1、专业英语八级翻译-11及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.然而我虽然自有无端的悲哀，却也并不愤懑。U因为这经验使我反省，看见自己了：就是我决不是一个振臂一呼应者云集的英雄。/U U只是我自己的寂寞是不可不驱除的，因为这于我太痛苦。我于是用了种种法，来麻醉自己的灵魂，使我沉入于国民中，使我回到古代去，后来也亲历或旁观过几样更寂寞更悲哀的事，都为我所不愿追怀，甘心使他们和我的脑一同消灭在泥土里的，但我的麻醉法却也似乎已经奏了功，再没有青年时候的慷慨
2、激昂的意思了。/U（分数：15.00）_2.燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，有再开的时候。U但是，聪明的，你告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢?是有人偷了他们罢：那是谁?又藏在何处呢?是他们自己逃走了罢：现在又到了哪里呢?/U U我不知道他们给了我多少日子；但我的手确乎是渐渐空虚了。在默默里算着，八千多日子已经从我手中溜去；像针尖上一滴水滴在大海里，我的日子滴在时间的流里，没有声音，也没有影子。我不禁头涔涔而泪潸潸了。/U（分数：15.00）_3.真正的朋友，恐怕要算“总角之交”或“竹马之交”了。U在小学和中学的时代容易结成真实的友谊，那时彼此尚不感到生活的压迫，入
3、世未深，打算计较的念头也少，朋友的结成全由于志趣相近或性情适合，差不多可以说是“无所为”的，性质比较纯粹。二十岁以后结成的友谊，大概已不免掺有各种各样的颜色分子在内；人到了成年以后，彼此都有生活的重担须负，入世既深，顾忌的方面也自然加多起来在交际上不许你不计较，不许你不打算，结果彼此都“勾心斗角”。/U（分数：20.00）_三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.The economic system of the United States is principally privately owned. This system is often referre
4、d to as the free enterprise system. It should be noted that although the United States operates a system of private enterprise, government has to some extent always been involved in regulating and guiding the American Economy. Yet, despite this history of government intervention, individuals in the
5、United States have always been able to choose for whom they will work and what they will buy. Most importantly, they vote for officials who will set economic policy. Traditionally, the system has been referred to as a market economy. Now decisions are made by three groups and it is their dynamic int
6、eraction that makes the economy function. Consumers, producers, and government make economic decisions on a daily basis, the primary force being between producers and consumers; hence the market economy designation.（分数：15.00）_5.Until recently daydreaming was generally considered either a waste of ti
7、me or a symptom of neurotic tendencies, and habitual daydreaming was regarded as evidence of maladjustment or an escape from lifes realities and responsibilities. It was believed that habitual daydreaming would eventually distance people from society and reduce their effectiveness in coping with rea
8、l problems. At its best, daydreaming was considered a compensatory substitute for the real things in life. UAs with anything carried to excess, daydreaming can be harmful. There are always those who would substitute fantasy lives for the rewards of real activity. But such extremes are relatively rar
9、e, and there is a growing body of evidence to support the fact that most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming rather than an excess of it. We are now beginning to learn how valuable it really is and that when individuals are completely prevented from daydreaming, their emotional balance can be d
10、isturbed. Not only are they less able to deal with the pressures of day-to-day existence, but also their self-control and self-direction become endangered./U URecent research indicates that daydreaming is part of daily life and that a certain amount each day is essential for maintaining equilibrium.
11、 Daydreaming, science has discovered, is an effective relaxation technique. But its beneficial effects go beyond this. Experiments show that daydreaming significantly contributes to intellectual growth, powers of concentration, and the ability to interact and communicate with others./U（分数：15.00）_6.N
12、ow the trumpet summons us againnot as a call to bear arms, though arms we need not as a call to battle, though embattled we arebut a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out, rejoicing in hope; patient in tribulation, a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyr
13、anny, poverty, disease, and war itself. Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East and West, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in that historic effort? In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been gran
14、ted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger. I do not shrink from this responsibilityI welcome it. I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light o
15、ur country and all who serve it. And the glow from that fire can truly light the world.（分数：20.00）_专业英语八级翻译-11答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.然而我虽然自有无端的悲哀，却也并不愤懑。U因为这经验使我反省，看见自己了：就是我决不是一个振臂一呼应者云集的英雄。/U U只是我自己的寂寞是不可不驱除的，因为这于我太痛苦。我于是用了种种法，来麻醉
16、自己的灵魂，使我沉入于国民中，使我回到古代去，后来也亲历或旁观过几样更寂寞更悲哀的事，都为我所不愿追怀，甘心使他们和我的脑一同消灭在泥土里的，但我的麻醉法却也似乎已经奏了功，再没有青年时候的慷慨激昂的意思了。/U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(For this experience had made me reflect and see that I was definitely not the type of hero who could rally multitudes at his call. However. my loneliness had to be dispelled bec
17、ause it was causing me agony. So I used various means to dull my senses, to make myself immersed among my fellow nationals and turn to the past. Later I experienced or witnessed even greater loneliness and sadness which I am unwilling to recall, preferring that it should perish with my mind in the d
18、ust. But my attempt to deaden my senses seemed not unsuccessfulI lost the enthusiasm and fervor of my youth.)解析：解析 1反省：reflect。 2振臂一呼应者云集的英雄：这个短语中定语部分很长，所以翻译为定语从句；其中“振臂一呼应者云集”根据字面意思翻译为rally multitudes at his call，即“喊一声就能召集很多人”，此句译为the type of hero who could rally multitudes at his call。 3驱除：此处的“驱除”是
19、“驱除寂寞”中的“驱除”，所以译为dispel更好。 4麻醉自己的灵魂：dull my senses/spirits。 5使我沉入于国民中，使我回到古代去：这个句子的两个分句都是典型的“兼语句”，可按照SVOC(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)结构进行翻译。 6追怀：recall。 7都为我所不愿追怀，甘心使他们和我的脑一同消灭在泥土里的：此句在翻译时，逗号后为次要信息部分，所以处理成分词短语作状语。.which I am unwilling to recall, preferring that it should perish with my mind in the dust。 8麻醉法：at
20、tempt to deaden my senses。 9慷慨激昂：enthusiasm and fervor。2.燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，有再开的时候。U但是，聪明的，你告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢?是有人偷了他们罢：那是谁?又藏在何处呢?是他们自己逃走了罢：现在又到了哪里呢?/U U我不知道他们给了我多少日子；但我的手确乎是渐渐空虚了。在默默里算着，八千多日子已经从我手中溜去；像针尖上一滴水滴在大海里，我的日子滴在时间的流里，没有声音，也没有影子。我不禁头涔涔而泪潸潸了。/U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(Now you the wise, tel
21、l me, why should our days leave us, never to return? If someone had stolen them, who could it be? Where could he hide them? If they had made the escape themselves, then where could they stay at the moment? I dont know how many days I have been given to spend, but I do feel my hands are getting empty
22、. Taking stock silently, I find that more than eight thousand days have already slid away from me. Like a drop of water from the point of a needle disappearing into the ocean, my days are dripping into the steam of time, soundless, traceless. Already sweat is starting on my forehead, and tears welli
23、ng up in my eyes.)解析：解析 1聪明的：此处虽看似形容词，但实际上是当名词用的，故译为you the wise。 2一去不复返：leave us，never to return。此句虽然简单，但是考虑到了汉语原文的风格。原文属于优美的散文，所以译文也应该符合这个风格，简单地译成并列句leave us and never return就没有译成主句加不定式作状语效果好。 3但我的手确乎是渐渐空虚了：此句翻译时对主语可进行灵活处理，句子本来的主语是“我的手”，但是根据上下文此处肯定是说作者感觉到自己的手如何了，所以可用I作主语。此句翻译为but I do feel my hand
24、s are getting empty。 4在默默里算着：此处要注意由于此句的重点在逗号之后，所以逗号之前的部分可以翻译成分词短语作状语。此句翻译为taking stock silently。 5溜去：slide away。 6时间的流里：stream of time。 7我不禁头涔涔而泪潸潸了：此处的“涔涔”和“潸潸”都指“流出，出现”的意思，但是要注意不能翻译成同一个单词。此句译为Already sweat is starting on my forehead, and tears welling up in my eyes。3.真正的朋友，恐怕要算“总角之交”或“竹马之交”了。U在小学和
25、中学的时代容易结成真实的友谊，那时彼此尚不感到生活的压迫，入世未深，打算计较的念头也少，朋友的结成全由于志趣相近或性情适合，差不多可以说是“无所为”的，性质比较纯粹。二十岁以后结成的友谊，大概已不免掺有各种各样的颜色分子在内；人到了成年以后，彼此都有生活的重担须负，入世既深，顾忌的方面也自然加多起来在交际上不许你不计较，不许你不打算，结果彼此都“勾心斗角”。/U（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Real friendship is easily formed in primary or middle school days when, being socially inexperienced
26、and free from the burden of life, you give little thought to personal gains or losses, and make friends entirely as a result of similar tastes and interests or congenial disposition. It is sort of friendship for friendships sake and is relatively pure in nature. Friendship among people in their 20s,
27、 however, is more or less coloured by personal motives. People at middle age, with the heavy burden of life and much experience in the ways of the world, have more scruples about this and that, and cannot choose but become more calculating in social dealings till they start scheming against each oth
28、er.)解析：解析 1在小学和中学的时代容易结成真实的友谊，那时：句子中出现了“在的时代，那时”的表达，可以用定语从句来译出。 2彼此尚不感到生活的压迫，入世未深，打算计较的念头也少，朋友的结成全由于志趣相近或性情适合：此处“人世不深”也就是“缺乏社会经验”，故译为socially inexperienced；“不感到生活的压迫”可理解为“没有生活负担”，故译为flee from the burden of life；“打算计较的念头少”可意译为little thought to personal gains or losses。 3差不多可以说是“无所为”的：可译为It is sort of
29、 friendship for friendships sake. 其中sort of(有几分)用来表达“差不多可以说”。“无所为”意即“无其他目的”或“无条件的”，故译为friendship for friendships sake(为友谊而友谊的)。 4二十岁以后结成的友谊，大概已不免掺有各种各样的颜色分子在内：此处的主干是“友谊搀有颜色”，译为Friendship is coloured，然后还补译出其他修饰成分，“二十岁以后的”可意译为among people in their 20s，“大概不免”可用more or less来表达，另外此处还要根据上下文增译出by personal
30、motives。 5生活的重担须负，入世既深：此处是修饰“成年后的人”，可用with的复合结构表达，即with the heavy burden of life and much experience in the ways of the world。 6顾忌的方面也自然加多起来：可译为have more scruples about this and that。 7在交际上不许你不计较，不许你不打算：此处的“不许”有“别无选择”的含义，故译为cannot choose but do，“计较”和“打算”表达意义重叠，只要用calculating表达即可。 8结果彼此都“勾心斗角”：译为till
31、 they start scheming against each other。其中till是一种特殊用法。它在这里指“结果”，意即so that、finally或and at last，不作“直到为止”解。三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.The economic system of the United States is principally privately owned. This system is often referred to as the free enterprise system. It should be noted that
32、 although the United States operates a system of private enterprise, government has to some extent always been involved in regulating and guiding the American Economy. Yet, despite this history of government intervention, individuals in the United States have always been able to choose for whom they
33、 will work and what they will buy. Most importantly, they vote for officials who will set economic policy. Traditionally, the system has been referred to as a market economy. Now decisions are made by three groups and it is their dynamic interaction that makes the economy function. Consumers, produc
34、ers, and government make economic decisions on a daily basis, the primary force being between producers and consumers; hence the market economy designation.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(美国的经济制度主要是私有制经济，常常称之为“自由企业制度”。应当指出的是，虽然美国实行的是私人企业制度，然而政府在某种程度上一直参与调控和引导着美国的经济。尽管政府历来干预经济，但是在美国人人都能选择为谁工作、买什么东西。最重要的是，他们投票选举制定经济
35、政策的官员。 传统上，这种制度一直称之为“市场经济”。现在，作出决策的是三部分人。正是这三者之间的相互能动关系才使经济得以运转。消费者、生产者和政府每天都作出经济决策，而主要动力则来自生产者和消费者之间，因而就有了“市场经济”这个名称。)解析：解析 1privately owned：可译为“私有的，私营的”。 2government has to some extent always been involved in regulating and guiding the American Economy：to some extent意为“在某种程度上”，be involved in意为“参与”
36、，regulate and guide the American Economy可译为“调控和引导美国的经济”。 3government intervention：可译为“政府的干预”。 4they vote for officials who will set economic policy：可译为“他们投票选举制定经济政策的官员”，vote for sb. 意为“投票选举某人”，set economic policy意为“制定经济政策”。 5market economy：意为“市场经济”。 6it is their dynamic interaction that makes the ec
37、onomy function：本句为强调句，强调的部分their dynamic interaction是句子的主语，makes the economy function为使役动词的宾补结构，可译为“使经济运行”。 7designation：意为“指定，命名”。5.Until recently daydreaming was generally considered either a waste of time or a symptom of neurotic tendencies, and habitual daydreaming was regarded as evidence of ma
38、ladjustment or an escape from lifes realities and responsibilities. It was believed that habitual daydreaming would eventually distance people from society and reduce their effectiveness in coping with real problems. At its best, daydreaming was considered a compensatory substitute for the real thin
39、gs in life. UAs with anything carried to excess, daydreaming can be harmful. There are always those who would substitute fantasy lives for the rewards of real activity. But such extremes are relatively rare, and there is a growing body of evidence to support the fact that most people suffer from a l
40、ack of daydreaming rather than an excess of it. We are now beginning to learn how valuable it really is and that when individuals are completely prevented from daydreaming, their emotional balance can be disturbed. Not only are they less able to deal with the pressures of day-to-day existence, but a
41、lso their self-control and self-direction become endangered./U URecent research indicates that daydreaming is part of daily life and that a certain amount each day is essential for maintaining equilibrium. Daydreaming, science has discovered, is an effective relaxation technique. But its beneficial
42、effects go beyond this. Experiments show that daydreaming significantly contributes to intellectual growth, powers of concentration, and the ability to interact and communicate with others./U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(任何事情做得过分都可能有害，白日做梦也是一样。总有那么一些人，他们用想入非非的生活来代替实际活动带来的成果。但是这一类极端的情况极为罕见，愈来愈多的资料都能证明这样一种看法：大多数人的
43、白日梦做得太少了，而不是太多了。现在我们才开始了解到它确实是非常有价值的。当一个人被禁止做白日梦时，他们的感情平衡就会被搅乱。这不仅使他们更难以对付日常的生活压力，也使他们的自我控制和自我定向变得岌岌可危。 最近的研究表明，白日做梦是日常生活的一部分，每天做一定数量的自日梦对保持心情平静是必不可少的。科学已经发现白日梦是一种有效的放松技巧。但它的有利影响不只这一点，实验表明，白日梦特别有助于智力的发展，有助于培养全神贯注的能力和与人交往、交流的能力。)解析：解析 1As with anything carried to excess, daydreaming can be harmful：译为
44、“任何事情做得过分都可能有害，白日做梦也是一样”。as with A，B is.译成汉语就是“正如A，B也是一样的”。 2There are always those who.：译为“总有那么一些人，他们”。 3substitute fantasy lives for the rewards of real activity：译为“用想入非非的生活来代替实际活动带来的成果”。substitute A for B意为“用A代替B”。 4.there is a growing body of evidence to support.：译为“愈来愈多的资料都能证明”。此处虽然是there be句型，
45、但是不一定非要翻译成“有”。 5.when individuals are completely prevented from daydreaming：译为“当一个人被禁止做白日梦时”。也可以翻译成“当禁止一个人做白日梦时”。6.Now the trumpet summons us againnot as a call to bear arms, though arms we need not as a call to battle, though embattled we arebut a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out, rejoicing in hope; patient in tribulation, a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself. Can we forge against the
