1、The end of core:,Chintan Vaishnav, ESD, MIT chintanvmit.edu,Should disruptive innovation in telecom invoke discontinuous regulatory response?, Chintan Vaishnav, All Rights Reserved,May 31, 2007 Philadelphia, PA,VoIP bridges PSTN and the Internet! Should we care?,The broad regulatory question: Should
2、 VoIP be regulated like the PSTN, unregulated like the Internet or should there be a third approach?,Modes of VoIP,Regulatory Response PSTN vs. VoIP,US Telecom Regulation,Why is this Interesting?,Public Safety and Law Enforcement are perceived to be more relevant today then ever before,Question:Is 9
3、11/E911 and CALEA regulation of “interconnected” VoIP service- adequate and sustainable? - mindful of technical and human complexities?,Observation: Telecommunications regulation assumed a network core that- could be engineered to fulfill regulatory objectives - was controlled by an industry structu
4、re that could do the engineering,Argument: Disruptive trends such as VoIP erode assumed control in the core,Hypothesis:With eroding control in the core meeting regulatory objectives will increasingly require discontinuous regulatory responses,Observation and Hypothesis,Observing and Conceptualizing
5、The End of Core,The End of Core,Functionality is Dispersing to End-Device +The Ownership of the Core is Fragmenting=The End of Core,The implications of the End of Core for Regulation,The End of Core can cause,Regulatory misalignment (Static Complexity): Between those who must meet the regulatory req
6、uirements versus those who control the functionality necessary to meet them,The implications of the End of Core for Regulation,The End of Core can also cause,Circum-innovation (Dynamic Complexity): By user-innovators (a customer with the necessary knowledge to innovate) who can introduce innovations
7、 that might, intentionally or otherwise, circumvent regulatory objectives,Research Method,Causal Structure of the System Dynamics Model,Summary of Field Research,Description of Data Collection,Quantitative data from FCC, industry reports and trade magazines,Desired Contribution,ESD / Telecom Policy,
8、Explaining dynamic complexity involved in the regulation of VoIP Increasing the ability to communicate risks and opportunities in regulating the emerging communications technologies from the perspective of socio-technical systems,Innovation Theory Literature,A framing paper on the dynamics of regula
9、tion and innovation,Internet Architecture Literature,Extending the “tussle in cyberspace” work by one step with a paper on “tussle for surveillance and its impact on the Internet architecture”,System Dynamics Literature,A comprehensive paper on the system dynamics modeling of the communications indu
10、stry,The end of core:,Chintan Vaishnav, ESD, MIT chintanvmit.edu,Should disruptive innovation in telecom invoke discontinuous regulatory response?, Chintan Vaishnav, All Rights Reserved,Committee: Prof. Charles Fine (Chair) Dr. David Clark Prof. John Sterman,Thank You!,System Dynamics Model,Referenc
11、es,VoIP Goode, B. (2002). “Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP).“ Proceedings of the IEEE 90(9): 1495-1517.Technology History Fagen, M. D., A. E. Joel, et al. (1975). A History of engineering and science in the Bell System. New York, The Laboratories. Temin, P. and L. Galambos (1987). The fall of the
12、 Bell system : a study in prices and politics. Cambridge ; New York, Cambridge University Press. Abbate, J. (1999). Inventing the Internet. Cambridge, Mass, MIT Press.Telecommunications Regulation (PSTN and VoIP) (1934). Communications Act of 1934. 47. U.S.C. (1994). Communications Assistance for La
13、w Enforcement Act. 47. U.S.C. (1996). Telecommunications Act of 1996. 47. U.S.C. (2004). Notice of Proposed Rulemaking: Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act and Broadband Access and Services. WC Docket No. 04-295. (2004). Notice of Proposed Rulemaking: IP Enabled Services. WC Docket No.
14、 04-36. (2005). E911 Requirement for IP-Enabled Service Providers. WC Docket No. 05-196. Nuechterlein, J. E. and P. J. Weiser (2005). Digital crossroads : American telecommunications policy in the Internet age. Cambridge, Mass., MIT Press. Laffont, J.-J. and J. Tirole (2000). Competition in telecomm
15、unications. Cambridge, Mass., MIT Press. The End of Core (Internet Architecture and Industry Structure) Clark, D. D. (1988). “The design philosophy of the DARPA Internet Protocols.“ SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 25(1): 102-111. Saltzer, J. H., D. P. Reed, et al. (1984). “End-to-end arguments in syste
16、m design.“ ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 2(4): 277-288. Blumenthal, M. S. and D. D. Clark (2001). “Rethinking the design of the Internet: the end-to-end arguments vs. the brave new world.“ ACM Trans. Inter. Tech. 1(1): 70-109.,Clark, D. D., J. Wroclawski, et al. (2002). Tussle in cyberspace: defining tom
17、orrows Internet. Proceedings of the 2002 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, ACM Press: 347-356. Clark, D. D., W. Lehr, et al. (2005). The Growth of Internet Overlay Networks: Implications for Architecture
18、, Industry Structure and Policy. Technology Policy Research Conference, Arlington, VA. Vaishnav, C. (2005). Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP): The Dynamics of Technology and Regulation. Technology and Policy Program. Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology: 166. Vaishnav, C. and C. H. Fin
19、e (2006). A dynamic assessment of VoIP innovation, adoption and their interaction with CALEA regulation. Technology Policy Research Conference, Arlington, VA.Innovation Utterback, J. M. and W. J. Abernathy (1975). “Dynamic Model of Process and Product Innovation.“ Omega-International Journal of Mana
20、gement Science 3(6): 639-656. Abernathy, W. J. and J. M. Utterback (1978). “Patterns of Industrial Innovation.“ Technology Review 80(7): 40-47. Dosi, G. (1982). “Technological Paradigms and Technological Trajectories - a Suggested Interpretation of the Determinants and Directions of Technical Change
21、.“ Research Policy 11(3): 147-162. Anderson, P. and M. L. Tushman (1990). “Technological Discontinuities and Dominant Designs - a Cyclical Model of Technological-Change.“ Administrative Science Quarterly 35(4): 604-633. Henderson, R. M. and K. B. Clark (1990). “Architectural Innovation - the Reconfi
22、guration of Existing Product Technologies and the Failure of Established Firms.“ Administrative Science Quarterly 35(1): 9-30. Christensen, C. M. and R. S. Rosenbloom (1995). “Explaining the Attackers Advantage - Technological Paradigms, Organizational Dynamics, and the Value Network.“ Research Poli
23、cy 24(2): 233-257. Research Methods Sterman, J. (2000). Business dynamics : systems thinking and modeling for a complex world. Boston, Irwin/McGraw-Hill. Fine, C. H. (1998). Clockspeed : winning industry control in the age of temporary advantage. Reading, Mass., Perseus Books. Nelson, R. R. and S. G. Winter (1982). An evolutionary theory of economic change. Cambridge, Mass., Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.,References (Contd.),Description of Data Collection,Qualitative Understanding from Case Studies,System Dynamics Model,
