1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2017 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/AMS6509A AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS6509 REV. A Issued 2012-05 Revised 2017-03Supersed
5、ing AMS6509 Steel Bars and Forgings 3.5Cr 7.5Ni 16.3Co 1.75Mo 0.2W (0.09 - 0.13C) Double Vacuum Melted, Normalized, Annealed (Composition similar to UNS K92731)RATIONALE AMS6509A results from a review and update of this specification that revises heat treatment (3.4), micro-inclusion rating (3.5.2),
6、 control of bar properties outside specification sizes (3.5.3.1), quality (3.6), and reporting (4.4). 1. SCOPE 1.1 Form This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality alloy steel in the form of bars 199 in2(1284 cm2) and under in cross section, forgings, and forging stock. 1.2 Application Thes
7、e products have been used typically for carburized parts requiring high minimum core hardness with a narrow range, reduced distortion and subject to magnetic particle inspection standards, but usage is not limited to such applications. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in
8、effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been
9、 specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS2251 Tolerances Low-Alloy Steel Bar
10、s AMS2259 Chemical Check Analysis Limits Wrought Low-Alloy and Carbon Steels AMS2300 Steel Cleanliness, Premium Aircraft-Quality Magnetic Particle Inspection Procedure AMS2370 Quality Assurance Sampling and Testing Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Wrought Products and Forging Stock SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS65
11、09A Page 2 of 8 AMS2372 Quality Assurance Sampling and Testing Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings AMS2750 Pyrometry AMS2806 Identification Bars, Wire, Mechanical Tubing, and Extrusions Carbon and Alloy Steels and Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Steels and Alloys AMS2808 Identification Forgings ARP1917
12、 Clarification of Terms Used in Aerospace Metals Specifications AS1182 Standard Stock Removal Allowance Aircraft-Quality and Premium Aircraft-Quality Steel Bars and Mechanical Tubing 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
13、19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM A370 Mechanical Testing of Steel Products ASTM A604 Macroetch Testing of Consumable Electrode Remelted Steel Bars and Billets ASTM E45 Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel ASTM E112 Determining Average Grain Size ASTM E140 Hardness Conversion T
14、ables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Scleroscope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness ASTM E350 Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought Iron ASTM E399 Plan
15、e-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Composition Shall conform to the following percentages by weight shown in Table 1, determined by wet chemical methods in accordance with ASTM E350, by spectrochemical methods, or by other analytical methods acceptable to
16、 purchaser. Table 1 - Composition Element Min Max Carbon 0.09 0.13 Manganese - 0.1 Silicon - 0.1 Phosphorus - 0.008 Sulfur - 0.006 Chromium 3.0 4.0 Nickel 7.2 7.8 Cobalt 15.5 17.0 Molybdenum 1.5 1.9 Tungsten 0.10 0.30 Titanium - 0.045 Aluminum - 0.1 Vanadium - 0.06 Oxygen - 0.0020 (20 ppm) Nitrogen
17、- 0.0020 (20 ppm) SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6509A Page 3 of 8 3.1.1 Check Analysis Composition variations shall meet the applicable requirements of AMS2259. 3.2 Melting Practice Steel shall be multiple melted using vacuum induction melting followed by vacuum arc remelting. 3.3 Condition The product shall
18、 be supplied in the following condition unless another condition is authorized by purchaser; hardness shall be determined in accordance with ASTM A370: 3.3.1 Bars and Forgings Normalized, annealed (see 3.4), and descaled having hardness not higher than 352 HBW, or equivalent (see 8.2). Bar shall not
19、 be cut from plate (also see 4.4.2). 3.3.2 Forging Stock As ordered by the forging manufacturer. 3.4 Heat Treatment Bars and forgings shall be normalized by heating to 1785 F 25 F (974 C 14 C) for a time commensurate with section thickness, 60 minutes minimum, cooling in air to room temperature and
20、annealed by heating to 1255 F 25 F (679 C 14 C) for not less than 2 hours, and cooling in air. Pyrometry shall be in accordance with AMS2750. 3.5 Properties The product shall conform to the following requirements; hardness and tensile testing shall be performed in accordance with ASTM A370: 3.5.1 Ma
21、crostructure Visual examination of transverse full cross-sections from bars, billets, and stock for forging, flash welded rings, or extrusions, etched in hot hydrochloric acid in accordance with ASTM A604 shall show no pipe or cracks. Porosity, segregation, inclusions, and other imperfections shall
22、be no worse than the macrographs of ASTM A604 shown in Table 2. Table 2 - Macrostructure limits Class Condition Severity 1 Freckles A 2 White Spots A 3 Radial Segregation B 4 Ring Pattern B SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6509A Page 4 of 8 3.5.2 Micro-Inclusion Rating of Each Heat No specimen shall exceed the
23、limits shown in Table 3, determined in accordance with ASTM E45, Method D. Table 3 Micro-inclusion rating limits Type A Thin A Heavy B Thin B Heavy C Thin C Heavy D Thin D Heavy Worst Field Severity 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.0 Worst Field Frequency, maximum (a) 1 (a) 1 (a) 1 3 1 Total Rateable F
24、ields, Frequency, maximum (b) 1 (b) 1 (b) 1 8 1 (a) Combined A+B+C; not more than 3 fields (b) Combined A+B+C; not more than 8 fields 3.5.2.1 A rateable field is defined as one that has a type A, B, C, or D inclusion rating of at least No. 1.0 thin or heavy in accordance with ASTM E45. 3.5.3 Respons
25、e to Heat Treatment 3.5.3.1 Bars and Forgings Test specimens extracted from bars 199 in2(1284 cm2) and under in cross section and forgings shall conform to the following requirements after being austenitized by heating to 1830 F 25 F (999 C 14 C), holding at heat for a time commensurate with section
26、 thickness, heating equipment, and procedure used, oil quenched (or equivalent) to below 90 F (32 C) followed by cooling to -100 F (-73 C) or lower, holding at temperature for 1 hour, +2 hours, -0 hour, warming in air to room temperature, and tempering at 925 F 10 F (496 C 6 C) for 8 hours 2 hours,
27、and cooling in air (or equivalent). 3.5.3.1.1 Tensile Properties 3.5.3.1.1.1 Longitudinal tensile properties shall be as shown in Table 4. Testing in the longitudinal direction need not be performed on product qualified by testing in the transverse orientation. Table 4 - Minimum longitudinal tensile
28、 properties Property Value Tensile Strength 215 ksi (1482 MPa) Yield Strength 0.2% Offset 185 ksi (1276 MPa) Elongation in 4D 13% Reduction of Area 60% 3.5.3.1.1.2 Transverse tensile properties shall be as shown in Table 5. Transverse properties apply only to product that tensile specimens not less
29、than 1.625 inches (4.128 mm) in length can be taken. Table 5 - Minimum transverse tensile properties Property Value Tensile Strength 215 ksi (1482 MPa) Yield Strength 0.2% Offset 185 ksi (1276 MPa) Elongation in 4D 11% Reduction of Area 50% SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6509A Page 5 of 8 3.5.3.1.2 Hardness S
30、hall not be lower than 45 HRC, or equivalent (see 8.2). 3.5.3.1.3 Fracture Toughness Shall be not lower than 70 ksi inch (77MPa m ) KICor KQ, determined in accordance with ASTM E399 on any product from which a specimen of a standardized ASTM E399 orientation can be extracted having dimensions not le
31、ss than 1.50 inches (38.1 mm) in section thickness and not less than 4.00 inches (101.6 mm) in width. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the product can be tested in either the longitudinal L-T or L-R orientation or transverse T-L or R-L orientation. 3.5.3.1.4 Average Grain Size of Bars an
32、d Forgings Shall be ASTM No. 5 or finer determined in accordance with ASTM E112. 3.5.3.1.5 Mechanical property requirements for bars outside the size range covered by 1.1 shall be agreed upon between purchaser and producer. 3.5.3.2 Forging Stock Specimens extracted from a forged down test coupon sub
33、sequently heat treated as in 3.4 and 3.5.3 shall conform to the requirements of 3.5.3.1.1 and 3.5.3.1.2. If specimens taken from the unforged stock and subsequently heat treated as in 3.4 and 3.5.3 conform to the requirements of 3.5.3.1.1 and 3.5.3.1.2, the tests shall be accepted as equivalent to t
34、ests of a forged coupon. 3.6 Quality The product, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the product. 3.6.1 Steel shall be premium aircraft-quality conforming to AMS2300. 3.6.2 Bars sh
35、all be free from seams, laps, tears, and cracks after removal of the standard stock removal allowance in accordance with AS1182. 3.6.3 Grain flow of die forgings, except in areas that contain flash-line end grain, shall follow the general contour of the forgings showing no evidence of reentrant grai
36、n flow. 3.7 Tolerances 3.7.1 Bars In accordance with AMS2251. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for inspection The producer of the product shall supply all samples for producers tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to
37、 sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the product conforms to specified requirements. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6509A Page 6 of 8 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests The following requirements are acceptance tests and shall be performed on each hea
38、t or lot as applicable: 4.2.1.1 Composition (3.1), macrostructure rating (3.5.1), micro-inclusion rating (3.5.2) and response to heat treatment (tensile and hardness) (3.5.3) of each heat. 4.2.1.2 Hardness maximum (3.3.1) of as-supplied normalized and annealed product of each lot of bars and forging
39、s. 4.2.1.3 Average grain size (3.5.3.1.4) of each lot of bars and forgings after heat treatment. 4.2.1.4 Tolerances (3.7) of bars. 4.2.1.5 If forging stock, tests to demonstrate ability to develop required properties (3.5.3.2). 4.2.2 Periodic Tests The following requirements are periodic tests and s
40、hall be performed at a frequency selected by the producer unless frequency of testing is specified by purchaser. 4.2.2.1 Fracture toughness (3.5.3.1.3) of bars and forgings after heat treatment. 4.2.2.2 Frequency-severity cleanliness rating (3.6.1). 4.2.2.3 Grain flow of die forgings (3.6.3). 4.3 Sa
41、mpling and Testing 4.3.1 Bars and Forging Stock In accordance with AMS2370. 4.3.2 Forgings In accordance with AMS2372. 4.4 Reports 4.4.1 The producer of bars and forgings shall furnish with each shipment a report showing the producer identity, country where the metal was melted (e.g., final melt in
42、the case of metal processed by multiple melting operations), the results of tests for composition, macrostructure, micro-inclusion rating, and response to heat treatment (tensile properties and hardness) of each heat; annealed hardness and grain size of each lot, and stating that the product conform
43、s to the other technical requirements. This report shall include the purchase order number, heat and lot numbers, AMS6509A, product form and size (and/or part number, if applicable), and quantity. If forgings are supplied, the size and melt source of stock used to make the forgings shall also be inc
44、luded. 4.4.2 If the ship size/shape is cut from a larger cross section, report the nominal metallurgically worked size (also see 3.3.1). 4.4.3 When the bar size is outside the range covered by 1.1, the report shall contain a statement to that effect. 4.4.4 The producer of forging stock shall furnish
45、 with each shipment a report showing the producer identity, country where the metal was melted (e.g., final melt in the case of metal processed by multiple melting operations), the results of tests for composition, macrostructure, micro-inclusion rating, response to heat treatment (tensile propertie
46、s and hardness), and the results of any additional property requirements imposed by 8.5. This report shall include the purchase order number, heat and lot numbers, AMS6509A, product form and size or part number, and quantity. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6509A Page 7 of 8 4.5 Resampling and Retesting 4.5.1
47、Bars and Forging Stock In accordance with AMS2370. 4.5.2 Forgings In accordance with AMS2372. 5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY 5.1 Sizes Except when exact lengths or multiples of exact lengths are ordered, straight bars and tubing will be acceptable in mill lengths of 6 to 20 feet (1.8 to 6.1 m), but not
48、 more than 10% of any shipment shall be supplied in lengths shorter than 10 feet (3 m). 5.2 Identification 5.2.1 Bars In accordance with AMS2806. 5.2.2 Forgings In accordance with AMS2808. 5.2.3 Forging Stock As agreed upon by purchaser and producer. 5.3 Protective Treatment Bars ordered ground, tur
49、ned, or polished shall be protected from corrosion prior to shipment. 5.4 Packaging The product shall be prepared for shipment in accordance with commercial practice and in compliance with applicable rules and regulations pertaining to the handling, packaging, and transportation of the product to ensure carrier acceptance and safe delivery. 6. ACKNOWLEDGMENT A producer s
