2019年高考数学二轮复习专题七解析几何7.3直线与圆锥曲线课件文.ppt

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7.3 压轴大题2 直线与圆锥曲线,-2-,-3-,-4-,-5-,-6-,1.椭圆、双曲线中a,b,c,e之间的关系,-7-,2.求解圆锥曲线标准方程的方法是“先定型,后计算” (1)定型,就是指定类型,也就是确定圆锥曲线的焦点位置,从而设出标准方程. (2)计算,就是利用待定系数法求出方程中的a2,b2或p.另外,当焦点位置无法确定时,椭圆常设为mx2+ny2=1(m0,n0),双曲线常设为mx2-ny2=1(mn0),抛物线常设为y2=2ax或x2=2ay(a0). (3)椭圆与双曲线的方程形式上可统一为Ax2+By2=1,其中A,B是不相等的常数,当AB0时,表示焦点在y轴上的椭圆;当BA0时,表示焦点在x轴上的椭圆;当AB0时,表示双曲线. 3.在椭圆焦点三角形PF1F2中,F1PF2=,则 .,-8-,-9-,-10-,-11-,8.定值、定点问题必然是在变化中所表现出来的不变的量,那么就可以用变化的量表示问题中的直线方程、数量积、比例关系等,这些直线方程、数量积、比例关系不受变化的量所影响的一个点,就是要求的定点.解决这类问题的关键就是引进参数表示直线方程、数量积、比例关系等,根据等式的恒成立、数式变换等寻找不受参数影响的量. 9.点在圆锥曲线内部或外部的充要条件,

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