1、考研英语(一)-72 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)On April 20,2000, in Accra, Ghana, the leaders of six West African countries declared their intention to proceed to monetary union among the non-CFA franc countries of the region by January 2003, as first step toward a wider m
2、onetary union including all the ECOWAS countries in 2004. The six countries 1 themselves to reducing central bank financing of budget deficits 2 10 percent of the previous years government 3 ; reducing budget deficits to 4 percent of the second phase by 2003; creating a Convergence Council to help c
3、ontrol macroeconomic policies; and 5 up a common central bank. Their declaration 6 that, “Member States 7 the need 8 strong political commitment and 9 to 10 all such national policies 11 would facilitate the regional monetary integration process.“ The goal of a monetary union in ECOWAS has long been
4、 an objective of the organization, going back to its formation in 1975, and is intended to 12 broader integration process that would include enhanced regional trade and 13 institutions. In the colonial period, currency boards linked sets of countries in the region. 14 independence, 15 , these curren
5、cy boards were 16 , with the 17 of the CFA franc zone, which included the francophone countries of the region. Although there have been attempts to advance the agenda of ECOWAS monetary cooperation, political problems and other economic priorities in several of the region“s countries have to 18 inhi
6、bited progress. Although some problems remain, the recent initiative has been bolstered by the election in 1999 of a democratic government and a leader who is committed to regional 19 in Nigeria, the largest economy of the region, raising hopes that the long-delayed project can be 20 .（分数：10.00）A.co
7、mmittedB.devotedC.adjustedD.attributedA.toB.byC.withD.untilA.financeB.profitC.incomeD.revenueA.coordinateB.draftC.ordinateD.compromiseA.buildingB.settingC.foundingD.erectingA.saysB.writesC.readsD.statesA.acceptB.understandC.recognizeD.realizeA.forB.ofC.withD.withoutA.commenceB.undertakeC.initiateD.t
8、ryA.pursueB.seekC.questD.exploreA.whichB.thatC.asD.whatA.accompanyB.enforceC.executeD.compelA.commonB.separateC.severalD.publicA.TowardsB.FromC.ByD.OnA.thereforeB.moreoverC.howeverD.thusA.dissolvedB.dischargedC.dismissedD.dispelledA.considerationB.intentionC.exceptionD.regardA.dateB.deterC.hinderD.d
9、elayA.developmentB.prosperityC.integrationD.cooperationA.revivedB.renewC.restoreD.refreshed二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It“s often been said that history is written by the winners. This was never more true than on March 12, when the Texas board of
10、 education voted 10-5 in favor of curriculum standards that would promote conservative takes on controversial issues in the pages of the state“s textbooks. The changes, expected to win final approval in May, include an increased emphasis on and sympathetic treatment of such Republican standards as t
11、he National Rifle Association and the Moral Majority. They also boast the advantage of capitalism and the role of Christianity in the nation“s founding. Even Thorn as Jefferson“s profile will be reduced; some board members were less than fond of his ideas about the division of church and state. This
12、 is not Texas“ first such skirmish. Since the 1970s, the state has tried to drop books that were seen as too liberal or anti-Christian, to omit passages on the gay-rights movement and to tone down global-warming arguments. But the nation“s battle over textbooks stretches back almost half a century e
13、arlier. In 1925, Tennessee“s Butler Act (which was abolished in 1967) made it illegal to teach “any theory that denies the story of the Divine Creation of man as taught in the Bible“. The Scopes “monkey trial“ famously followed. In 1974, a clash erupted in Kanawha County, West Virginia, over the con
14、troversial writings of such authors as George Orwell, Arthur Miller and Alien Ginsberg. Opposition was so heated that some schools were threatened with explosions. As one of America“s largest textbook buyers, the Longhorn State has a good deal of sway over what is sold to schools nationwide. And whi
15、le Napoleon may have maintained that “history is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upon“, getting Texans to come together on the past may prove to be their Waterloo.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be learned from the first paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.the Texas board of education vote
16、d to decide whether to teach history in schoolsB.the problems of the capitalist society are criticized in the Texan textbooksC.the political standard in Texan textbooks is more similar to that of the RepublicansD.most Texas education board members are for the division of church and state(2).The word
17、 “skirmish“ (Line 1, Para. 2) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.accidentB.conflictC.challengeD.disaster(3).Which of the following is true according to the second paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.The Texans hold a favorable attitude towards religionB.The Texans are sympathetic with the gay-rights movementC.It was
18、 illegal to teach religion in Tennessean schools in 1920sD.George Orwell was widely hailed by West Virginians in 1970s(4).What can be learned from the last paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Longhorn State is the largest textbook painter in the UB.The textbook choice in many American schools is affected by Longho
19、rn StateC.The Texans share the same opinion with Napoleon about past eventsD.The Texans would eventually reach an agreement on the choice of textbooks(5).What“s the author“s main purpose in writing this passage?（分数：2.00）A.To describe the winners in historyB.To reveal the social problem in AmericaC.T
20、o give a brief account of Napoleon“s opinionD.To illustrate the textbook wars in the U五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Internet data shows that younger adults have become the primary audience obsessed with television programs about altering people“s appearance. Once the domain of the female in her fifties, p
21、lastic surgery has become the obsession of the younger Internet users. The recent tragic death of Stephanie Kuleba, an 18-year-old high school cheer-leader who died as a result of a plastic surgery, brought our attention to the pursuit of a more “ideal“ body amongst teenagers. In fact, search data c
22、onfirms this phenomenon. One of the most popular sites visited from the search term “plastic surgery“ is the official site of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (www. plasticsurgery. org). Over 25% of visitors to the site fell within the 18-to-24-year-oldthat“s up from 19.6% two years ago. Pla
23、stic surgery has become an American obsession. Checking other markets, such as the U.K. and Australia, the 18-to-24-year-old fascination with plastic surgery is a definitely U.S. phenomenon. Looking at other health related sites visited by 18-to-24- year-olds reveals just how obsessed this age group
24、 is with appearance. Unlike the older groups who visit sites related to diseases and keeping healthy, younger Internet users flock to sites that dwell on personal appearance, such as those focused on body-building, weight loss and skin-care. And definitely plastic surgery. While surgery-themed telev
25、ision may be driving the interest of a younger audience, one factor appears to be key in moderating teens from altering their bodies: the failing U.S. economy. If we track the trend in searches on topics such as “plastic surgery“, there has been a sharp decline in all plastic surgery topics over the
26、 last year. It may very well be related to the noticeable income group of visitorsU.S. households that earn less than $30,000 per year. In fact, if we look at the search patterns around popular surgeries, over the last year the term “cost“ appear most commonly. While older age groups continue to sea
27、rch for information on procedures such as face-lifts or liposuction, it“s the younger Internet users who in tough economic times are focusing on improving their outer beauty, though at a discount price.（分数：10.00）(1).Why does the author mention the death of the 18-year-old cheerleader?（分数：2.00）A.To s
28、how cheerleaders pay more attention to their appearanceB.To warn people that plastic surgery is not as safe as it is said to beC.To prove the fact that people will pursue beauty at any costD.To draw attention to the issue of young people having plastic surgery(2).While young people are surfing on th
29、e Internet, they are very interested in _.（分数：2.00）A.how to be physically and mentally healthyB.how to make themselves look youngC.how to prevent and cure diseasesD.how to have more attractive appearance(3).What is a cause for young people to pay attention to plastic surgery?（分数：2.00）A.The TV progra
30、ms show the excellent result of plastic surgeryB.There are so many plastic surgery websites on the InternetC.The school cheerleaders look so wonderful after plastic surgeryD.Through plastic surgery, the fifty-year-old female can look so young(4).What may affect young people“s decision on whether to
31、have plastic surgery?（分数：2.00）A.The safety of the operationB.The total expense of the surgeryC.The need for having the operationD.The results of the surgery(5).What can we learn from the last paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Americans, old or young, are obsessed with plastic surgeryB.Face-lifts and liposuction
32、are the most expensive plastic surgeryC.Outer beauty means more to young people than inner beautyD.Young people often get discount when having plastic surgery六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)CORNELL“S SUICIDE PROBLEM. That“s the description that broadcasted across the bottom of CNN during this morning“s segm
33、ent about the university installing fences to prevent people from jumping into the gap. Actually, CNN, it“s not a suicide problem so much as a media problema problem stemming from outlets like yours that are quick to spread the myth that Cornell is the “suicide school“. The New York Times is guilty,
34、 too. After the third Cornell suicide in less than a month, the Times ran a front-page story that said the university was on “high alert about the mental health of its students“ and that the recent deaths “have cast a golly atmosphere over the university and renewed talk of Cornell“s reputationunsup
35、-ported, say officialsas a high-stress “suicide school“. But it“s not until deep into the jump, on April 25th, that the article addresses the actual statistics, which indicate that Cornell“s rate of suicides is no higher than the national average for a university of that size (about two a year). Oth
36、er high-pressure colleges have more troubling numbers to contend with. MIT“s suicide rate since 1964, when the university started keeping track, is about 14.6 per 100,000 students, according to an article in MIT“s student newspaper, The Tech, compared to about 4.3 per 100,000 over the same time peri
37、od at Cornell. And although the recent concentration of Cornell suicides is tragic and remarkable, it comes on the heels of four years without a single one. But the suicide-free years don“t make headlines; jumpers do. Granted, I“m a proud Cornell alumna, so I“m particularly sensitive about these mis
38、conceptions. But I like to think I“m relatively objective about my alma mater. Cornell suicides, when they occur, tend to be dramatic. They get national media attention with frightening images like the ones CNN was flashing today of guys in uniforms watching the campus bridges. The idea of a stresse
39、d-out undergraduate throwing himself into a deep gapit“s frightening, and it stays with you. So much so that you probably remember it as more exaggerated a problem than it actually is. Individuals can“t be faulted for thatour brains do funny things with unreliable evidence. But media outlets are dif
40、ferent, and should be found at fault when they fan these misconceptions.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, the suicide problem in Cornell University is _.（分数：2.00）A.a psychological problem of the studentsB.a management problem of the universityC.a social problem caused by the government
41、D.a man-made problem exaggerated by the media(2).It can be inferred from the passage that _.（分数：2.00）A.there was also a suicide case in The New York Times recentlyB.there were at least three suicides in Cornell within a monthC.The New York Times tried to cover the truth by giving fake dataD.The New
42、York Times criticized CNN for its false report(3).Which of the following is true according to the second paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.There is no accurate data published on the suicide issueB.Cornell“s suicide rate is below the national standardC.Cornell“s suicide rate is just a little higher than that of M
43、ITD.The media has always been focusing on Cornell during recent years(4).It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.the writer was once a student studying in CornellB.some plays will be made according to the suicidesC.it“s hard for people to remember the suicides longD.the media ar
44、e free to make comments on social issues(5).The attitude of the author towards the media is one of _.（分数：2.00）A.supportiveB.neutralC.admiringD.critical七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Most of the illusions that defined the tate global economic boomthe notion that global growth had moved to a non-stop higher
45、plane and housing prices from Miami to Mumbai would rise indefinitelyare now indeed exhausted. Yet one idea still has the power to capture imaginations and markets: it is that commodities like oil, copper, grains and gold are all destined to rise over time. Lots of smart people believe that last yea
46、r“s increase in commodities prices represented a pause in a long-term bull market. It“s view rooted in powerful and real trends, like the growth of India, the decline in global reserves, fears over resource nationalization and long-term lack of investment in energy and agriculture, which limits supp
47、ly. At any point in time, there are always new economic powers emerging on the global scene, yet product prices have continued to fall. The 1980s and 1990s were a relatively strong period for the global economy, and India was growing at an average pace of 7 percent. But prices for most commodities d
48、id not follow, oil, for example, never broke through the upper limit of $40 a barrel. The reason oil prices did not spike higher is simple: demand for any product is price-elastic, which means that once the price goes too high, consumers stop buying it or make heroic efforts to find a substitute. Th
49、ere is good reason to believe that the world just passed a similar turning point. The last boom in the oil prices collapsed in 1979, when total spending on oil exceeded 7 percent of global GDP. Last year, spending on oil hit a similar share of global GDP, and the price has since fallen by more than two thirds. Yet markets are still betting that the price of oil is poised to spike again. Some analysts predict $90 a barrel by 2012. It“s worth noting that until as recently as 2005, the markets acted on the exact opposite assumption. For years, spor
