1、1Unit 21 Human Biology Section Grammar 03课后演练提能夯实基础知识. 用适当的情态动词填空1. You have worked hard all day. You _ be tired.答案：must2. Could I have the television on?Yes, you _./No, you _.答案：can; cant3. If that is the case, we _ as well try.答案：may/might4. Why didnt you answer my phone call?Well, I _ have been s
2、leeping, so I didnt hear it.答案：must5. I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I _ have done so. The weather was hot.答案：neednt6. Mike _ have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.答案：cant7. Candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.答案：shall8. I _ rath
3、er they didnt hear of the news.答案：would9. People _ die without air or water.答案：will10. He _ speak English before such a crowd.答案：dare/darent. 完成句子1. Tom _ the exam for he is very happy now.汤姆一定已经通过考试了，因为他现在很高兴。答案：must have passed2. If he _， he _ greater progress.2他如果不是因病缺课太多的话，早已经取得更大的进步了。答案：had not
4、 been ill and missed many classes; would have made3. If I _ you, I _ to look for him.如果我是你，我就会去找他。答案：were; would go4. If he _ here, everything _ all right.如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。答案：were; would be5. You _ more from him, if you had followed him.如果你跟着他学，你本可以向他学到更多东西的。答案：might have learned. 句型转换1. If you had not
5、 helped me, I would have failed.(转换为含蓄虚拟条件句)_答案：Without/But for your help, I would have failed.2. If I were a teacher, I would have lots of students.(转换为省略句)_答案：Were I a teacher, I would have lots of students.3. If we should visit Zhejiang University tomorrow, I would play basketball there.(转换为省略句)_
6、答案：Should we visit Zhejiang University tomorrow, I would play basketball there.4. If I had entered Ruian High School, I would not sit here now.(转换为省略句)_答案：Had I entered Ruian High School, I would not sit here now.5. Without sunlight or water, all the living things on the earth would die.(转换为 if条件句)_
7、答案：If there were not sunlight or water, all the living things on the earth would die.单句语法填空(不多于 3个单词)1. The new law states that people _ drive after drinking alcohol.3答案：mustnt 句意：新的法律规定，禁止酒后开车。 “mustnt”不准。2. It _ have been her to leave her child alone. She isnt such a person.答案：couldnt couldnt 表示对过
8、去的否定推测。3. It was my fault. I _ (tell) you about the meeting earlier.答案：should have told 表示“本应该做但没有做” ，用 should have done。4.Can I pay the bill by check?Sorry, sir. But it is the management rule of our hotel that payment _ be made in cash.答案：shall shall 与第二、三人称连用，表示规则，允诺或具有法律效力的事。5. I couldnt _ (go) t
9、hrough that bitter period without your generous help.答案：have gone 表示对过去情况的虚拟，应用情态动词完成式。6. I cant leave. She told me that I _ stay here until she comes back.答案：must “must”必须，符合句意。7. _ (persuade) him not to do so, he wouldnt have made such a serious mistake.答案：Had I persuaded 句意：要是我事先说服他不那么做的话，他就不会犯这么
10、严重的错误了。题干中主句的谓语部分为 wouldnt have made，表示该动作与过去事实相反，故条件句用 had done的虚拟结构，条件句中有 had且省略 if时，要将 had提到主语之前。8. If I _ (learn) my lessons hard, I wouldnt have failed in the final exam.答案：had learned 根据主句中的“wouldnt have failed”可知，从句叙述过去的情况，故用过去完成时。9. Look at the trouble were in. If only we _ (take) our teache
11、rs advice!答案：had taken 后一句句意：要是我听从了老师的建议多好！表示与过去情况相反的虚拟，用过去完成时。10. How I wish I had studied harder when I was in senior school!If you had, you _ (be) a university student now.答案：would/could/might/should be 句意：我多么希望在高中的时候学习能再努力点啊！如果你努力点学习，现在你就是一个大学生了。本题中从句是对过去的虚4拟，主句中有时间状语 now，是对现在的虚拟，所以用“would/could
12、/should/might动词原形”的形式。提升实战能力. 完形填空I spoke to a group of young people not long ago. When I finished, they _1_ me to go out with them to have a good time. When I was at their P1_2_， I probably would have given in to that temptation (诱惑) and gone. But I _3_ that evening.A friend of mine, Wes Smith, wro
13、te a humor _4_ called Welcome to the Real World, and in it he _5_ advice to fresh high school and college graduates. He had a line in the book that was the _6_ I faced that night. It said, “Having a drink with the boys after work every night is a _7_ idea. Notice that the _8_ doesnt do it. That is w
14、hy he is the boss and they are _9_ the boys.”Wes told me that he wrote that line with a group of hardpartying _10_ businessmen in mind, and five years after the book came _11_， he ran intoone of them. The guy _12_ that hed read that line in Wess book and P2decided _13_ to go drinking after work agai
15、n. It _14_， he said. He had risen to a vice presidency at a savings and loan .W1In my drive to become a public _15_， I developed that kind of focus ， too. There is not a lot of time for hard partying if you are _16_ W2greatness. It was not that these young fellows were not serious about their intere
16、st in professional speaking, _17_ they were just serious about W3having a good time. I dont believe they were _18_ on their goals.SRather than the party crowd, I prefer to seek out people with _19_ P3that might be useful. I like to find out what books _20_ people are reading. I want access to the in
17、formation that contributes to their success.W4 P4语篇导读：结合自己和朋友的经历，作者告诉我们一个深刻的道理：要想成功，就要执着追求。1. Aforced BadvisedCallowed Dinvited答案：D 根据上下文可知，一群年轻人邀请(invite)作者和他们一起出去。文中没有“逼迫” 、 “建议”或“允许”的意思。2. Atime Bage5Cplace Dhope答案：B 作者想到，当自己在他们这个年龄(age)的时候，或许会屈服于这种出去玩乐的诱惑。3. Arefused BcontinuedChesitated Dsuccee
18、ded答案：A 联系下文尤其是第四段的描述可知，那天晚上作者并没有接受他们的邀请，而是拒绝(refuse)了。4. Ajoke BstoryCdiary Dbook答案：D 根据第 11空前的“. after the book came.”可知，此处指 Smith写了一本幽默“书籍” 。5. Apassed BofferedCfollowed Dchanged答案：B 在 Smith的书中，他给高中新生和大学毕业生们提供了一些建议。6. Atrouble BconditionCpromise Dsituation答案：D 此处指作者那晚所面临的情况(situation)。7. Abad Bgo
19、odCreal Dgreat答案：A 根据第二段最后两句可知，老板不会像他们那样做，这就是他成功的原因。由此可推知，Smith 认为每天下班后和其他人出去喝酒是一个坏(bad)主意。8. Aclerk BsoldierCboss Dcustomer答案：C 结合下句中的“这就是他为什么是老板的原因”可推知，此处指老板(boss)是不会那么做的。9. Aeven BstillCjust Dalso答案：B 此处用老板的成功对比这几个年轻人的不成功，故 still符合题意。10. Aold BcleverCrich Dyoung答案：D 联系第 5空后的内容可知，Smith 的信是写给年轻人的，故
20、此处指年轻的(young)生意人。11. Aout BinCup Don6答案：A 此处指 Smith的这本书出版五年后的一天。 “come out”出版。12. Aintroduced BagreedCvolunteered Dadmitted答案：C Smith 并没有要求他做什么，小伙子主动说自己读了 Smith书里的那段话，故用 volunteer。13. Aoften BneverCalways Dever答案：B 结合第二段倒数第三句 Smith的观点可知，此处指小伙子说他决定下班后永远不(never)出去喝酒了。14. Awent along Btook placeCturned
21、 up Dpaid off答案：D 根据第三段最后一句可知，小伙子的事业有了起色，故他说自己的努力奏效(pay off)了。15. Aspeaker BteacherClawyer Dleader答案：A 根据文章第一句“I spoke to a group of young people not long ago.”以及第 17空前的“their interest in professional speaking”可推知，作者是演讲者(speaker)。16. Ashowing BowningCpursuing Denjoying答案：C 本句意为：如果你追求(pursue)卓越，那你就没有
22、太多时间聚会。17. Aand BbutCor Dso答案：B 分析上下文的逻辑关系可知，此处表达的是转折意义，故用连词 but。18. Abased BplacedCfixed Dfocused答案：D 根据上文可知，如果只想玩得快乐，那他们就无法把注意力放在自己的目标上。 “be focused on”关注。19. Aknowledge BpowerCinformation Dtreasure答案：A 根据上下文可知，作者不愿去参加聚会，而是去找出那些有有用的知识(knowledge)的人。20. Awealthy BpositiveCsuccessful Dmodest7答案：C 根据文
23、章最后一句可知，作者想了解“成功”人士所读的书，了解他们成功的秘诀。. 阅读理解The ideal relationship between brothers and sisters is obviously W1different from the realistic relationships that exist between brothers and W2sisters. Anyone who has had either a brother, a sister or both will know a Slittle bit about sibling_rivalry. Siblin
24、g rivalry does not necessarily stem from (源于 ) the desire to be the “favorite” among ones parents. In fact ， P1sibling rivalry can also be attributed to a sort of natural competition that P2arises between people, especially those living close to one another.Already, childhood describes and shapes th
25、e development of the relationships between siblings. So that type of hostile relationship may not W38continue throughout the siblings lives. This observation is apparent in many sibling relationships, even my own. Yet, what can explain the change that happens?Perhaps, it has something to do with mat
26、urity (成熟). Maturity focuses on P3ones relationships, even those between siblings. Whether or not maturity directly accomplishes the creation of friendly terms between siblings is not entirely clear, but it is apparent that maturity helps to explain why siblings take focus away from creating antagon
27、ism (对立) and instead direct it towards community. If the old saying, “Blood is thicker than water”， is applied to sibling relationships, we find that genetic relationships can enhance social W4relationships.So, even if we want sibling relationships to be peaceful and loving, we cannot expect those f
28、riendly terms to exist always. What is important in this type of relationship is the concept of forgiveness . Forgiveness can heal any W5wound, and in the case of sibling relationships, it can be the path to a life of togetherness and solidarity (团结)Therefore, it is entirely true that we cannot pick
29、 and choose who is in our family. But, we can learn to live together peaceably despite our differences. This not only applies to sibling relationships, but to all relationships in general.语篇导读：手足之争不一定是来源于希望得到父母更多的爱，实际上还可能是出于一种人与人之间的自然竞争。本文作者对这一现象产生的原因及其发展和影响进行了分析和解读。1. The underlined phrase “sibling
30、 rivalry” in Paragraph 1 probably means _.A. siblings compete for more love from their parentsB. parents can hardly treat their children equallyC. people would like to live close to one anotherD. students work hard together at their lessons答案：A 词义猜测题。根据上下文(第一段第一句到第三句)的意思可知，sibling rivalry在此处指“手足之争”
31、，即兄弟姐妹们争相得到父母更多的爱。2. Which of the following can lead to a peaceful and solid life?A. The concept of determination.B. The quality of forgiveness.9C. The friendly relationships.D. The spirit of bravery.答案：B 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，原谅对稳固家庭关系很有帮助，有利于促进家庭的和睦与团结。3. If we want to build good relationships, we sho
32、uld _.A. try our best to choose outgoing siblingsB. be always ready to help each otherC. accept all the different personalitiesD. try to be quite different from others答案：C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，接受各自的不同个性是建立良好关系的关键。10. 短文改错Dear Smith，Im delighted that you have accepted our invitation to speak at my schoo
33、l the next week. As you agreed, youll speak over the topic Prepare for the Future, the one which will be importantly for our career. And I write to you discuss more details about your speech.First, could you please let me know which kind of audio equipment you need? Because we need to make you hear
34、clearly. Beside, we need to know what specific needs you have when you stay here and I can make some arrangement in advance. Whats more, Ill have enough time to make sure the hotel provided you with what we need.Looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely，Li Hua答案：Dear Smith，Im delighted that you
35、have accepted our invitation to speak at my school next week. As you agreed, youll speak the topic Prepare for the the overabout/onFuture, the one which will be for our career. And I write to you importantlyimportantdiscuss more details about your speech.toFirst, could you please let me know kind of
36、 audio equipment you need? whichwhatBecause we need to make you clearly. ， we need to know what hearheard Beside Besidesspecific needs you have when you stay here and I can make some in arrangementarrangementsadvance. Whats more, Ill have enough time to make sure the hotel you providedprovideswith what need.weyouLooking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely，Li Hua
