1、2015 年天津外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：84.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：42，分数：80.00)1.英译汉_2.ALS ice bucket challenge（分数：2.00）_3.“Big Data“（分数：2.00）_4.Bitcoin（分数：2.00）_5.carbon neutral（分数：2.00）_6.credit crunch（分数：2.00）_7.cross-border e-commerce（分数：2.00）_8.cloud computing（分数：2.00）_9.Ebola（分数：2.00）_10.genre（分数：2.0
2、0）_11.hip-pop（分数：2.00）_12.IPO（分数：2.00）_13.podcast（分数：2.00）_14.pragmatics（分数：2.00）_15.semantics（分数：2.00）_16.slacktivism（分数：2.00）_17.stylistics（分数：2.00）_18.unfriend（分数：2.00）_19.vape（分数：2.00）_20.Vladimir Putin（分数：2.00）_21.We Media（分数：2.00）_22.汉译英_23.阿里巴巴网络有限公司（分数：2.00）_24.“APEC 蓝”（分数：2.00）_25.博鳌亚洲论坛（分数
3、：2.00）_26.“大妈”（分数：2.00）_27.公务员（分数：2.00）_化境_29.简政放权（分数：2.00）_30.京津冀一体化（分数：2.00）_31.“老虎苍蝇一起打”（分数：2.00）_32.“老字号”（分数：2.00）_33.“裸官”（分数：2.00）_34.“女汉子”（分数：2.00）_35.“神舟十号”（分数：2.00）_36.“双十一”（分数：2.00）_37.“土豪”（分数：2.00）_38.语联网（分数：2.00）_39.语言服务业（分数：2.00）_40.“宅男”（分数：2.00）_41.中国话语体系（分数：2.00）_42.自贸试验区（分数：2.00）_二、英汉
4、互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)43.英译汉_44.New global rules to prevent banks that are “too big to fail“ from being bailed out by taxpayers have been proposed. The rules, created by the Financial Stability Board(FSB), a global monitoring body, would require big banks to hold much more money against losses. Mark Carn
5、ey, FSB chairman and governor of the Bank of England, said the plans were a “watershed“ moment. He said it had been “totally unfair“ for taxpayers to bail out banks after the financial crisis of 2008 and 2009. “ The banks and their shareholders and their creditors got the benefit when things went we
6、ll,“ he told the BBC. “ But when they went wrong the British public and subsequent generations picked up the billand thats going to end. “ Mr. Carney explained that the new system would ensure that bank shareholders, and lenders to banks such as bondholders, would become first in line to bear the br
7、unt of future losses if banks could not pay out of their own resources.Governments around the world spent hundreds of billions of pounds bailing out stricken banks during the financial crisis of 2007 - 2008. At its peak in the UK alone, taxpayersdirect subsidy to banks stood at more than 1 trillion
8、according to a recent report from the National Audit Office.In the wake of the financial crisis, world leaders asked the FSB to come up with proposals to prevent similar bailouts from happening in the future. The proposed new rules, which are up for consultation, require “global systemically importa
9、nt banks“ to hold a minimum amount of cash to ensure they will be able to survive big losses without turning to governments for help.The capital set aside should be worth 15% -20% of the banks assets, the FSB said. That is a far bigger cushion against losses than is required by current banking rules
10、. The FSB hopes this stronger policy will prevent taxpayers from being forced to pay billions of pounds again to stop big banks from collapsing, in the event of another financial crisis.The FSB has published a list of 30 banks it regards as “ systemically important,“ meaning their collapse could hav
11、e a wider impact on global financial systems. The UK government spent around 65bn directly bailing out RBS and Lloyds during the crisis. The government still owns an 80% stake in RBS and 25% of Lloyds.（分数：2.00）_45.汉译英_46.国家主席习近平出访坦桑尼亚时，“第一夫人”彭丽媛将国货护肤品“百雀羚”作为“国礼”相赠，老品牌“百雀羚”因“国礼”曝光走红。由此也让更多老国货重回人们的视野。
12、海鸥手表、飞鸽自行车、梅花运动服、双星鞋这些曾经悄悄地从市场上隐退的老国货，如今又逐渐回归并成为新时尚，正如一位一名“80 后”所言：“在我看来，复古就是一种时尚。” 在追捧国货的人群里，“70 后”“80 后”占了很大一部分。有网友说，“看到这些老物件，就能想起自己的少年或者是学生时代。”他们不愿意遗忘过去的这些美好，或许也是不愿过早地与过去告别。 今年 8 月刚刚“复出”的“上海关”汽水就是在经历辉煌、改革、消失后，在人们的期盼中又重新回到市民的生活中。装在透明玻璃瓶里的黄色橘子汽水曾是天津人几十年间的美好回忆。拿着喝过的空瓶到小卖店换汽水的情景，是不少人儿时最清凉的记忆。 曾有网络调查显
13、示：有一半以上网友认可老品牌国货，认为它们以其自身的实力赢得了消费者信赖并有不错的增长潜力。更有网友开玩笑“跑得了和尚跑不了庙，国产品牌还得面对父老乡亲”。 老国货的回归更多的是一种情感的回归，而能抗住时光的流逝并展现出自己品质的，一定是流行过后依然时尚。（分数：2.00）_2015 年天津外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：84.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：42，分数：80.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.ALS ice bucket challenge（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：美国 ALS(对抗肌萎缩侧索硬化征协会组织的“冰桶挑战”)解析：3.“
14、Big Data“（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：大数据)解析：4.Bitcoin（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：比特币)解析：5.carbon neutral（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：碳中和；碳平衡(指不会增加空气中的二氧化碳总量)解析：6.credit crunch（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：信贷紧缩)解析：7.cross-border e-commerce（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：跨境电子商务)解析：8.cloud computing（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：云计算)解析：9.Ebola（分数：2.00）_
15、正确答案：(正确答案：埃博拉病毒)解析：10.genre（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：体裁；类型)解析：11.hip-pop（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：嘻哈；嘻哈文化)解析：12.IPO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：首次公开募股(initial public offering)解析：13.podcast（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：播客)解析：14.pragmatics（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：语用学，语言实用学(研究语言使用及其和语境的关系)解析：15.semantics（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：语义学)解析：
16、16.slacktivism（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：懒汉行动主义)解析：17.stylistics（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：文体学；文体论)解析：18.unfriend（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：解除好友关系)解析：19.vape（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：电子烟)解析：20.Vladimir Putin（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：弗拉基米尔普京)解析：21.We Media（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：自媒体)解析：22.汉译英_解析：23.阿里巴巴网络有限公司（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：A
17、libaba Group)解析：24.“APEC 蓝”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：APEC blue)解析：25.博鳌亚洲论坛（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Boao Forum for Asia(BFA)解析：26.“大妈”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：dama(a group of Chinese ladies consisting mainly of married women between 40 and 60)解析：27.公务员（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：civil servant)解析：化境_正确答案：(正确答案：sublimati
18、on)解析：29.简政放权（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：streamline administration and delegate more power to the lower levels)解析：30.京津冀一体化（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the integration of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions)解析：31.“老虎苍蝇一起打”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：to crack down on both tigers and flies(to bring corrupt officials of all ranks
19、 to justice)解析：32.“老字号”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：time-honored brand)解析：33.“裸官”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：naked officials(government officials whose spouses and children have moved overseas)解析：34.“女汉子”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：tough girl)解析：35.“神舟十号”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Shenzhou X)解析：36.“双十一”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Nov
20、. 11th/Chinas Singles Day)解析：37.“土豪”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：newly rich)解析：38.语联网（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The Internet of Language(IOL)解析：39.语言服务业（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：language service industry)解析：40.“宅男”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：indoors man)解析：41.中国话语体系（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Chinese discourse system)解析：42.自贸试验区（分数
21、：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：pilot free trade zone)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)43.英译汉_解析：44.New global rules to prevent banks that are “too big to fail“ from being bailed out by taxpayers have been proposed. The rules, created by the Financial Stability Board(FSB), a global monitoring body, would require big banks
22、 to hold much more money against losses. Mark Carney, FSB chairman and governor of the Bank of England, said the plans were a “watershed“ moment. He said it had been “totally unfair“ for taxpayers to bail out banks after the financial crisis of 2008 and 2009. “ The banks and their shareholders and t
23、heir creditors got the benefit when things went well,“ he told the BBC. “ But when they went wrong the British public and subsequent generations picked up the billand thats going to end. “ Mr. Carney explained that the new system would ensure that bank shareholders, and lenders to banks such as bondholders, would become first in line to bear the brunt of future losses if banks could not pay out of their own resources.Governments around the world spent
