1、专业英语八级翻译-10及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.U夜是静寂的，柔和的。从对面我听不见一点声音。香港似乎闭了它的大口。但是当我注意到那一座光芒万丈的星的山的时候，我又仿佛听见那许多灯光的私语了。因为船的移动，灯光也似乎移动起来。而且电车汽车上的灯也在飞跑。我看见它们时明时暗，就像人在眨眼，或者像它们在追逐，在说话。我的视觉和听觉混合起来。我仿佛在用眼睛听了/U。那一座星的山并不是沉默的，在那里正奏着伟大的交响乐。（分数：15.00）_2
2、.那就是白杨树，西北极普通的一种树，然而实在不是平凡的一种树! U那是一种力争上游的一种树，笔直的干，笔直的枝。它的干呢，通常是丈把高，像是加过人工似的，一丈以内，绝无旁枝；它所有的丫枝呢，一律向上，而且紧紧靠拢，也像是加过人工似的，成为一束，绝无横斜逸出；它的宽大的叶子也是片片向上，几乎没有斜生的，更不用说倒垂了；它的皮，光滑而有银色的晕圈，微微泛出淡青色。这是虽在北方的风雪的压迫下却保持着倔强挺立的一种树！哪怕只有碗来精细罢，它却努力向上发展，高到丈许，二丈，参天耸立，不折不挠，对抗着西北风。/U（分数：15.00）_3.中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。U还在遥远的古代，我们的先人就已提出
3、“民为贵”的思想，认为“天生万物，唯人为贵”，一切社会的发展和进步，都取决于人的发展和进步，取决于人的尊严的维护和价值的发挥。中国共产党领导人民进行革命、建设和改革，就是要确保全中国人民获得广泛的自由、民主和人权。今天中国所焕发出来的巨犬活力，是中国人民拥有广泛自由、民主的生动写照。/U（分数：20.00）_三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.Water problems in the future will become intense and more complex. On the one hand, our increasing population
4、 will tremendously increase urban wastes, primarily sewage. On the other hand, rapidly expanding industries which involve more complex chemical processes will produce larger volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population
5、, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever-increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals. UFrom this, it is apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem./U UThere are two ways by which this pollution problem c
6、an be dwindled. The first relates to treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid wastes prior to disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or effluents, to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal./U UA second approa
7、ch is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement. Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrient supplement contained. Effluents from other processing plants ma
8、y also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are exploring potential economic uses for their waste products./U（分数：15.00）_5.I was up the next m
9、orning before the October sunrise, and away through the wild and the woodland. The rising of the sun was noble in the cold and warmth of it; peeping down the spread of light, he raised his shoulder heavily over the edge of grey mountain and wavering length of upland. Beneath his gaze the dew-fogs di
10、pped, and crept to the hollow places; then stole away in line and column, holding skirts, and clinging subtly at the sheltering comers where rock hung over grassland, while the brave lines of the hills came forth, one beyond other gliding. The woods arose in folds, like drapery of awakened mountains
11、, stately with a depth of awe, and memory of the tempests. Autumns mellow hand was upon them, as they owned already, touched with gold and red and olive, and their joy towards the sun was less to a bridegroom than a father.（分数：15.00）_6.It was one of those clays that the peasant fishermen on this tri
12、butary of the Amazon River dream about. With water levels falling rapidly at the peak of the dry season, a giant school of bass, a tasty fish that fetches a good price at markets, was swimming right into the nets being cast from a dozen small canoes here. UBut hovering nearby was a large commercial
13、fishing vessel. The crew on board was just waiting for the remainder of the fish to move into the rivers main channel, where they intended to scoop up as many as they could with their efficient gill nets./U UA symbol of abundance to the rest of the world, the Amazon is experiencing a crisis of overf
14、ishing. As stocks of the most popular species diminish to worrisome levels, tensions are growing between subsistence fishermen and their commercial rivals, who are eager to enrich their bottom line and satisfy the growing appetite for fish of city-dwellers in Brazil and abroad./U UIn response, peasa
15、nts up and down the Amazon, here in Brazil and in neighboring countries like Peru, are forming cooperatives to control fish catches and restock their rivers and lakes. But that effort, increasingly successful, has only encouraged the commercial fishing operations, as well as some of the peasants les
16、s disciplined neighbors, to step up their depredations./U The industrial fishing boats, the big 20- to 30-ton vessels, they have a different mentality than us artisanal fishermen, who have learned to take the protection of the environment into account, said the president of the local fishermens unio
17、n. They want to sweep everything up with their dragnets and then move on, benefiting from our work and sacrifice and leaving us with nothing.（分数：20.00）_专业英语八级翻译-10答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.U夜是静寂的，柔和的。从对面我听不见一点声音。香港似乎闭了它的大口。但是当我注意到那一座
18、光芒万丈的星的山的时候，我又仿佛听见那许多灯光的私语了。因为船的移动，灯光也似乎移动起来。而且电车汽车上的灯也在飞跑。我看见它们时明时暗，就像人在眨眼，或者像它们在追逐，在说话。我的视觉和听觉混合起来。我仿佛在用眼睛听了/U。那一座星的山并不是沉默的，在那里正奏着伟大的交响乐。（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(Tranquility and peace reigned the night. Not a sound could be heard ahead far away as though Hongkong closed its big mouth. However, when I gaze
19、d at that starry mountain I felt as if those countless lights were whispering with each other. The ship was moving and so were the lights, together with the lamplights on the running trolley buses and cars on the opposite streets. I saw them turning dim and bright now and then just like people winkl
20、ing or frolicking or chatting with each other. My visual and auditory senses blending, I was almost listening with my eyes.)解析：解析 1夜是寂静的，柔和的：此处为了译出原文中的美感，对句子的主语进行了调整，译为Tranquility and peace reigned the night. 2从对面我听不到一点声音：此句由于原文中强调“听不到一点声音”，故译文中将not a sound放在句首，以示强调，译为Not a sound could be heard ahea
21、d far away。 3星的山：可译为that starry mountain。 4电车：可译为trolley bus。 5我又仿佛听见那许多灯光的私语了：I felt as if those countless lights were whispering with each other。此处注意翻译过程中词性的转换。原文中的“私语”是名词，但是在译文中被译成了动词形式。 6时明时暗：可译为turning dim and bright now and then。 7我的视觉和听觉混合起来。我仿佛在用眼睛听了：My visual and auditory senses blending, I
22、 was almost listening with my eyes. 此句在翻译的时候要注意，两个汉语句子的含义是很连贯的，所以可以翻译成一个英语句子，前一个汉语句子翻译成英语独立主格的形式。2.那就是白杨树，西北极普通的一种树，然而实在不是平凡的一种树! U那是一种力争上游的一种树，笔直的干，笔直的枝。它的干呢，通常是丈把高，像是加过人工似的，一丈以内，绝无旁枝；它所有的丫枝呢，一律向上，而且紧紧靠拢，也像是加过人工似的，成为一束，绝无横斜逸出；它的宽大的叶子也是片片向上，几乎没有斜生的，更不用说倒垂了；它的皮，光滑而有银色的晕圈，微微泛出淡青色。这是虽在北方的风雪的压迫下却保持着倔强挺立
23、的一种树！哪怕只有碗来精细罢，它却努力向上发展，高到丈许，二丈，参天耸立，不折不挠，对抗着西北风。/U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(It is a tree that aims high, its trunks straight, its branches straight. Their trunks are usually over ten feet tall and, as if wrought by human effort, utterly bare of branches below ten feet. Their twigs, also like things artifici
24、ally shaped, all reach out towards the sky and grow close together in a cluster without any sideway growth. Their leaves are broad and point upwards with very few slanting sideways, much less upside down. Their glossy barks are a faint light green with hazy silver spots. They stand erect and unbendi
25、ng in face of North Chinas violent wind and snow. Though they may be only as big as the mouth of bowl, they strive to grow upwards until they reach the towering height of some twenty feet and stand indomitable against the northwest wind.)解析：解析 1力争上游的：翻译成定语从句that aims high。 2丈把高：可译成over ten feet tall
26、。 3一丈以内，绝无旁枝：此处的“一丈以内”意思是树干的一丈以下，故要译成below ten feet。 4一律向上，而且紧紧靠拢成为一束，绝无横斜逸出：可简单地译为reach out towards the sky and grow close together in a cluster without any sideway growth。 5它的宽大的叶子也是片片向上，几乎没有斜生的：为了避免与上文表述重复，此处的“向上”可译为point upwards，“几乎没有斜生的”可译为with very few slanting sideways。 6更不用说：可译为much less。 7它
27、的皮，光滑而有银色的晕圈，微微泛出淡青色：句中“光滑的”可译为glossy，“微微泛出淡青色”简单地译为are a faint light green即可，有银色的晕圈译成with+sth. 结构，即with hazy silver spots。 8哪怕只有碗来精细罢：可理解为“虽然它们只有碗口那么大”，即Though they may be only as big as the mouth of bowl。 9不折不挠，对抗着西北风：译为stand indomitable against the northwest wind。3.中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。U还在遥远的古代，我们的先人就
28、已提出“民为贵”的思想，认为“天生万物，唯人为贵”，一切社会的发展和进步，都取决于人的发展和进步，取决于人的尊严的维护和价值的发挥。中国共产党领导人民进行革命、建设和改革，就是要确保全中国人民获得广泛的自由、民主和人权。今天中国所焕发出来的巨犬活力，是中国人民拥有广泛自由、民主的生动写照。/U（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Even in the ancient days, our ancestors came up with the idea of people being the most important, believing that man is the most valuabl
29、e among all the things that heaven fosters. Progress and development of a society hinge on human progress and development and depend on how well human dignity is maintained and how much human value is realized. The Communist Party of China has led the Chinese people in carrying out revolution, devel
30、opment and reform precisely for the purpose of ensuring the entire Chinese people broad freedoms, democracy and human rights. The immense vitality displayed by China today is a vivid reflection of the broad freedoms and democratic rights enjoyed by the Chinese people.)解析：解析 1提出思想：come up with the id
31、ea。 2天生万物，唯人为贵：此句采用解释的方法进行翻译，即man is the most valuable among all the things that heaven fosters。 3取决于人的尊严的维护和价值的发挥：“取决于”译为depend on或者hinge on，on是介词，所以后面必须要跟名词、动名词或者宾语从句作宾语。“维护尊严”即maintain dignity，“发挥价值”即realize values，如果此处选择译为宾语从句，应使用被动语态。 4确保全中国人民获得广泛的自由、民主和人权：“确保获得”翻译成英语就是ensure sb. sth. ，也即“获得”这个
32、单词在翻译的过程中被省略了，因为ensure本身即为“确保某人获得某物”的意思。 5中国所焕发出来的巨大活力：the immense vitality displayed by China。 6生动写照：vivid reflection。 7广泛自由、民主：broad freedoms and democratic rights。三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.Water problems in the future will become intense and more complex. On the one hand, our increasing
33、 population will tremendously increase urban wastes, primarily sewage. On the other hand, rapidly expanding industries which involve more complex chemical processes will produce larger volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding
34、 population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever-increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals. UFrom this, it is apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem./U UThere are two ways by which this pollutio
35、n problem can be dwindled. The first relates to treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid wastes prior to disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or effluents, to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal./U UA se
36、cond approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement. Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrient supplement contained. Effluents from other processin
37、g plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are exploring potential economic uses for their waste products./U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(鉴于此，
38、显然必须立即采取行动，制定出对付污染问题的正确措施。 有两个办法可以减轻污染问题。第一个与降低污染危害程度的垃圾处理有关，它包括在固体垃圾被丢弃之前的处理以及液体废物或废水的处理，使水的重复利用或在排放前最大限度地降低其污染程度成为可能。 第二个办法是开发所有或部分垃圾的经济使用价值。农家肥可作为滋养或有机补充肥料撒入田间，从污水处理厂排出的废水在某些地方既可用来灌溉，所含的滋养成分也可作为滋养补充肥料。从其他处理厂排出的废水也能用来作为水源的补充。许多工业，例如肉类和家禽的加工厂，目前正致力于把原来的废物变成可售的副产品，其他工业也正在挖掘其废品潜在的经济使用价值。)解析：解析 1it is
39、 apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem：整句话中it作形式主语，that后引导的从句作真正主语，to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem是动词不定式作目的状语，take steps to do sth. 意为“采取行动做某事”。 2dwindle：意为“减小，缩小”，这里译为“减轻(污染程度)”。 3hazard：意为“危害”。 4This
40、involves the processing of solid wastes.or minimize pollution upon final disposal：这句话整体结构为：This involves the processing of.and the treatment of.to permit the reuse of.or minimize pollution.，prior to意为“在之前”，disposal意为“清除，丢弃”，effluent意为“污水，流出物”。 5farm manure：可译为“农家肥”。 6organic supplement：可译为“有机补充肥料”。
41、7sewage disposal plants：意为“污水处理厂”，也可用作sewage treatment plant。 8poultry processing plants：可译为“家禽加工厂”。 9.converting former waste products into marketable byproducts：convert.into.意为“把转换为”，byproduct意为“副产品”。5.I was up the next morning before the October sunrise, and away through the wild and the woodland
42、. The rising of the sun was noble in the cold and warmth of it; peeping down the spread of light, he raised his shoulder heavily over the edge of grey mountain and wavering length of upland. Beneath his gaze the dew-fogs dipped, and crept to the hollow places; then stole away in line and column, hol
43、ding skirts, and clinging subtly at the sheltering comers where rock hung over grassland, while the brave lines of the hills came forth, one beyond other gliding. The woods arose in folds, like drapery of awakened mountains, stately with a depth of awe, and memory of the tempests. Autumns mellow han
44、d was upon them, as they owned already, touched with gold and red and olive, and their joy towards the sun was less to a bridegroom than a father.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(第二天凌晨，在十月的太阳升起之前，我已经起身并穿过了旷野和丛林。十月的清晨乍寒还暖，日出的景象蔚为壮观。透过晨曦，朝日从朦胧的山岗和起伏连绵的高地边际，沉重地抬起肩头。在它的逼视下，蒙蒙的雾气开始沉降，落到洼地里去，接着一丝丝一缕缕地悄悄飘散，而在草地之上悬岩之下的那些隐秘
45、角落里，雾气却还在引裾徘徊，同时群山的雄姿接二连三地展现出来。 森林也层层叠叠地显现，宛若刚刚苏醒的山峦的斗篷，端庄威严，并带着对狂风暴雨的回忆。这片森林在秋天温柔的抚摸下，改变了色彩，染上了金黄、丹红和橄榄绿。它们对朝日所怀的一片喜悦，像是要奉献给一个新郎，更像是要奉献给一位父亲。)解析：解析 1I was up the next morning before the October sunrise, and away through the wild and the woodland：本句调换状语的顺序后为：I was up and away through the wild and the woodland the next morning before the October sunrise. 这样本句的意思就不难理解了，woodland意为“林地，森林”。 2in the cold and warmth of it：因十月接近冬季，故可译为“十月的乍寒还暖”，it指代的是前文中提到的October sunrise，日出时也就是“清晨”。 3peeping down the sp
