1、大学英语六级（2013 年 12 月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 160（无答案）一、Part I Writing1 Nowadays, many universities offer mental health classes to their students. Write a composition entitled The Necessity of Mental Health Education for College Students. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your es
2、say on Answer Sheet 1.Section A（A）Redwood trees.（B） Forest fires.（C） San Francisco.（D）Survival skills.（A）It has a good view of the coast.（B） It is near San Francisco.（C） It has no admission fee.（D）It can be seen in one hour.（A）800 years.（B） 400 years.（C） 550 years.（D）2,000 years.（A）Coastal isolation
3、.（B） Resistant bark and damp climate.（C） Absence of natural enemies.（D）Cool weather and daily fog.（A）Find his glasses.（B） Sit up straight.（C） Change his tries.（D）Get enough rest.（A）Experimental medicines.（B） Special treatment centers.（C） Flexible work schedule.（D）Innovative physical exercises.（A）He
4、sleeps too much.（B） He walks in his sleep.（C） His biological clock has been messed up recently.（D）He has been ill for few weeks.（A）Buy a new watch.（B） Go to bed earlier.（C） See a doctor.（D）Change his job.Section B（A）There were only grandparents and children.（B） There was one father, one mother, and
5、their children.（C） There were many relatives.（D）There were two or more brothers with their wives.（A）The women have more freedom and can share in decisions.（B） The women do not have to be the heads of the family.（C） The womens relatives do not help them.（D）The women have all the power of the family.（
6、A）Husbands have to share housework with their wives.（B） Older women often live alone when their husbands die.（C） Family structure is more patriarchal in the nuclear family.（D）Women have to help sisters, grandparents with housework and childcare.（A）They want to stay at home and do the housework.（B） T
7、hey do not have enough money.（C） They have too much work and not much free time.（D）They have more freedom than in the past.（A）By greeting each other very politely.（B） By exchanging their views on public affairs.（C） By displaying their feelings and emotions.（D）By asking each other some personal quest
8、ions.（A）Refrain from showing his feelings.（B） Express his opinion frankly.（C） Argue fiercely.（D）Yell loudly.（A）Getting rich quickly.（B） Distinguishing oneself.（C） Respecting individual rights.（D）Doing credit to ones community.Section C（A）They invited some historians to introduce the local history.（B
9、） Students could choose to write in pairs.（C） A third-grade teacher checked the special terms in their writing.（D）All the above.（A）Because she wanted to show what the stories were about.（B） Because this was the most interesting story the students has written.（C） Because she wanted to show that the s
10、tories were revised to be faithful to the history.（D）Because this was a famous event in the history.（A）Each student was responsible for one story.（B） Computer students first had to decide whether a story was good or not.（C） Webpages were created using Dreamweaver.（D）Irene had elementary students pic
11、k the webpages that they liked best.（A）A good teacher can teach several subjects.（B） A good teacher can involve students from different fields.（C） A good teacher should invite more experts to the class.（D）A good teacher should have background knowledge of several subjects.（A）The meaning of facial ex
12、pressions depends on situations.（B） Facial expressions can cause misunderstanding across culture.（C） People from one culture may lack facial expressions because they experience less emotion.（D）Facial expressions may disguise true feelings.（A）They smile to cover embarrassment.（B） It is an unusual and
13、 even suspicious behavior.（C） They smile to show politeness.（D）It is an expression of pleasure.（A）We shouldnt judge people by reading their faces.（B） We shouldnt smile in the wrong place.（C） We shouldnt cover our true feelings.（D）We shouldnt express our emotions too openly.（A）Because they are poor.（
14、B） Because they are in trouble with the law.（C） Because conditions favored the old life are gone forever.（D）Because they dont want to adopt the white mans ways.（A）A narrow strip of land.（B） A manufacture bridge.（C） A narrow strait.（D）An island.（A）More than 300.（B） Less than 300.（C） Less than 200.（D）
15、At least 200.Section A26 There are a great many books, web sites, and training【C1】_today more or less dedicated to the idea that being bored is a major sin, for which the only【C2 】_is to find ways to be busy and productive every waking moment. People who follow this【C3】_are constantly on-the-go and
16、feelings of boredom quickly smothered with yet more activities.At work, at home, at play, each【C4】_must be filled with things to ward off the slightest possibility of being bored. As a society, were over-stimulated to the point of mania, like hyper-excited children in those few moments at a party be
17、fore it all goes wrong and everyone starts crying. I suspect the rise in ADHD isnt only【C5】_to eating strange chemicals in the diet: were training ourselves to require continual distraction, reducing our attention-span to less than a few seconds before were bored again.It used to be only teenagers w
18、ho【C6】_. “Im so bored!“ Now almost everyone acts as if not having something truly exciting to do every moment is cither the first sign of senility or much wore positive proof that they, and their【C7】_are gone, past it, over the hill, on the way towards oblivion.Yet boredom is, in reality, crucial to
19、 any ability to be truly productive, let【C8】_effective. If youre flat-out busy and engaged all the time, you may feel important, but the reality is【C9】_. Its those who are constantly【C10】_with activities that are most likely to be headed towards a nasty let-down.A)alone B)careers C)courses D)cure E)
20、differentF)dissatisfied G)distracted H)due I)felt J)ideaK)moment L)sighed M)thanks N)time O)way27 【C1 】28 【C2 】29 【C3 】30 【C4 】31 【C5 】32 【C6 】33 【C7 】34 【C8 】35 【C9 】36 【C10 】Section B36 In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains inf
21、ormation given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Wal-MartAWal-Mart is more than just the
22、 worlds largest retailer. It is an economic force, a cultural phenomenon and a lightning rod for controversy. It all started with a simple philosophy from founder Sam Walton: offer shoppers lower prices than they get anywhere else. That basic strategy has shaped Wal-Marts culture and driven the comp
23、anys growth.BNow that Wal-Mart is so huge, it has unprecedented power to shape labor markets globally and change the way entire industries operate.History of Wal-MartCSam Walton opened his first five-and-dime in 1950. His vision was to keep prices as low as possible. Even if his margins werent as fa
24、t as competitors, he figured he could make up for that in volume. He was right.DIn the early 1960s, Walton opened his first Wal-Mart in Rogers, Arkansas. The company continued to grow, going public in 1970 and adding more stores every year. In 1990, Wal-Mart surpassed key rival Kmart in size. Two ye
25、ars later, it surpassed Sears. EWalton continued to drive an old pickup truck and share budget-hotel rooms with colleagues on business trips, even after War-Mart made him very rich. He demanded that his employees also keep expenses to a bare minimum a mentality that is still at the heart of Wal-Mart
26、 culture more than decade after Waltons death. The company has continued to grow rapidly after his death in 1992 and now operates four retail divisions Wal-Mart Super Centers, War-Mart Discount Stores, Neighborhood Market Stores and Sams Club Warehouses.Wal-Mart StrategyFLets start with technology.
27、Wal-Mart pushed the retail industry to establish the universal bar code, which forced manufacturers to adopt common labeling. The bar code allowed retailers to generate all kinds of information creating a subtle shift of power from manufacturers to retailers. Wal-Mart became especially good at explo
28、iting the information behind the bar code. And thus it is considered a pioneer in developing sophisticated technology to track its stock and cut the fat out of its supply chain.GRecently, Wal-Mart became the first major retailer to demand manufacturers use radio frequency identification technology(R
29、FID). The technology uses radio frequencies to transmit data stored on small tags attached to pallets(货盘)or individual products. RFID tags hold significantly more data than bar codes.HThe frugal culture, established by Walton, also plays into Wal-Marts success. The company has been criticized for th
30、e relatively poor wages and health care plans that it offers to rank-and-file employees. It has also been accused of demanding that hourly workers put in overtime without pay. Store managers often work more than 70 hours per week.IThis culture is also present at the companys headquarters. Wal-Mart i
31、s headquartered in Benton-ville, Arkansas, instead of an expensive city like New York. The building is unattractive and dull. You wont catch executives in quality cars and you wont see them dragging into work at 9: 30 a.m. Executives fly coach and often share hotel rooms with colleagues. They work l
32、ong hours, typically arriving at work before 6: 30 a.m. and working half-days on Saturdays.JThe central goal of Wal-Mart is to keep retail prices low and the company has been very successful at this. Experts estimate that Wal-Mart saves shoppers at least 15 percent on a typical cart of groceries. Ev
33、erything including the technology and corporate culture feeds into that ultimate goal of delivering the lowest prices possible. Wal-Mart also pushes its suppliers, some say cruelly, to cut prices. In The Wal-Mart Effect, author Charles Fishman discusses how the price of a four-pack of GE light bulbs
34、 decreased from $2.19 to 88 cents during a five-year period.The PowerKBecause of Wal-Marts massive size, it has incredible power. It has driven the smallest retailers out of business: forced manufacturers to be more efficient, often leading these suppliers to move manufacturing jobs overseas: and ch
35、anged the way that even large and established industries do business.LThere is plenty of anecdotal evidence that a new Wal-Mart in town spells doom for local pharmacies, grocery stores, sporting goods stores, etc. Economist Emek Basker, Ph.D., attempted to quantify the impact. Her study found that i
36、n a typical United States county, when a Wal-Mart opens, three other retailers close within two years and four close within five years. While the Wal- Mart might employ 300 people, another 250 people working in retail lose their jobs within five years in that county.MWal-Mart has life or death decis
37、ions over(almost)all the consumer goods industries that exist in the United State, because it is the number-one supplier-retailer of most of our consumer goods not just clothes, shoes, toys, but home appliances, electronic products, sporting goods, bicycles, groceries, food.NThe stories of how Wal-M
38、art pushes manufacturers into selling the same product at lower and lower prices are legendary. One example is Lakewood Engineering & Manufacturing Co. in Chicago, a fan manufacturer. In the early 1990s, a 20-inch box fan costs $20. Wal-Mart pushed the manufacturer to lower the price, and Lakewood r
39、esponded by automating the production process, which meant layoffs. Lakewood also forced its own suppliers to knock down the prices of parts. Then, in 2000, Lakewood opened a factory in China, where workers earn 25 cents an hour. By 2003, the price on the fan in a Wal-Mart store had dropped to about
40、 $ 10.OWal-Marts impact extends beyond just small suppliers. It also affects how even major, established companies like Coca-Cola and PepsiCo do business. At Wal-Marts request, Coke and its largest bottler Coca-Cola Enterprises announced that they are changing the way they deliver PowerAde in the Un
41、ited States, altering a basic distribution method for drinks that has been in place for more than a century. Coke also now allows Wal-Mart in on the research and development process. In 2005, Coke planned to launch one new diet cola called Coke Zero. At Wal-Marts request, it changed the name to Diet
42、 Coke unheard of at Coke a decade ago, Pepsi also came up with a line of diet drinks, called Slice One, to initially be sold exclusively in Wal-Mart.The ControversyPWal-Mart is a polarizing force. The controversies have involved a broad range of topics from Wal-Mart selling guns, to the companys env
43、ironmental policies, to the kind of health care Wal-Mart offers employees, to outsourcing of jobs. In this section, we will explore two of the biggest areas of controversies labor practice at the company and Wal-Marts impact on the American economy.QWal-Mart has come under fire on a number of labor
44、issues. There may be a dark side to the frugal culture. At the end of 2005, the company faced dozens of lawsuits across the country for allegedly not paying workers overtime. Women have also accused Wal-Mart of discrimination, and employees have said that it squashes efforts to unionize and doesnt p
45、rovide decent healthcare.RNot everyone is down on Wal-Mart. Andrew Young, a former United Nations ambassador and former mayor of Atlanta, heads up a group backed by Wal-Mart that is supposed to spread a positive message about the company. “You need to look at whos complaining about Wal-Mart,“ Young
46、told USA Today in March 2006. “If its not 100 million people shopping there every week and its not 8,000 people competing for 500 jobs(at a new Atlanta store), who is it? Theyre complaining because theyre wrong and they dont understand that ending poverty means generating wealth and not just fightin
47、g to redistribute the existing wealth.“SThere is heated debate about whether Wal-Mart is good for the American economy, and well-respected economists come down firmly on both sides of this debate. Some experts say it is good for the economy because it keeps prices low, both at its stores and at othe
48、r retailers. Other experts argue that Wal-Mart is bad for the economy because it drives competing retailers out of business and forces manufacturers to move jobs overseas to keep expenses down.37 At the very beginning, Sam Walton believed that he would earn much money even if he sold products at low
49、er prices than his opponents.38 By using bar codes, the retailers enjoyed more power than the manufacturers.39 After Sam Walton died inl992 the company has continued to extend at a rapid rate.40 In order to gather much more data, Wal-Mart preferred RF1D to bar codes recently.41 After Wal-Mart made Sam Walton extremely wealthy, he still led a very thrifty life and asked his employees to follow suit.42 Wal-Marts frugal culture finds full express
