1、专业英语八级-试卷870及答案解析 (总分：142.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：6，分数：50.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION_2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on A
2、NSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task._Writing a Research PaperI. Research Paper a
3、nd Ordinary EssayA. Similarity in【T1】 1:【T1】 2e.g. choosing a topic asking questions【T2】 3the audience【T2】 4B. Difference mainly in terms of【T3】 5【T3】 61. research paper: printed sources2. ordinary essay: ideas in ones【T4】 7【T4】 8II. Types and Characteristics of Research PapersA. Number of basic typ
4、es: twoB. Characteristics:1. survey-type paper to gather【T5】 9【T5】 10 to【T6】 11【T6】 12 to【T7】 13【T7】 14 to paraphraseThe writer should be【T8】 15.【T8】 162. argumentative(research)paper: a. The writer should do more, e.g. to【T9】 17【T9】 18 to question, etc.b.【T10】 19varies with the topic, e.g.【T10】 20
5、to recommend an action, etc.III. How to Choose a Topic for a Research PaperIn choosing a topic, it is important to【T11】 21.【T11】 22Question No. 1: your【T12】 23 with the topic【T12】 24Question No. 2:【T13】 25 of relevant information on【T13】 26the chosen topicQuestion No. 3: narrowing the topic down to【
6、T14】 27【T14】 28Question No. 4: asking questions about【T15】 29【T15】 30The questions help us to work our way into the topic and discover its possibilities.（分数：30.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(2).【T2】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(3).【T3】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(4).【T4】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(5).【T5】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(6).【T6】（分数：2.00）填空项1:
7、_(7).【T7】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(8).【T8】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(9).【T9】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(10).【T10】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(11).【T11】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(12).【T12】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(13).【T13】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(14).【T14】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(15).【T15】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_3.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview
8、will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and
9、mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions._A.Because he needs help for a survey on smokers habits.B.Because he wants to give the woman a helping hand.C.Because he cant find his way to a cigarette shop.D.Because he wants to distribute l
10、eaflets to the woman.A.Time of smoking.B.Quantity of cigarettes.C.Frequency of smoking.D.Types of cigarettes.A.Self-composed.B.Silent.C.Intense.D.Ambitious.A.23.B.32.C.17.D.22.A.Because she was saving up.B.Because she was pregnant.C.Because her husband advised her to do so.D.Because she fell ill bec
11、ause of smoking.A.It was because the first time wasnt a success.B.This second time was for her unborn baby.C.She wanted to set a good example for her husband.D.She was forced to do so by financial troubles.A.Sitting watching TV.B.Reading a book.C.Staying alone.D.Gathering with friends.A.Watching TV.
12、B.Gathering with friends.C.Doing chores.D.Reading a book.A.Buying some books.B.Preparing for lunch.C.Meeting with friends.D.Going to her company.A.It makes her excitable.B.It keeps her awake.C.She cant say for sure.D.She becomes sad.二、READING COMPREHENSIO(总题数：10，分数：44.00)4.PART II READING COMPREHENS
13、ION_5.SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer._(1)Adopted at birth by a fa
14、mily of Jehovahs Witnesses, I was asked from an early age to behave as much like an adult as possible. Three times a week in the Kingdom Hall in Miami, my brother and I strove to sit perfectly still in our chairs. Our mother carried a wooden spoon in her purse and was quick to take us outside for be
15、atings if we fidgeted. (2)At 5, I sat onstage in the Kingdom Hall in Surrey, England, where my fathers job had taken us. Nervously pushing my memorized lines into the microphone, I faced my mother, who was seated across from me. We were demonstrating for the congregation exactly how a Bible study wi
16、th a worldly person, or non-Witness, should go. (3)I had played the householder before the person who answered the door. That was easy: you just asked questions that showed you didnt know the Truth. Portraying the Witness was harder you had to produce the right Scripture to answer any questions the
17、householder might ask. (4)But we had written our parts on index cards and rehearsed repeatedly at home. I was well dressed and shining clean. I said my lines flawlessly and gave looks of concern at the right times. Finally, the householder agreed with everything I had said: her way of life was wicke
18、d, and the Bible clearly proved that Jehovahs Witnesses were the only true Christians who would be saved at Armageddon. Her look was grateful. Then she smiled, becoming my mother again. Everyone clapped, and she glowed with pride. At last I could go out in service. (5)From the age of 5 until I was 1
19、4, I knocked on the doors of strangers each week with memorized lines that urged them to repent. I didnt play with other children. I didnt have birthday parties or Christmas mornings. What I did was pray a lot. I knew the books of the Bible in order, by heart, and could recite various verses. My lon
20、eliness was nourished by rich, beautiful fantasies of eternal life in a paradise of peace, justice, racial harmony and environmental purity, a recompense for the rigor and social isolation of our lives. (6)This bliss wasnt a future we had to work for. Witnesses wouldnt vote, didnt involve themselves
21、 in temporal matters, werent activists. Jehovah would do it all for us, destroying everyone who wasnt a Witness and restoring the earth to harmony. All we had to do was to obey and wait. (7)Shortly after our return to the States, my father was disfellowshipped for being an unrepentant smoker smoking
22、 violated Gods temple, the body, much like fornication and drunkenness. Three years later, my parents marriage dissolved. My mothers second husband had served at Bethel, the Watchtow-ers headquarters in Brooklyn. Our doctrines, based on Pauls letters in the New Testament, gave him complete control a
23、s the new head of the household: my mothers role was to submit. My stepfather happened to be the kind of person who took advantage of this authority, physically abusing us and forcing us to shun our father completely. (8)After two years, I ran away to live with my father. My brother joined me a tumu
24、ltuous six months later. We continued to attend the Kingdom Hall and preach door to door: the Witnesses had been our only community. Leaving was a gradual process that took months of questioning. I respected all faiths deeply, but at 15 I decided that I could no longer be part of a religion that ove
25、rlooked inequality. (9)After she finally divorced my stepfather, my mother moved out of state and married another Witness. Our occasional correspondence skates over the surface of our strained relationship. I feel for her struggles. A smart, capable woman, she subjected her will and judgment, as the
26、 Witnesses teach, to her husbands. If she damaged my brother and me or failed to protect us, she did so out of fear and belief. She wanted to save us from certain destruction at Armageddon, from a corrupt and dirty world. She wanted nothing less for us than paradise. (10)I love my mother, but I also
27、 love my modern life, the multitude of ideas I was once forbidden to entertain, the rich friendships and the joyous love of my family. By choosing to live in the world she scorned to teach in a college, to spare the rod entirely, to believe in the goodness of all kinds of people I have, in her eyes,
28、 turned my back not only on Jehovah but also on her.（分数：6.00）(1).The authors mother can be described as the following EXCEPT（分数：2.00）A.a pious Christian.B.a loving mother.C.a submissive wife.D.a cruel mother.(2).Which of the following is TRUE about the authors childhood?（分数：2.00）A.His parents got di
29、vorced when he was still baby.B.He enjoyed his childhood very much.C.He could recite various parts of the Bible.D.He never succeeded to please his mother.(3).The word worldly in Paragraph Two means（分数：2.00）A.secular.B.commercialized.C.holy.D.innocent.(1)Think of the solitude felt by Marie Smith befo
30、re she died earlier this year in her native Alaska, at 89. She was the last person who knew the language of the Eyak people as a mother-tongue. Or imagine Ned Mandrell, who died in 1974 he was the last native speaker of Manx, similar to Irish and Scots Gaelic. Both these people had the comfort of be
31、ing surrounded, some of the time, by enthusiasts who knew something precious was vanishing and tried to record and learn whatever they could of a vanishing tongue. In remote parts of the world, dozens more people are on the point of taking to their graves a system of communication that will never be
32、 recorded or reconstructed. (2)Does it matter? Plenty of languages among them Akkadian, Etruscan, Tangut and Chibcha have gone the way of the dodo, without causing much trouble to the descendants. Should anyone lose sleep over the fact that many tongues from Manchu(spoken in China)to Hua(Botswana)an
33、d Gwichin(Alaska) are in danger of suffering a similar fate? (3)Compared with groups who lobby to save animals or trees, campaigners who lobby to preserve languages are themselves a rare breed. But they are trying both to mitigate and publicize an alarming acceleration in the rate at which languages
34、 are vanishing. Of some 6,900 tongues spoken in the world today, some 50% to 90% could be gone by the end of the century. In Africa, at least 300 languages are in near-term danger, and 200 more have died recently or are on the verge of death. Some 145 languages are threatened in East and South-east
35、Asia. (4)Some languages, even robust ones, face an obvious threat in the shape of a political power bent on imposing a majority tongue. A youngster in any part of the Soviet Union soon realised that whatever you spoke at home, mastering Russian was the key to success. (5)Nor did English reach its pr
36、esent global status without ruthless tactics. In years past, Americans, Canadians and Australians took native children away from their families to be raised at boarding schools where English rules. In all the Celtic fringes of the British Isles there are bitter memories of children being punished fo
37、r speaking the wrong language. (6)But in an age of mass communications, the threats to linguistic diversity are less ruthless and more spontaneous. Parents stop using traditional tongues, thinking it will be better for their children to grow up using a dominant language(such as Swahili in East Afric
38、a)or a global one(such as English, Mandarin or Spanish). And even if parents try to keep the old speech alive, their efforts can be doomed by films and computer games. (7)The result is a growing list of tongues spoken only by white-haired elders. A book edited by Peter Austin, an Australian linguist
39、, gives some examples: Njerep, one of 31 endangered languages counted in Cameroon, reportedly has only four speakers left, all over 60. The valleys of the Caucasus used to be a paradise for linguists in search of unusual syntax, but Ubykh, one of the regions baffling tongues, officially expired in 1
40、992.（分数：8.00）(1).Marie Smiths solitude results from the fact that（分数：2.00）A.the vanishing language she spoke will never be recorded.B.people around her could not understand her language.C.she is the last person having Eyak as mother-tongue.D.as a native Alaska, she lives far away from that place.(2)
41、.What do those who lobby to preserve languages do to save endangered languages?（分数：2.00）A.Take measures to slow down languages vanishing rate.B.Try to make known languages accelerating vanishing rate.C.Try all their out to record and reconstruct the vanishing languages.D.Slow down languages vanishin
42、g rate and meanwhile make it known.(3).In the fourth and fifth paragraphs the author discusses that（分数：2.00）A.mastering Russian is the key to success in the Soviet Union.B.the vanishing languages are triggered by political power.C.English becomes a world language due to political power.D.languages f
43、ace an obvious threat in the shape of a political power.(4).In the future, the number of languages will（分数：2.00）A.stop decreasing.B.begin to increase.C.continue to decrease.D.stop increasing.(1)London is steeped in Dickensian history. Every place he visited, every person he met, would be drawn into
44、his imagination and reappear in a novel. There really are such places as Hanging Sword Alley in Whitefriars Street, EC1(Where Jerry Cruncher lived in A Tale of Two Cities)and Bleeding Heart Yard off Greville Street, EC1(Where the Plornish family lived in Little Dorrit): they are just the sort of pla
45、ces Dickens would have visited on his frequent night-time walks. (2)He first came to London as a young boy, and lived at a number of addresses throughout his life, moving as his income and his issue(he had ten children)increased. Of these homes only one remains, at 48 Doughty Street, WC1, now the Di
46、ckens House Museum, and as good a place as any to start your tour of Dickenss London. (3)The Dickens family lived here for only two years 1837-1839 but during this brief period, Charles Dickens first achieved great fame as a novelist, finishing Pickwick Papers, and working on Oliver Twist, Barnaby Rudge and Nicholas Nickleby. If you want a house full of atmosphere, you may be a little disappointed, f
