1、考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 7 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_It is a commonplace among moralists that you cannot get happiness by pursuing i
2、t. This is only true if you pursue it【C1】_. Gamblers at Monte Carlo are pursuing money, and most of them lose it instead, but there are other ways of pursuing money, which often【C2】_. So it is with happiness. If you pursue it【C3】_drink, you are forgetting the hangover. Epicurus pursued it by living
3、a life surrounded by friends and eating only dry bread,【C4】_by a little cheese on feast days. His【C5】_proved successful in his case, but he was not healthy, and most people would need something more【C6】_. For most people, the pursuit of happiness, 【C7】_supplemented in various ways, is too abstract a
4、nd theoretical to be adequate【C8】_a personal rule of life. But I think that whatever personal rule of life you may choose it should not, except in rare and heroic cases, be incompatible with happiness. There are a great many people who have all the【C9】_conditions of happiness, i.e. health and a suff
5、icient income, and who,【C10】_, are profoundly unhappy. In such cases it would seem as if the【C11】_must lie with a wrong theory as to how to live. In one sense, we may say that any theory as to how to live is wrong. We imagine ourselves more different from the animals than we are. Animals live on【C12
6、】_, and are happy as long as external conditions are【C13】_. If you have a cat it will enjoy life if it has food and warmth and opportunities for a(n)【C14】_night on the tiles. Your needs are more complex than those of your cat, but they still have their basis in【C15】_. In civilized societies, especia
7、lly in English-speaking societies, this is too【C16】_to be forgotten. People propose to themselves some one paramount objective, and【C17】_all impulses that do not minister to it. A businessman may be so【C18】_to grow rich that to this end he【C19】_health and private affections. When at last he has beco
8、me rich, no【C20】_remains to him except pushing other people to imitate his noble example.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.eagerlyB.reasonablyC.reluctantlyD.unwisely(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.succeedB.enrichC.winD.defeat(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.at the expense ofB.by means ofC.in need ofD.for fear of(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.
9、compensatedB.supplementedC.accompaniedD.accumulated(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.lifeB.methodC.happinessD.friendship(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.prosperousB.rigorousC.vigorousD.gorgeous(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.asB.thoughC.unlessD.if(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.asB.toC.byD.on(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.spiritualB.materialC.economicalD.social(10)
10、.【C10】（分数：2.00）A.neverthelessB.thereforeC.otherwiseD.hence(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.flawB.drawbackC.defectD.fault(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.intelligenceB.imitationC.impulseD.impression(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.vulnerableB.availableC.endurableD.favorable(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.enthusiasticB.occasionalC.indifferentD.und
11、erlying(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.lifeB.natureC.instinctD.personality(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.abruptB.absurdC.acuteD.apt(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.hinderB.restrainC.refrainD.abolish(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.anxiousB.promisingC.luckyD.possible(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.abandonsB.cherishesC.sacrificesD.ignores(20).【C20】（分数：2.00
12、）A.pleasureB.propertyC.wealthD.opportunitiesMass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It speeded up physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it【C1】_the inherent instability of urban life.【C2】_opening vast areas of un
13、occupied land for residential expansion, the buses,【C3】_. commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more【C4】_from city centers than they were in the pre-modern era In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay【C5】_two miles from the old business distri
14、ct; by the turn of the century the【C6】_extended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still【C7】_there for work, shopping, and【C8】_. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city【C9】_an explosion of real estate dev
15、elopment and fueled what we now【C10】_as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago,【C11】_of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550,000 were plotted outside the city limits【C12】_within the
16、metropolitan area. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers【C13】_800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty yearslots that could have housed five to six million people. Of course, many were never【C14】_; there was always a huge sur
17、plus of subdivided, but vacant, land around Chicago and other cities. These【C15】_present a feature of residential expansion【C16】_the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was essentially unplanned. It was【C17】_by thousands of small investors who paid little care to coordinated land use or to【C
18、18】_land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders【C19】_transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this【C20】_. Real estate
19、subdivision there proceeded much faster than population growth.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.mobilizedB.terminatedC.facilitatedD.accelerated(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.AmongB.BeforeC.ByD.Without(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.vesselsB.aviationC.railwaysD.phones(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.distantB.separatedC.scatteredD.isolated(5).
20、【C5】（分数：2.00）A.scarcelyB.almostC.nearlyD.even(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.spotB.radiusC.circleD.gauge(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.transportB.walkC.commuteD.cycle(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.explorationB.entrainmentC.travelD.communication(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.describedB.sparkedC.reinforcedD.extinguished(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.rewardB.h
21、onorC.expectD.know(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.noneB.mostC.rareD.partial(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.butB.andC.orD.nor(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.soldB.addedC.boughtD.enlarged(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.replacedB.involvedC.occupiedD.protected(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.excessesB.allowancesC.valleysD.terraces(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.regarde
22、d asB.opposed toC.paralleled toD.related to(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.planned outB.carried forwardC.carried outD.figured out(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.previousB.troubledC.conservativeD.future(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.whereB.whenC.whatD.how(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.scheduleB.processC.routineD.system考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 7 答案解析(总
23、分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：It is a commonplace among moralists that you cannot get happiness by pursuing it. This is only true
24、if you pursue it【C1】_. Gamblers at Monte Carlo are pursuing money, and most of them lose it instead, but there are other ways of pursuing money, which often【C2】_. So it is with happiness. If you pursue it【C3】_drink, you are forgetting the hangover. Epicurus pursued it by living a life surrounded by
25、friends and eating only dry bread,【C4】_by a little cheese on feast days. His【C5】_proved successful in his case, but he was not healthy, and most people would need something more【C6】_. For most people, the pursuit of happiness, 【C7】_supplemented in various ways, is too abstract and theoretical to be
26、adequate【C8】_a personal rule of life. But I think that whatever personal rule of life you may choose it should not, except in rare and heroic cases, be incompatible with happiness. There are a great many people who have all the【C9】_conditions of happiness, i.e. health and a sufficient income, and wh
27、o,【C10】_, are profoundly unhappy. In such cases it would seem as if the【C11】_must lie with a wrong theory as to how to live. In one sense, we may say that any theory as to how to live is wrong. We imagine ourselves more different from the animals than we are. Animals live on【C12】_, and are happy as
28、long as external conditions are【C13】_. If you have a cat it will enjoy life if it has food and warmth and opportunities for a(n)【C14】_night on the tiles. Your needs are more complex than those of your cat, but they still have their basis in【C15】_. In civilized societies, especially in English-speaki
29、ng societies, this is too【C16】_to be forgotten. People propose to themselves some one paramount objective, and【C17】_all impulses that do not minister to it. A businessman may be so【C18】_to grow rich that to this end he【C19】_health and private affections. When at last he has become rich, no【C20】_rema
30、ins to him except pushing other people to imitate his noble example.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.eagerlyB.reasonablyC.reluctantlyD.unwisely 解析：解析：本文开头提到伦理学家们常说幸福是不能靠追求得到的，下文又以赌徒一味追求金钱而以输告终为例，可知如果以不合理的方式追求幸福，幸福就不可能得到。此处需要一个表消极意义的词，故选D 项 unwise“不明智地”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.succeed B.enrichC.winD.defeat解析：
31、解析：前文说赌徒追逐金钱，结果却把钱输了，接着进行转折：但也有其他生财的办法。那么这些方法应该获得了金钱，也就是成功了。所以选 A 项 succeed“成功”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.at the expense ofB.by means of C.in need ofD.for fear of解析：解析：联系上文“追求幸福也是如此”，此处说的是追求幸福的方式。另外，根据下文提到的Epicurus pursued it by可知此处需要与 by 功能相近表示“通过”的词，所以可确定答案为 B 项by means of“通过”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.compensa
32、tedB.supplemented C.accompaniedD.accumulated解析：解析：本句是说伊壁鸠鲁朴素简单的追求幸福的方式。在 dry bread(干面包)上面添加一点cheese(奶酪)，此处的动词应是 B 项 supplemented“补充，添加”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.lifeB.method C.happinessD.friendship解析：解析：上文说伊壁鸠鲁追求幸福的方式、方法。选 B 项 method“方法”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.prosperousB.rigorousC.vigorous D.gorgeous解析：解析：根据
33、上文，伊壁鸠鲁追求幸福的简单、平淡生活方式对他来说是成功的，但并不适用于大多数人。由 but 可知此处需要一个与伊壁鸠鲁的生活方式相反的词，因此选 C 项 vigorous“有活力的”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.asB.thoughC.unless D.if解析：解析：此句意思是：对多数人来讲，追求幸福的方式过于抽象和理论化。空格处是插入语“用多种方式来补充”作补充说明。可推测，如果不以多种方式补充，追求幸福的方式就太过抽象和理论化了。故选 C 项 unless“除非：如果不”，表条件。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.as B.toC.byD.on解析：解析：本句的主语 th
34、e pursuit of happiness(对幸福的追求)就是空格后的 a personal ruleof life(个人的生活准则)。故选 A 项 as“作为”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.spiritualB.material C.economicalD.social解析：解析：本句中提到 conditions of happiness(幸福的条件)包括健康和充足的收入等。这些都是拥有幸福所需要的物质条件故选 B 项 material“物质的”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.nevertheless B.thereforeC.otherwiseD.hence解析：解
35、析：拥有健康和充足的收入这些幸福的条件，按理来说应该是很幸福的，而下文却说 pro-foundly unhappy(非常不快乐)，可见前后是转折的关系。故选 A 项 nevertheless“然而”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.flawB.drawbackC.defectD.fault 解析：解析：由选项可知，空格处应填入表“错误”意思的单词。由上文“拥有健康和充足的收入，却很不快乐)”可知这种错误是人为造成的，应选 D 项 fault“过错”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.intelligenceB.imitationC.impulse D.impression解析
36、：解析：本句意为“动物依赖生活”。与人的理智相比，动物的生活依赖本能的冲动。故选 C项 impulse“冲动”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.vulnerableB.availableC.endurableD.favorable 解析：解析：本句表明动物的情况，只要外部条件，它们就幸福。外部条件好，动物就幸福，这符合其本能。故选 D 项 favorable“良好的”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.enthusiasticB.occasional C.indifferentD.underlying解析：解析：此句以猫为例,只要有食物、温暖及的机会出去尽情玩耍一晚，它就会快
37、乐。这种机会应是偶尔的。所以选择 B 项 occasional“偶尔的”。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.lifeB.natureC.instinct D.personality解析：解析：本句说的是人的需求比猫的需求复杂，但最基本的需求还是一致的。人和动物最基础的需求就是本能，选 C 项 instinct“本能”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.abruptB.absurdC.acuteD.apt 解析：解析：此处的意思是：人的需要比猫的复杂得多，但这些需要也是以为基础，而在文明社会。这一点却往往被人忘记。文明社会的人往往很容易忘记最基本的需求。故选 D 项 apt“易于
38、的”。注意此处是 be apt to“倾向于，容易”的结构，而不是 tooto“太而不能”的结构。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.hinderB.restrain C.refrainD.abolish解析：解析：上文说人们制定了最高目标，这里提到对最高目标没有帮助的那些冲动(do notminister to it)，可推测人们对这些无益的冲动会选择压抑。选 B 项 restrain“抑制(欲望等)”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.anxious B.promisingC.luckyD.possible解析：解析：根据空格前的 businessman(商人)和空格后的 g
39、row rich(变得富有)可推测，对于商人来说，应该是急切地想赚钱。故选 A 项 anxious“渴望的”。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.abandonsB.cherishesC.sacrifices D.ignores解析：解析：根据下文，商人变得富有以后，除了鞭策别人效仿自己，也没别的了，可见他为了变得富有，放弃了很多东西，把健康和个人情感也放弃了。故选 C 项 sacrifices“牺牲”。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.pleasure B.propertyC.wealthD.opportunities解析：解析：此句照应了文章首句。商人变得富有，他成功了，但却
40、并不如意(除了鞭策别人效仿自己之外，也没有什么了)。没有的应该就是幸福快乐，故选 A 项 pleasure“快乐”。Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It speeded up physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it【C1】_the inherent instability of urban life.【C2】_opening va
41、st areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the buses,【C3】_. commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more【C4】_from city centers than they were in the pre-modern era In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay【C5】_two miles from the old b
42、usiness district; by the turn of the century the【C6】_extended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still【C7】_there for work, shopping, and【C8】_. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city【C9】_an explosion of r
43、eal estate development and fueled what we now【C10】_as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago,【C11】_of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550,000 were plotted outside the city limits【C1
44、2】_within the metropolitan area. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers【C13】_800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty yearslots that could have housed five to six million people. Of course, many were never【C14】_; there was alw
45、ays a huge surplus of subdivided, but vacant, land around Chicago and other cities. These【C15】_present a feature of residential expansion【C16】_the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was essentially unplanned. It was【C17】_by thousands of small investors who paid little care to coordinated la
46、nd use or to【C18】_land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders【C19】_transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this【C20】_
47、. Real estate subdivision there proceeded much faster than population growth.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.mobilizedB.terminatedC.facilitatedD.accelerated 解析：解析：填入的动词与 speeded up 和 sorted out 并列。文章第一句提到公共交通运输改变了美国的社会和经济结构，推断它对城市生活的不稳定性只会加剧，不会减少。选 D 项 accelerated“使加速”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.AmongB.BeforeC.By D.Without解析：解析：根据下文，居住区相对于现代化之前向外扩展了 2 至 4 倍，这是大量开发无人居住的土地以扩建住宅这一手段带来的。故选 C 项 By“通过”，表示方式、手段。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.vesselsB.aviationC.railways D.phones解析：解析：填入的名词应该是与公共汽车、市郊火车和有轨电车并列的“陆地”交通工具。故选 C 项railways“铁路”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.distant B.separatedC.scatteredD.isolated解析：解
