1、考博英语-635 及答案解析(总分：112.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：29，分数：28.50)1.Just as there are occupations that require college or even higher degrees, _ occupations for which technical training is necessary.A. so too there are B. so also there areC. so there are too D. so too are there（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2
2、.Practitioners of law and medicine are esteemed in many countries which seems to indicate that _ depends on profession or title.A. prestige B. superiority C. privilege D. merit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.What is it that the author wants to _ to his readers through the story?A. convey B. convince C. convert D
3、. conform（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The headquarters of this textile company is in New York while its 20 _ companies are located in different parts of the world.A. parent B. subsidiary C. inferior D. ultimate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Her successful jump brought a_cheer from the crowd.A. spontaneous B. homogenous C
4、. simultaneous D. instantaneous（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Some would consider such speech an infringement of good mariners whereas others would not.A. an example B. a violation C. an insult D. an indication（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The old building is in a good state of _ except for the wooden floors.A observation
5、 B preservation C conservation D compensation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.Generous public funding of basic science would _ considerable benefits for the countrys health, wealth and security.A. lead to B. result from C. lie in D. settle down（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.9.A goal of modern dance often is to express the danc
6、ers innermost feelings and emotions.A. most original B. most personal C. most selfish D. most enchanting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.I was _ in my reading, and didnt at first hear the doorbell ring.A. immured B. immersed C. busy D. infatuated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Mosquitoes are only means of _ of malaria.A. tr
7、ansference B. transformation C. transition D. transmission（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Would you please bring me some _catalogues? These are too old.Amodern Bfashionable Cup-to-date Dout-of-date（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.13.The puritan army executed the king, abolished the House of Lords, got the House of Commons to _
8、 England a “commonwealth“, or republic.A. proclaim B. reclaim C. exclaim D. declaim（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.I disapprove of diets so strongly because I think its wrong suddenly to _ your body of certain foods.A. deprive B. divert C. derive D. deviate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.15.Cancellation of the flight_many pas
9、sengers to spend the night at the airport.A. resulted B. obliged C. demanded D. recommended（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.When he realized the true nature of the proposal, he _ all communication with the group.A. convert B. reverted C. severed D. make（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.They worked for three days in _ without
10、feeling tried.A successive B. succession C. succeeding D. successful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.Being poorly dressed can _ your chance of getting a job.A. ruin B. eliminate C. reduce D. endanger（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Scientists are _certain that there is a cancer-inhibiting agent in the blood of the shark.Adub
11、iously Bvirtually Cqueerly Drandomly（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.20.Suspicious of too powerful a President, Americans nonetheless are _ when a President does not act decisively.A. unified B. indifferent C. content D. uneasy（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.21.The boy was not _ to leave class without an adequate reason.A. emitte
12、d B. admitted C. permitted D. remitted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.The speaker went on and on, _ to his listeners obvious boredom.A. obligated B. obsessive C. obvious D. oblivious（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.Some people feel that television should give less _ to sport.A. programs B. coverage C. concern D. involvement
13、（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.The police inspector, having received new information from a confidential source, decided to enlarge the _ of his enquiry.A. scope B. magnitude C. dimension D. volume（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.Building this road will _ the construction of ten bridges, then the total cost reaches 1 milli
14、on US Dollars.A. evolve B. involve C. revolve D. devolve（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.The Japanese dollar-buying makes traders eager to _ dollars in fear of another government intervention.A. let in B. let out C. let go of D. let off（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.27.Being able to move gives animals many advantages, but it
15、also generates its own demands. For any animal, _ movement can be unhelpful or even dangerous.A. ransom B. retrieve C. random D. redeem（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.28.He is a hypocrite, a liar, a thief _, he is the greatest devil I ever know.Aas a consequence Bas a ruleCas a matter of fact Das a matter of routi
16、ne（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.In most American cities, the rent for a one-bedroom apartment was $ 250 or more per month in recent years. In some smaller cities such as Louisville, Kentucky or Jacksonville, Florida the rent was less, but in larger cities it was more. For example, if you lived in Los Angeles, yo
17、u had to pay $ 400 or more to rent a one-bedroom apartment, and the same apartment rented for $ 625 and up in Chicago. The most expensive rents in the U. S. were in New York City, where you had to pay at least $ 700 a month to rent a one-bedroom apartment in most parts of the city.Renters and city p
18、lanners are worried about the high cost of renting apartments. Many cities now have rent-control laws to keep the cost of renting low. These laws help low income families who cannot pay high rents.Rent controls in the United States began in 1943 when the government imposed rent controls on all Ameri
19、can cities to help workers and the families of soldiers during World War 1. After the war, only one cityNew Yorkcontinued these World War controls. Recently, more and more cities have returned to rent controls. At the beginning of the 1980s, nearly one fifth of the people in the United States lived
20、in cities with rent-control laws.Many cities have rent-control laws, but why are rents so high? Builders and landlords blame rent controls for the high rents. Rents are high because there are not enough apart ments to rent, and they blame rent controls for the shortage of apartments. Builders want m
21、ore money to build more apartment buildings, and landlords want more money to repair their old apartment buildings. But they cannot increase rents to get this money because of the rent-control laws. As a result, landlords are not repairing their old apartments, and builders are not building new apar
22、tment buildings to replace the old apartment build ings. Builders are building apartments for high-income families, not low-income families, so low-income families must live in old apartments that are in disrepair. Builders and land lords claim that rent-control laws really hurt low-income families.
23、Many renters disagree with them. They say that rent control is not the problem. Even without rent controls, builders and landlords will continue to ignore low-income housing because they can make more money from high-income housing. The only answer, they claim, is more rent controls and government h
24、elp for low-income housing.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. The Highest Rent.B. Rent Controls.C. Buiiding Apartments for Low-Income Families.D. Rent-Control Laws.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The aim of the U. S. government in imposing rent controls on American c
25、ities in 1943 was to help_.A. workers and the families of soldiers B. low-income familiesC. up-middle-income families D. high-income families（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).This passage implies that the high cost of renting apartments is worried by_.A. some city governments B. low-income familiesC. renters and
26、 city planners D. all of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).It can be inferred from the passage that rent controls_.A. seem unable to control high rentsB. are successfulC. are favoured by builders and landlordsD. will be cancelled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).From the passage we learn that many renters disagree w
27、ith_.A. low-income families B. builders and landlordsC. high-income families D. the government（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：2，分数：14.00)Our theory and practice in the area of sentencing have undergone a gradual but dramatic metamorphosis through the years. Prim
28、itive man believed that a crime created an imbalance, which could be rectified only by punishing the wrongdoer. Thus, sentencing was initially vengeance-oriented. Gradually, emphasis began to be placed on the deterrent value of a sentence upon future wrongdoing.Though deterrence is still an importan
29、t consideration, increased emphasis on the possibility of reforming the offender-of returning him to the community a useful citizen bars the harsh penalties once imposed and brings into play a new set of sentencing criteria. Today, each offender is viewed as a unique individual, and the sentencing j
30、udge seeks to know why he has committed the crime and what are the chances of a repetition of the offense. The judges prime objective is not to punish but to treat.This emphasis on treatment of the individual has created a host of new problems. In seeking to arrive at the best treatment for individu
31、al prisoners, judges must weigh an imposing array of factors. I believe that the primary aim of every sentence is the prevention of future crime. Little can be done to correct past damage, and a sentence will achieve its objective to the extent that it upholds general respect for the law, discourage
32、s those tempted to commit similar crimes, and leads to the rehabilitation of the offender, so that he will not run afoul of the law again. Where the offender is so hardened that rehabilitation is plainly impossible, the sentence may be designed to segregate the offender from society so that he will
33、be unable to do any future harm. The balancing of these interacting, and often mutually antagonistic, factors requires more than a good heart and a sense of fair play on the judges part, although these are certainly prerequisites. It requires the judge to know as much as he can about the prisoner be
34、fore him. He should know the probable effects of sentences upon those who might commit similar crimes and how the prisoner is likely to react to imprisonment or probation. Because evaluation of these various factors may differ from judge to judge, the same offense will be treated differently by diff
35、erent judges.The task of improving our sentencing techniques is so important to the nations moral health that it deserves far more careful attention than it now receives from the bar and many civic-minded individuals who usually lead even the judges in the fight for legal reform approach this subjec
36、t with apathy or with erroneous preconceptions. For example, I have observed the sentiment shared by many that, after a judge has sentenced several hundred defendants, the whole process becomes one of callous routine. I have heard this feeling expressed even by attorneys who should know better.（分数：8
37、.00）(1).In determining what sentence to impose, a judge today _.A. tries to punish the offender B. is callousC. is inconsistent D. tries to prevent future crimes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Ancient sentences were motivated by _.A. a desire to reform B. imbalanceC. a desire for revenge D. a desire to deter f
38、uture wrongdoing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following statements cannot be inferred from the selection?A. A judge should treat each offender as an individual.B. A judge should try to correct past damage.C. The problem of sentencing deserves study.D. A judge refrains from imposing harsh penalti
39、es.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Metamorphosis (in Paragraph 1) means _.A. stability B. interpretation C. lethargy D. change（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.States are considering major changes in prepaid college tuition programsraising prices, restricting participation or canceling themas they grapple with financial woes.
40、Nationwide, families will likely have to pay more to participate, or accept that they might not cover tuition when children go to college.Colorado has closed its prepaid plan to new investors and told existing ones that it may not cover future tuition increases. Wisconsin stopped selling its plan De
41、c. 20. Maryland and Illinois are among states hiking prices by 20% or more.Prepaid plans let parents lock in tuition by paying for it now, protecting them against rising costs. But the bear market has hurt investment returns, leaving the plans unable to keep up with big increases in tuition. So far,
42、 Colorado is the only state that has told participants their investments may not cover tuition, and no plan has missed a payment.Other states have said they will fulfill obligations, even if it requires a legislative bailout. Still, the financial problems have forced thousands to grapple with uncert
43、aintysomething prepaid plans were designed to avoid. More than 1 million families have an estimated $8 billion invested in the plans, says SavingforC.Some states, including Colorado, may replace the prepaid plan with a guaranteed investment con tract, a CD-like investment thats backed by an insuranc
44、e company. Investors get a minimum rate of re mm, but no guarantee that it will cover tuition.Wisconsins EdVest program is encouraging investment in a stable value fund, which is similar to a guaranteed investment contract, in its investment plan. Wisconsins prepaid plan never guaranteed to cover tu
45、ition inflation. It also never get a lot of investors, possibly because it lacked that guarantee.In Florida, a task force is considering limiting the states prepaid program to low-income families. Ohio officials are also looking at limiting participation, but its a measure they hope to avoid. “Progr
46、am administrators are looking for alternatives, “says Andrea Feirstein, a state-plan consultant.Maryland recently boosted its prices by up to 30%; Illinois by up to 23%. The increases have made some prepaid plans uneconomical for parents of older children. In Ohio, the price of one years tuition for
47、 a child over 12 months old is $8,000, more than 40% above current tuition at Ohio State. So it may not be a good deal for children starting college in three or four years because tuition may not jump that much that fast.（分数：6.00）(1).Prepaid college tuition is generally designed on the principle tha
48、t _.A. it is easy to pay at the present timeB. it is economical in the long nmC. is saves pains to pass the entrance examD. it ensures the admission to the college（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Many states plan to modify their prepaid college tuition programs _.A. under the mounting financial pressuresB. beca
49、use of deficient college facilitiesC. to ease overcrowding problems in collegeD. to limit the participation of low-income families（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The word “investors“ (in boldface in Paragraph 2) most exactly refers to those who _.A. serve as the main source of finance to the stateB. invest money in developing local collegesC. sponsor colleges and t
