1、2016 年 10 月自考英语（二）真题试卷及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 Being “Cool“ in Middle SchoolA new study shows that gentle and quiet kids in middle school will grow up to rule. Or, at least, theyll live healthier and more productive lives than the “cool“ kids will.The study looked at 13-year-olds who acted old for their age by
2、 having “cool“ behavior, such as early romantic relationships. They were seen as “cool“ and popular kids. But as they grew up, things changed. The study found that these kids tended to have problems with drugs and relationships by their early 20s. Their behavior was no longer linked with popularity.
3、 Instead, they were thought to be less socially skilled by their peers. Besides, the average “cool“ kids, by age 22,did more poorly than the average kids in the study. They had a 45 percent greater rate of problems due to drugs and alcohol. They also had a 22 percent greater rate of criminal behavio
4、r. The study also found that these kids failed to develop important life skills. They spent so much time trying to seem cool, They didnt develop the skills needed for meaningful friendships.The study followed 86 male and 98 female middle school students for a 10-year period. It has some surprising f
5、indings. In particular, the study notes that the so-called “cool“ behavior is a predictor (预示) of future problems with drugs and alcohol. In fact, it is a better predictor than drug and alcohol use in middle school. However, one conclusion of the study is welcome. Researchers said that parents shoul
6、dnt worry too much if their kids dont seem that popular. If a kid prefers to spend Saturday nights at home watching a movie or reading instead of going out with friends, that is not a cause for concern. Many “uncool“ kids, they said, do much better later on than the popular kids do.1 Gentle kids are
7、 less healthy when they grow up.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given2 “Cool“ kids try to imitate adult behavior.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given3 Romantic relationships seem cool to some teenagers.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given4 “Uncool“ kids are more likely to commit crimes.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given5 “Coo
8、l“ kids have better life skills than “uncool“ kids.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given6 “Uncool“ kids spend most of their time studying.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given7 The study followed the students for a decade.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given8 “Cool“ kids marry earlier than “uncool“ kids.（A）True（B） False（C
9、） Not Given9 Parents neednt worry if their kids are “uncool“.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given10 “Cool“ kids remain popular all their lives.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given二、阅读选择10 It is estimated that there are more than 8 million restaurants in the world today. So it might surprise you to learn that rest
10、aurants as we know have only existed for a few centuries. Before 1765, there were no restaurants. There was nowhere in which a server brought you food and drink that you chose from a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.There were places where travelers could eat centuries before that. The co
11、untryside was full of inns that would serve food. And there were bars where one could get a drink. The rich could also eat meals supplied by private cooks. But there was nothing that could be called a “restaurant“.A Frenchman changed that. In 1765, he opened a place in Paris that sold soups. On his
12、sign, he used the term “restaurants“ to describe what he was selling. Soups were considered “restorative“, so he called them “restaurants“. Finally, people started buying his soups even when not ill. And as time went on, people began to use the term “restaurant“ to refer to the place where soup was
13、sold rather than the soup itself. More “restaurants“ opened up in France, and people began to buy soups more regularly.Then, restaurants in Paris began to serve food other than soups. In the 1780s,menus started to appear. By the 1800s, there were many types of restaurants, and the restaurant concept
14、 was spread throughout the British Empire.A slow start gave way to rapid growth. Cities and towns around the world are filled with restaurants today. It is estimated that there are 1. 6 million restaurants in Europe. In America, there are nearly a half million restaurants. Today, diners have million
15、s of choices.11 Before 1765,travelers could have meals at a(n)_.（A）bar（B） inn（C） restaurant（D）canteen12 The first “restaurant“ only served_.（A）soups（B） desserts（C） drinks（D）fruits13 The word “restorative“ (Para. 3) most probably means_.（A）having a special flavor（B） making you happier（C） having a ple
16、asant smell（D）making you healthier14 The restaurant concept started in_.（A）America（B） Britain（C） Germany（D）France15 The best title for this text is_.（A）Definition of Restaurant（B） Importance of Restaurant（C） Origin of Restaurant（D）Types of Restaurant三、概括段落大意和补全句子15 How to Perfect the Art of Public S
17、peakingIf you want to become the type of speaker youve always wanted to be, read the following suggestions.You can t go from a nervous speaker to a star speaker overnight. You shouldnt expect to. Give yourself time to get used to a large audience. Start with smaller groups and get as much feedback a
18、s you can. Keep on practicing and developing your skills.Be familiar with your speech materials. That doesnt mean memorizing your speech, which can lack enthusiasm and naturalness. Know your key talking points, supporting details and ways to move from one point to the next.Positive energy can be pas
19、sed. If youre excited and enthusiastic, your audience will be, too. Youll be surprised at the positive cycle that creates: An enthusiastic audience can add even more energy to you. Use hand gestures. When appropriate, smile, smile, smile.Find friendly, interested faces in the audience and speak to t
20、hem. Look into their eyes. It helps prevent you from staring off into the distance or reading from notes. It also helps make you feel like you are talking in a conversation rather than speaking to a group.When you look great, you feel great. That makes you confident. Looking great doesnt mean wearin
21、g new clothes. It means wearing clothes and shoes you feel comfortable and appropriate to the setting. You cant go wrong with business suit. Simple is fine, but you should look clean from head to toe.A. Be enthusiasticB. Know your materialsC. Make eye contactD. Know your audienceE. Improve gradually
22、F. Dress appropriately16 Paragraph 17 Paragraph 18 Paragraph 19 Paragraph 20 Paragraph 20 A. lack of enthusiasmB. make you look greatC. a positive atmosphereD. improve their speaking skillsE. stop you from reading your notesF. become a good listener21 Feedback helps speakers_.22 Memorizing materials
23、 may lead to_.23 Hand gestures and smiles help create_24 Looking into the eyes of the audience helps_.25 Wearing right clothes may_.四、填句补文25 Remaining ActiveOur body is an amazing object.【T1】_ If you are inactive most of the time, your body will quickly become tired when it should be active. But if
24、you are very active, your body will get used to the hard work, and the work will become easier for you to do.Physical activity can help people remain active and stay healthy.【T2】_ It also helps people sleep better. This is why active students dont complain about being tired. They have a good nights
25、sleep and have the energy to study hard and have fun every day.Physical activity also makes people look and feel good. Activity burns more calories (卡路里) than just sitting.【T3】_ In addition, regular exercise can make your muscles and bones stronger.There are many factors to look at when you select a
26、 new physical activity. The most important is to choose something you enjoy. If you like jumping rope, that is the activity you should do.【T4】_ In fact, two days of basketball, three days of swimming, and two days of bicycling can be more fun than jogging every day.【T5】_ Some skills will improve wit
27、h practice while others may always be difficult for you. If you enjoy an activity, feel free to do it. No one cares whether you can do it well or not, and you dont need to care about it either.Whatever activity you choose, remain active. It can make you physically fit and healthy for life.A. But you
28、 dont have to do the same thing every day.B. Different activities need different skills.C. You may prefer to participate in team activities.D. It helps the body fight off illness.E. The more you ask of it, the more it can do.F. It is very important to keep a healthy weight.26 【T1】27 【T2】28 【T3】29 【T
29、4】30 【T5】五、填词补文30 Positive Attitude towards FailureI clearly remember a period during which I felt like a failure. But what I【B1】_ learned was that failing at one thing is not failing at all things. And, in fact, failure is a【B2】_ part of growth. Life is filled with trial and【B3】_ . In order to walk
30、 the path to【B4】_ ,you need to make some【B5】_ turns along the way. What I learned was to “fail forward“ ,to【B6】_ each mistake to make myself better. One of the【B7】_ problems people have with failure is that they are too quick to judge isolated【B8】_ in their lives and label them as failures.【B9】_ .th
31、ey need to keep the bigger picture in mind. A successful baseball player doesnt【B10】_ at a mistake he makes and think of failure. He sees it within the context of the bigger picture.A. error B. use C. eventually D. graceful E. necessary F. situations G. Firstly H. wrong I. InsteadJ. successK. greate
32、stL. look31 【B1 】32 【B2 】33 【B3 】34 【B4 】35 【B5 】36 【B6 】37 【B7 】38 【B8 】39 【B9 】40 【B10 】六、完形补文40 Self-reliance (自立)Everyone has heard (hear) the word “self-reliance“. Emerson wrote a【C1】_ (fame) essay about it. He felt that people should trust in their own【C2】_ (able). They should think and act fo
33、r themselves. Like many such【 C3】_ (term),this one had no real meaning for me until it was【C4】_ (demonstrate) to me in real life.Last year I met a blind girl【C5 】_ (name) Gail. She was【C6 】_ (extreme) slender and weak, but she always insisted on【C7】_ (find) her way around the school by herself. When
34、 she【C8】_ (sit) in a room with several of us, there was sometimes a(n)【 C9】_ (easy) silence, because we thought she might resent our acting too cheerful and thoughtless in her【 C10】_ (present) . On such occasions, she would say something casual or show us how fast she could write. She never asked fo
35、r anyones pity. She truly relied on herself.41 【C1 】42 【C2 】43 【C3 】44 【C4 】45 【C5 】46 【C6 】47 【C7 】48 【C8 】49 【C9 】50 【C10 】七、短文写作51 请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 100 词左右的英语短文。并将短文写在答题纸相应的位置上。某英文报社正在举办题为“Watching Movies at Home or in a Cinema?”的征文活动。请就此题目写一篇英文短文应征，内容包括：*你喜欢在家还是在电影院看电影*理由是什么2016 年 10 月自考英语（二）真题试
36、卷答案与解析一、阅读判断1 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 由第一段“gentle and quiet kidstheyll live healthier”可知，温柔、安静的孩子在长大后会生活得更健康、更富有成效。题干的表述与文章不一致，故选 B。2 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 由第二段第一句“13-year-olds who acted old for their age by havingcoolbehavior”可知，这项研究以 13 岁的孩子们为观察对象，他们通过一些“酷的”行为，例如早恋，来表现得比实际年龄大。也就是说，“酷的”孩子会尝试模仿成年人的行为。题干的表述与文章一致，故选
37、A。3 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 由第二段前两句“early romantic relationshipsThey were seen ascooland popular kids ”可知，某些青少年会把谈恋爱看成一种很酷的行为。题干的表述与文章一致，故选 A。4 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 由第二段倒数第四句“They also had a 22 percent greater rate of criminal behavior”可知， “酷的”孩子发生犯罪行为的概率比不酷的孩子高22。也就是说，“酷的”孩子更容易犯罪。题干的表述与文章不一致，故选 B。5 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】
38、 由第二段倒数第三句“these kids failed to develop important life skills。”可知，“酷的”孩子很难培养重要的生活技能。题干的表述与文章不一致，故选 B。6 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章并没有提到“不酷”的孩子把大部分时间花费在学习上，故选C。7 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 由第三段第一句“The study followedfor a 10-year period”可知，这项研究对中学的 86 名男生和 98 名女生进行了为期 10 年的研究。题干的表述与文章一致，故选 A。8 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章并没有提到“酷的”孩子比
39、“不酷的”孩子结婚早，故选 C。9 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 由第三段第六句“parents shouldnt worry too much if their kids dont seem that popular”可知，如果孩子看起来不是很受欢迎，父母也不必担心。题干的表述与文章一致，故选 A。10 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 由第二段第三、四、五句“But as they grew up ，things changedTheir behavior was no longer linked with popularity”可知，长大后“酷的”孩子不再那么受欢迎。题干的表述与文章不一致，
40、故选 B。二、阅读选择11 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 事实细节题。第二段前两句指出，几个世纪以前，在有些地方旅客是可以吃到东西的，乡村有一些小旅馆，那里提供食物。由此可知，1765 年以前，旅客可以在小旅馆就餐，故选 B。12 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 事实细节题。第三段第二、三句指出，一个法国人在巴黎开了一家卖汤的餐馆，他用“restaurants” 这个词作为招牌去描述他卖的东西。由此可知，第一家饭店只提供汤，故选 A。13 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 推理判断题。由第三段第四、五句“Soups were consideredrestorativeeven when not i
41、ll”可知，即使人们没得病的时候也去买汤喝。这说明，人们在生病时喝汤，汤被认为是“补药”，由此可推断，汤可以使人们更健康，restorative 意为“滋补物”，故选 D。14 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 推理判断题。由第三段可知，一个法国人首先在巴黎开了一家卖汤的餐馆，后来人们用“restaurant”一词来指代卖汤的地方，随后更多的restaurant(饭店)在法国开设。由此可知，饭店这一概念最早出现在法国，故选D。15 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 推理判断题。文章首先指出，1765 年以前没有饭店，然后介绍了1765 年第一家饭店的由来，随后讲了饭店在各地的发展。由此可知，文章主要讲
42、了饭店的起源，故选 C。三、概括段落大意和补全句子16 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 本段首先指出，你不能也不应该期望从一个紧张的演讲者一夜之间变成明星演讲者，然后指出，应该给自己适应大量观众的时间，首先从小范围的观众开始并尽量多得到反馈，要不断地练习以提高技能。由此可知，本段主要讲述的是要逐渐提高演讲技能。选项 E 与本段对应。17 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 本段第一句为主题句，指出要熟悉演讲材料。但那不意味着要背诵演讲材料，而是要知道关键的论点、支持性细节和从一个话题转移到另一个话题的方式。选项 B 与本段对应。18 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 本段主要讲述了演讲要有热情，如果你很兴
43、奋，也很热情，听众也会如此，听众的这种热情也能使你更加有力量。选项 A 与本段对应。19 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 本段主要讲述了要进行眼神交流，从观众中找到你认为友善且对你的演讲感兴趣的面孔，对着他们演讲，看向他们的眼睛，这有助于防止一直盯着远处或照本宣科，也可以让你感到像在与人交谈，而不是对着一群人进行演讲。选项C 与本段对应。20 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 本段主要讲述了要正确着装，这意味着要穿着舒适，并且与演讲场合相适合，整个人从头到脚要看起来干净。选项 F 与本段对应。21 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 题干的中心词是“feedback”。由第一条建议最后两句“get as
44、much feedback as you candeveloping your skills”可知，不断地进行演讲练习并从观众那里得到反馈可以提高演讲技能。选项 D 符合题意。22 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 题干的中心词是“memorizing materials”。由第二条建议第二句“memorizing your speech，which can lack enthusiasm and naturalness”可知，背诵演讲材料会缺乏热情，也会不自然。选项 A 符合题意。23 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 题干的中心词是“hand gestures”和“smiles”。由第三条建议可知
45、，适当的微笑加上手势能让演讲者更具有热情，这也使观众变得很热情，观众的热情也会使演讲者更有力量，从而创造出一个积极的氛围。选项 C 符合题意。24 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 题干的中心词是“looking into the eyes”。由第四条建议第二、三句“Look intoreading from notes”可知，演讲时与观众进行眼神交流有助于防止一直盯着远处或照本宣科。选项 E 符合题意。25 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 题干的中心词是“wearing right clothes”。由第五条建议可知，当你看起来很好时，你也感觉很好，这能增强你的自信，看起来不错就是要穿着舒适且与演
46、讲场合相适合。所以正确着装可以使你看上去很好。选项 B 符合题意。四、填句补文26 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 空格前一句话的意思为“我们的身体是个神奇的机体”，空格后一句话的意思为“如果你大部分时间不积极，你的身体在本该积极的时候就会快速变得疲惫”。选项 E 与上下文衔接最紧密，意思为“你对它要求越多，它能做的也越多”，故选 E。27 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 空格前一句话的意思为“体育活动能帮助人们保持积极和健康的状态”，空格后一句话的意思为“它也帮助人们睡得更好”。前后讲的都是体育活动的好处，所以空格处也应讲体育活动的好处。选项 D 的意思为“它帮助身体对抗疾病”，与上下文衔接最紧
47、密，故选 D。28 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 空格前一句话的意思为“进行体育活动比坐着时燃烧更多的卡路里”，选项 F 的意思为“这对保持健康体重非常重要”，与上文衔接最紧密，故选 F。29 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 空格前一句话的意思为“如果你喜欢跳绳，这项活动就是你应该做的”，空格后一句话的意思为“实际上，两天打篮球、三天游泳、两天骑自行车比每天慢跑更有趣”。选项 A 的意思为“但你不必每天做同样的事情 ”，与上下文衔接最紧密，故选 A。30 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 空格后一句话的意思为“一些技能只要练习就能提高，而有些技能对你来说总是很难”，选项 B 的意思为“不同的活动需要
48、不同的技能”，与下文衔接最紧密，故选 B。五、填词补文31 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 由空格前的代词 I 和空格后的动词 learned 可知，空格处需要填一个副词。根据句意可知，这里表示“但是我最终学到的是在一件事情上失败并不代表在所有事情上都失败”。eventually 意为“最终，最后”，故选 C。32 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 由空格前的冠词 a 及空格后的名词：part 可知，空格处需要填一个形容词。根据句意可知，这里表示“实际上失败是成长必不可少的一部分”。necessary 意为“必要的”，故选 E。33 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 and 连接两个并列成分， and
49、 前为名词 trial，故空格处需要填一个名词。根据句意可知，这里表示“生活中充满了尝试和错误”。error 意为“错误”，故选 A。34 【正确答案】 J 【试题解析】 由空格前的介词 to 可知，空格处需要填一个名词。根据句意可知，这里表示“为了走向成功之路，你注定要经历一些错误的转弯”。success 意为“成功”，故选 J。35 【正确答案】 H【试题解析】 由空格前的 some 和空格后的名词 turns 可知，空格处需要填一个形容词。根据句意可知，这里表示“你注定要经历一些错误的转弯”。wrong 意为“错误的”，故选 H。36 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 由空格前的 to 和空格后的名词 each mistake 可知，空格处需要填一个动词
