteem 是同义词。该段中的其他关键词或表达，如 nobody likes them，not as good，failtires，losers，uglyor unintelligent 正好可以用 B 项 low self-esteem 一并概括。【知识模块】 阅读12 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 第三段第一句(主题句)提到，学龄儿童中普遍存在着某种形式的对自己身体的不满。接着该段论述了这种不满的两种极端表现：过分羞涩和异常愤怒。最后两句话补充道，晚熟(即不和同龄人同时经历身体变化)会造成自卑
45、感和呆板。因此该段的关键词是 bodily dissatisfaction 和 bodily changes。对应的选项是A 项 physical changes。这一题的干扰在于段落中出现了 self-consciousness，inferiority，而它们和 B 项是同义表达。但是考生应记住一个重要的原则；一定要与主题句、主题词对应。第三段中虽然出现了表示“自卑”含义的词语，但整个段落的主旨内容是说明青少年对自己身体变化的不满，提到“自卑”是论述这些变化引起的后果。【知识模块】 阅读13 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 第四段首句(主题句)提到，青春期的年轻人对一切的感觉都更强烈。接着文章
46、论述了这种强烈情感的表现：恐惧、兴奋、苦恼、无法忍受、异常沮丧乃至从事自我毁灭行为。最后文章指出父母从孩子态度和行为上的转变应明白他们需要专业人员的帮助。主题句中的主题词是 feelmore strongly它和 D 项中emotional turbulence 对应。而该段中其他的关键词fears，frightening，pleasures ，exciting，irritations，distressing，frustrations 等显然都和 D 项中的 emotional 属于上下义的关系。【知识模块】 阅读14 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 第五段共两句话。首句(主题句)指出，巨大的压
47、力促使着青少年去符合同辈人的标准。第二句则分析这种压力带来的后果。该段主题句中出现了 F项的关键词 pressure 和 conformity，而且该段也主要围绕从众心理给青少年带来的压力展开论述，因此 F 项正确。【知识模块】 阅读15 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 第六段没有出现明显的主题句，需要对段落内容进行概括。该段首句提到，青春期标志着一个不断独立的时期。接着，文章从青少年和父母的冲突角度阐述“独立”的含义。该段第三句提到，青春期的另一个必然的经历是对价值观和信念的困惑。接着指出这种经历有利于青少年形成自己完整的人格。该段的主题词包括：increasing independence，embrace their own beliefs，asense of integrity。它们和 C 项中的关键词 independence 和 identity 相对应。整个段落也围绕青少年的独立和寻求认同展开论述。【知识模块】 阅读
