1、考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 27 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_It took decades to prove that cigarette smoking causes cancer, heart disease,
2、and early death. It took【C1】_years to establish that secondhand smoke also kills. Now scientists are worried about another cigarette-related phenomenon: thirdhand smoke. It“s real, and it“s found everywhere. Without knowing it, indoor smokers have left a toxic【C2】_that continues years after their la
3、st cigarette was extinguished. Researchers now know that thirdhand smoke combines with some substances to create new compounds. Thirdhand smoke【C3】_and settles with dust,【C4】_down to carpeting and furniture【C5】_, and makes its way deep into the material in paneling and wall. It【C6】_in the hair, skin
4、, clothing, and fingernails of smokers【C7】_a mother who doesn“t smoke【C8】_her kids, smokes outside, then comes inside and holds the baby is exposing that child to thirdhand smoke. The new compounds are【C9】_to clean up, have a long life of their own, and many may cause cancer. And the contamination b
5、ecomes more toxic【C10】_time. No one knows, in this relatively new field of research, how long the compounds created by smoke and environmental pollutants last. “In homes where we know no smoker has lived for 20 years, we“ve still found【C11】_of these compounds in dust, in wallboard,“ says a scientist
6、. But scientists do know that babies and children are most【C12】_to the toxic effects of thirdhand smoke. They【C13】_on rugs, fall asleep on carpets, and teethe on furniture, all of which could be【C14】_with thirdhand smoke. Researchers aren“t just worried about the risk of cancer. Thirdhand smoke coul
7、d be【C15】_other health problems. Those who move into houses or apartments【C16】_owned by smokers might be exposed as well. And thirdhand smoke is difficult to【C17】_. It“s virtually impossible to remove this stuff【C18】_you remove the flooring and wall. Experts say much more work needs to be done on th
8、e【C19】_of the problem, the health risks, and effective ways to clean up the compounds. They advise parents not to expose their children to thirdhand smoke, not to【C20】_hotel rooms or cars used by smokers.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.extraordinaryB.additionalC.typicalD.excessive(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.vap
9、orB.fireC.legacyD.cloud(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.developsB.mixesC.coversD.explodes(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.rollsB.circlesC.dropsD.drifts(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.surfacesB.structuresC.ornamentsD.textiles(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.residesB.trapsC.lingersD.sticks(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.sinceB.thoughC.soD.provided(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.fa
10、r fromB.but forC.with respect toD.in front of(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.convenientB.difficultC.expensiveD.awful(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.withB.behindC.onD.against(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.estimateB.supportC.evidenceD.expression(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.immuneB.resistantC.ignorantD.vulnerable(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.jumpB.walk
11、C.crawlD.run(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.saturatedB.stainedC.coveredD.steeped(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.identified withB.negligible forC.targeted atD.responsible for(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.currentlyB.formerlyC.largelyD.directly(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.abolishB.eliminateC.deleteD.exclude(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.unlessB.while
12、C.ifD.once(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.exteriorB.descriptionC.essenceD.extent(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.rentB.decorateC.consumeD.retrieveDespite helping to record events, photos could damage our memories. Researchers found people who take pictures have【C1】_remembering what actually happened. This phenomenon has b
13、een named “photo-taking impairment effect“. From children“s birthdays to that long-awaited family holiday, we all want to remember those【C2】_moments with a photograph.【C3】_if you“re one of those people who can“t stop【C4】_beware thenyou could【C5】_forgetting it all in a flash. A study has found that t
14、aking too many photos may prevent us from forming detailed memories. Researchers from Harvard University, the University of Wisconsin-Madison and Columbia University in the U.S. recently found that many people now use the Internet【C6】_a memory. They claimed that when someone wants to know something
15、they now use the Internet【C7】_an “external memory“ just as computers use an external hard【C8】_. The study continued that we are now so【C9】_on smartphones and laptops, we go into “withdrawal when we can“t find out something【C10】_“. Far from helping us to【C11】_the moment, it could mean we miss what“s
16、going on right in front of our noses. Researchers led a group of students around a museum and asked them to either photograph or try to remember certain works of art and historical【C12】_. The next day, their memory was tested. It showed they were【C13】_at recognizing objects they had photographed tha
17、n those they had only looked at. They were also poorer at【C14】_details of the objects they had taken pictures of. Dr Linda Henkel, who conducted the study at Fair field University in Connecticut, said: “People so often【C15】_out their cameras almost mindlessly. When people rely on technology to remem
18、ber for them, it can have a【C16】_impact on how well they remember their【C17】_.“ Previous studies have suggested that【C18】_old photos can help us remember, but only if we spend long enough doing it. “In order to remember, we have to【C19】_and interact with the photos, rather than just【C20】_them,“ said
19、 Dr Henkel.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.puzzleB.troubleC.difficultyD.fuss(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.cherishedB.perishedC.unexpectedD.limited(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.AndB.OrC.ButD.What(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.trackingB.markingC.tapingD.snapping(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.end upB.comply withC.adjust toD.begin with(6).【C6】（分数：2.00
20、）A.for fear ofB.in terms ofC.in place ofD.in the interests of(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.withB.asC.byD.from(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.wareB.coreC.driveD.line(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.dependentB.relatedC.reliableD.confident(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.permanentlyB.constantlyC.immediatelyD.perfectly(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.forgetB.omitC
21、.captureD.review(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.recordsB.exhibitsC.possessionsD.legends(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.busierB.betterC.worseD.harder(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.recallingB.collectingC.recoveringD.releasing(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.wipeB.whipC.giveD.hand(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.positiveB.negligibleC.affirmativeD.negative(1
22、7).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.delightsB.experiencesC.sorrowsD.occurrences(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.reviewingB.inspectingC.valuatingD.ranking(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.assessB.processC.ascendD.access(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.frameB.accumulateC.shareD.process考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 27 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：
23、120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：It took decades to prove that cigarette smoking causes cancer, heart disease, and early death. It took【C1】_years to establish that secondhand smok
24、e also kills. Now scientists are worried about another cigarette-related phenomenon: thirdhand smoke. It“s real, and it“s found everywhere. Without knowing it, indoor smokers have left a toxic【C2】_that continues years after their last cigarette was extinguished. Researchers now know that thirdhand s
25、moke combines with some substances to create new compounds. Thirdhand smoke【C3】_and settles with dust,【C4】_down to carpeting and furniture【C5】_, and makes its way deep into the material in paneling and wall. It【C6】_in the hair, skin, clothing, and fingernails of smokers【C7】_a mother who doesn“t smok
26、e【C8】_her kids, smokes outside, then comes inside and holds the baby is exposing that child to thirdhand smoke. The new compounds are【C9】_to clean up, have a long life of their own, and many may cause cancer. And the contamination becomes more toxic【C10】_time. No one knows, in this relatively new fi
27、eld of research, how long the compounds created by smoke and environmental pollutants last. “In homes where we know no smoker has lived for 20 years, we“ve still found【C11】_of these compounds in dust, in wallboard,“ says a scientist. But scientists do know that babies and children are most【C12】_to t
28、he toxic effects of thirdhand smoke. They【C13】_on rugs, fall asleep on carpets, and teethe on furniture, all of which could be【C14】_with thirdhand smoke. Researchers aren“t just worried about the risk of cancer. Thirdhand smoke could be【C15】_other health problems. Those who move into houses or apart
29、ments【C16】_owned by smokers might be exposed as well. And thirdhand smoke is difficult to【C17】_. It“s virtually impossible to remove this stuff【C18】_you remove the flooring and wall. Experts say much more work needs to be done on the【C19】_of the problem, the health risks, and effective ways to clean
30、 up the compounds. They advise parents not to expose their children to thirdhand smoke, not to【C20】_hotel rooms or cars used by smokers.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.extraordinaryB.additional C.typicalD.excessive解析：解析：上句说明研究者花了数十年证明吸烟的危害性，此句承接上句，提到二手烟同样会致人死亡。二手烟的危害这一结论应当是在“吸烟有害”的结论上经过额外的时间和研究得出来的。B 项
31、additional“额外的”符合语义要求。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.vaporB.fireC.legacy D.cloud解析：解析：空格处名词为动词 left 的宾语，说明室内的吸烟者们(indoor smokers)会在吸完烟后留在室内的物质，且该物质还能持续数年。C 项 legacy“遗产，遗留物”代入后与空格前的 toxic 搭配能表示“有害的遗留物”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.developsB.mixes C.coversD.explodes解析：解析：上一句提到三手烟会与其他物质结合(combines with some substances)。空格后的
32、 dust 属于其中一种，故 B 项 mixes“混合”正确，对应上句中的 combines 一词。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.rollsB.circlesC.dropsD.drifts 解析：解析：根据空格后 down to carpeting(落到地毯上)，可推测此处是三手烟的运动方式和过程。一般来说，烟(雾)是飘散在空中，D 项 drifts“漂移”满足逻辑要求。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.surfaces B.structuresC.ornamentsD.textiles解析：解析：空格处的名词与 carpeting 一起作此分句中的宾语，表明 Thirdhand
33、smoke 运动到的地方。对于家具(furniture)而言，它一般是附着在其表面，选 A 项 surfaces。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.residesB.trapsC.lingers D.sticks解析：解析：破折号后的句子说明：一个在室外吸烟的妈妈进门抱孩子时仍会将孩子暴露于三手烟中，由此可判断香烟中的有害物质会留在吸烟者的身上头发、皮肤、衣服和指甲中。C 项 lingers“萦绕，徘徊，逗留”能满足语义要求。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.sinceB.thoughC.so D.provided解析：解析：破折号前的句子承接上文说明三手烟会出现在吸烟者的身上，空格后
34、句子说明在外面吸烟的妈妈回到家里抱孩子其实是将孩子暴露于三手烟中。前后句子间存在一定的因果关系。故 C 项 so 符合要求。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.far fromB.but forC.with respect toD.in front of 解析：解析：从空格后的 smokes outside(在外面吸烟)便可知道妈妈没有在孩子面前吸烟。D 项 in front of 与 doesn“t 搭配，表明没有在孩子面前吸烟。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.convenientB.difficult C.expensiveD.awful解析：解析：逗号后分句 have a lon
35、g life of their own 说明新的化合物“能存在很长时间”，由此可判断这种化合物清除起来很难。故 B 项 difficult 正确。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.with B.behindC.onD.against解析：解析：此句中 contamination(污染物)指的是上文提到的新化合物(new compounds)。上句提到新的化合物会存在很长时间，因此可推断它是会随着时间的推移而变得越来越有毒(becomes more toxic)。A 项 with 搭配 time 可满足语境要求。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.estimateB.support
36、C.evidence D.expression解析：解析：上句谈到没有人知道三手烟和环境污染物产生的化合物会存在多久。可以推断空格所在句想表达的是“二十年都没有吸烟者居住过的房子里，仍然能找到这种化合物”。C 项 evidence“证据，凭证”搭配 of these compounds 指“化合物存在的证据”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.immuneB.resistantC.ignorantD.vulnerable 解析：解析：下一句提到婴儿和孩子的行为(在地毯上睡觉、咬家具等)，可知他们很容易接触到有三手烟毒素的地方。因而也会容易受到毒害。D 项 vulnerable 搭配介词
37、 to 意为“易受的伤害”，可说明幼儿最容易受到三手烟毒素的影响。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.jumpB.walkC.crawl D.run解析：解析：句中的主语 They 指代的是 babies and children，而 fall asleep on carpets，andteethe on furniture 涉及的是婴幼儿的行为习惯。C 项 crawl“爬行”是婴儿活动的典型动作，且在毯子上爬行会最近距离接触三手烟遗留下来的有害物质。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.saturated B.stainedC.coveredD.steeped解析：解析：空格前的
38、which 指代前一分句中的 rugs、carpets 和 furniture。第二段曾提到三手烟会藏身于地毯家具间。A 项 saturated 有“使充满”的意思，代入后可说明这些东西(which 所指)都可能充满三手烟。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.identified withB.negligible forC.targeted atD.responsible for 解析：解析：该段首句表明研究者不只是担心三手烟会带来得癌症的风险，可判断研究者认为三手烟或许还会带来其他的健康问题。D 项 responsible for“对负责”，表明三手烟还应对其他健康问题负责。(16).
39、【C16】（分数：2.00）A.currentlyB.formerly C.largelyD.directly解析：解析：根据上文提到的妈妈吸烟后抱孩子的例子和三手烟能在室内残留很久的事实，可以判断如果从前的主人吸烟，房子或公寓就会残留有三手烟。B 项 formerly“以前地，原来地”符合句子和文章的逻辑要求。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.abolishB.eliminate C.deleteD.exclude解析：解析：下一句表明清除三手烟几乎是不可能的，那么三手烟应该是难以消除的。因此 B 项eliminate“清除，去除”正确。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.un
40、less B.whileC.ifD.once解析：解析：三手烟存在于各种地方，可见只有打掉地板和墙(remove the flooring and wall)，才能清除三手烟。A 项 unless“除非”满足语义和逻辑要求。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.exteriorB.descriptionC.essenceD.extent 解析：解析：介词 on 则表明工作所涉及的领域。the problem 指的是三手烟的危害，D 项 extent“范围，程度”代入后指问题的程度。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.rent B.decorateC.consumeD.retrieve
41、解析：解析：上文多处提到三手烟会残留在室内并且难以清除，考虑到三手烟对孩子的危害，应判断专家建议父母不要住进吸烟者用过的酒店或使用他们用过的汽车。A 项 rent“租用”符合句意。Despite helping to record events, photos could damage our memories. Researchers found people who take pictures have【C1】_remembering what actually happened. This phenomenon has been named “photo-taking impairmen
42、t effect“. From children“s birthdays to that long-awaited family holiday, we all want to remember those【C2】_moments with a photograph.【C3】_if you“re one of those people who can“t stop【C4】_beware thenyou could【C5】_forgetting it all in a flash. A study has found that taking too many photos may prevent
43、 us from forming detailed memories. Researchers from Harvard University, the University of Wisconsin-Madison and Columbia University in the U.S. recently found that many people now use the Internet【C6】_a memory. They claimed that when someone wants to know something they now use the Internet【C7】_an
44、“external memory“ just as computers use an external hard【C8】_. The study continued that we are now so【C9】_on smartphones and laptops, we go into “withdrawal when we can“t find out something【C10】_“. Far from helping us to【C11】_the moment, it could mean we miss what“s going on right in front of our no
45、ses. Researchers led a group of students around a museum and asked them to either photograph or try to remember certain works of art and historical【C12】_. The next day, their memory was tested. It showed they were【C13】_at recognizing objects they had photographed than those they had only looked at.
46、They were also poorer at【C14】_details of the objects they had taken pictures of. Dr Linda Henkel, who conducted the study at Fair field University in Connecticut, said: “People so often【C15】_out their cameras almost mindlessly. When people rely on technology to remember for them, it can have a【C16】_
47、impact on how well they remember their【C17】_.“ Previous studies have suggested that【C18】_old photos can help us remember, but only if we spend long enough doing it. “In order to remember, we have to【C19】_and interact with the photos, rather than just【C20】_them,“ said Dr Henkel.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.puzzleB.trouble C.difficultyD.fuss解析：解析：本文第一句指出拍照会损伤记忆(damage our memories)，本句进一步进行解释，说拍照的人记忆所发生事情的情况。既然拍照会损伤记忆，那么在记忆事情时肯定有困难。因此选 B 项，have trouble doing意为“做困难”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.cherished B.perishedC.unexpectedD.limited解析：解析：空格前的 those 指代的是句首的 childrens birthdays 和 that long-w
