1、Designation: A534 09A534 14Standard Specification forCarburizing Steels for Anti-Friction Bearings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A534; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers the requirements fo
3、r carburizing bearing-quality steel to be used in the manufacture of anti-frictionbearings.1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in
4、parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A29/A29M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-WroughtA255 Test Methods for Determining Hardena
5、bility of SteelA304 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subject to End-Quench Hardenability RequirementsA510A510/A510M Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and AlloySteelA519 Specification for Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical T
6、ubingA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel ProductsA752 Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Alloy Steel (Withdrawn 2011)3E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of SteelE112 Test Methods for Determining Ave
7、rage Grain SizeE381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and ForgingsE1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys byVarious Combustion and Fusion TechniquesE1077 Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Dec
8、arburization of Steel Specimens2.2 ISO Standard:4ISO 683 Part 17: Ball and Roller Bearing Steels3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material under this specification should include the following information:3.1.1 Quantity,3.1.2 Alloy grade identification,3.1.3 Specification designation and year of
9、 issue,3.1.4 Dimensions, shape, and3.1.5 Supplementary requirements.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.28on Bearing Steels.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009Oct. 1, 20
10、14. Published November 2009November 2014. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 20042009as A534 04.A534 09. DOI: 10.1520/A0534-09.10.1520/A0534-14.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Ann
11、ual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.4 Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, Case p
12、ostale CP 56, CH-1211,CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland,http:/www.iso.ch.http:/www.iso.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible t
13、o adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright
14、 ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The steel shall be made by a process that is capable of providing a high quality product meeting the requirements of thisspecification.5. Chemical Composition and
15、Analysis5.1 Typical examples of chemical compositions are shown in Table 1. Other compositions may be specified.5.2 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the steel manufacturer in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, andTerminology A751. The chemical composition thus determined shal
16、l conform to the requirements specified in Table 1 for theordered grade, or to other requirements agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.5.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.Permissible variations in product analys
17、is shall be in accordance with Specification A29/A29M, Practices, and Terminology.6. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations6.1 The size and shape of the material shall be agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.6.2 Dimensional tolerances shall conform to the requirements specified in Sp
18、ecifications A29/A29M, A510A510/A510M,A519, or A752 as appropriate for the material or as agreed between manufacturer and purchaser.6.3 The dimensional tolerances for the forgings shall conform to the requirements of the engineering drawing.7. Quality Assurance7.1 The supplier shall be held responsi
19、ble for the quality of the material furnished and shall make the necessary tests to ensurethis quality. The supplier shall be required to report on the results of the micro-inclusion rating tests detailed below. Quality testsshown in 7.2 through 7.3 are based upon procedures established in Test Meth
20、ods E45.7.2 SamplingSamples taken in accordance with the following paragraphs shall be obtained from 4 by 4-in. (102 by 102-mm)rolled billets or forged sections. Tests may be made on smaller or larger sections by agreement with the purchaser. A minimum3 to 1 reduction of rolled billets or forged sec
21、tions is required for strand cast products.7.2.1 For top poured products, a minimum of six samples representing the top and bottom of the first, middle, and last usableingots shall be examined.7.2.2 For bottom poured products, a minimum of six samples shall be examined and they shall represent the t
22、op and bottomof three ingots. One ingot shall be taken at random from the first usable plate poured, one ingot, at random, from the usable platepoured nearest to the middle of the heat and one ingot, at random, from the last usable plate poured. When two usable platesTABLE 1 Chemical CompositionA,BN
23、umberC Name C Mn P (max) S (max) Si Cr Ni Mo Cu (max) O (max)D Al (max). . . 4118H 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 1.00 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 0.30 - 0.70 . . . 0.08 - 0.15 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 4320H 0.17 - 0.23 0.40 - 0.70 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 0.35 - 0.65 1.55 - 2.00 0.20 - 0.30 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 462
24、0H 0.17 - 0.23 0.35 - 0.75 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 . . . 1.55 - 2.00 0.20 - 0.30 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 4720H 0.17 - 0.23 0.45 - 0.75 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 0.30 - 0.60 0.85 - 1.25 0.15 - 0.25 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 4817H 0.14 - 0.20 0.30 - 0.70 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 . . . 3.20 - 3.80 0.20 - 0.30
25、 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 4820H 0.17 - 0.23 0.40 - 0.80 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 . . . 3.20 - 3.80 0.20 - 0.30 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 5120H 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 1.00 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 0.60 - 1.00 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 8617H 0.14 - 0.20 0.60 - 0.95 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 0.35 - 0.65 0.
26、35 - 0.75 0.15 - 0.25 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 8620H 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 0.95 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 0.35 - 0.65 0.35 - 0.75 0.15 - 0.25 0.30 0.0020 0.050. . . 9310H 0.07 - 0.13 0.40 - 0.70 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 1.00 - 1.45 2.95 - 3.55 0.08 - 0.15 0.30 0.0020 0.050B20 20Cr3 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 1.00 0
27、.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.60 - 1.00 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050B21 20Cr4 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 0.90 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.90 - 1.20 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050B22 20MnCr4-2 0.17 - 0.23 0.65 - 1.10 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.40 - 0.75 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050B23 17MnCr5 0.14 - 0.19 1.00 - 1.30 0.025 0
28、.015 0.40 max 0.80 - 1.10 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050B24 19MnCr5 0.17 - 0.22 1.10 - 1.40 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 1.00 - 1.30 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050B25 15CrMo4 0.12 - 0.18 0.60 - 0.90 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.90 - 1.20 . . . 0.15 - 0.25 0.30 0.0020 0.050B26 20CrMo4 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 0.90 0.025 0
29、.015 0.40 max 0.90 - 1.20 . . . 0.15 - 0.25 0.30 0.0020 0.050B27 20MnCrMo4-2 0.17 - 0.23 0.65 - 1.10 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.40 - 0.75 . . . 0.10 - 0.20 0.30 0.0020 0.050B28 20NiCrMo2 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 0.95 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.35 - 0.65 0.40 - 0.70 0.15 - 0.25 0.30 0.0020 0.050B29 20NiCrMo7 0.17
30、- 0.23 0.40 - 0.70 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.35 - 0.65 1.60 - 2.00 0.20 - 0.30 0.30 0.0020 0.050B30 18CrNiMo7-6 0.15 - 0.21 0.50 - 0.90 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 1.50 - 1.80 1.40 - 1.70 0.25 - 0.35 0.30 0.0020 0.050B31 18NiCrMo14-6 0.15 - 0.20 0.40 - 0.70 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 1.30 - 1.60 3.25 - 3.75 0.15 -
31、0.25 0.30 0.0020 0.050B32 16NiCrMo16-5 0.14 - 0.18 0.25 - 0.55 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 1.00 - 1.40 3.80 - 4.30 0.20 - 0.30 0.30 0.0020 0.050A Elements not quoted shall not be intentionally added to the steel without the agreement of the purchaser.B Intentional additions of calcium or calcium alloys for
32、 deoxidation or inclusion shape control are not permitted unless specifically approved by the purchaser.C Steels B20 through B32 meet the requirements of ISO 683, Part 17, Second Edition, Table 3.D Oxygen content applies to product analysis and shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods E10
33、19.A534 142constitute a heat, two of the sample ingots shall be selected from the second usable plate poured. Where a single usable plateconstitutes a heat, any three random ingots may be selected. Other methods of sampling shall be as agreed upon by manufacturerand purchaser.7.2.3 For strand cast p
34、roducts, a minimum of six samples representing the first, middle, and last usable portion of the heat castshall be examined. At least one sample shall be taken from each strand.7.3 Inclusion RatingThe polished face of the specimens shall be 38 by 34 in. (9.5 by 19.1 mm) and shall be taken from anare
35、a halfway between the center and outside of the billet or forged sections. The polished face shall be longitudinal to the directionof rolling. The scale used for rating the specimens shall be the Jernkontoret chart described in Test Methods E45, Method A, PlateI-r.I-A. Fields with sizes or numbers o
36、f all types of inclusions intermediate between configurations shown on the chart shall beclassified as the lesser of the rating number. The worst field of each inclusion type from each specimen shall be recorded as therating for the specimen. Two thirds of all specimens and at least one from each in
37、got tested, or from the first, middle, and lastportion of the strands tested, as well as the average of all specimens, shall not exceed the rating specified in Table 2.8. Grain Size8.1 The grain size shall be six or finer as defined in Test Methods E112 (see Plate 4, austenitic grain size in steels)
38、. Materialnot meeting this requirement may be normalized at 1700F (927C) or above and retested.9. Hardenability9.1 Each heat shall be tested for hardenability in accordance with Test Methods A255. The “J” values for hardenability shallconform to limits specified in Specification A304 or as agreed up
39、on by manufacturer and purchaser.TABLE 2 Inclusion RatingRating UnitsThin Series Heavy SeriesA 212 A 112B 2 B 1C 12 C 12D 1 D 1TABLE 2 Inclusion RatingRating UnitsThin Series Heavy SeriesA 2.5 A 1.5B 2.0 B 1.0C 0.5 C 0.5D 1.0 D 1.0TABLE 3 Decarburization and Surface Imperfections for Coils and Bars
40、for Balls and RollersSize,in. (mm)Decarburization or Surface Imperfectionsper side, max, in. (mm)Hot-Rolled orHot-Rolled AnnealedCold-Finishedthrough 0.250 (6.35) 0.005 (0.13) 0.003 (0.08)over 0.250 (6.35) to 0.500 (12.7), incl 0.006 (0.15) 0.004 (0.10)over 0.500 (12.7) to 0.750 (19.1), incl 0.008 (
41、0.20) 0.006 (0.15)over 0.750 (19.1) to 1.000 (25.4), incl 0.010 (0.25) 0.008 (0.20)TABLE 4 Decarburization and Surface Imperfections for Bars and TubesDecarburization and Surface Imperfections per side, max, in. (mm)Size, in. (mm)Hot-RolledBarsAnnealed Cold-FinishedBars Tubes Bars Tubesthrough 1.000
42、 (25.4) 0.012 (0.31) 0.015 (0.38) 0.012 (0.31) 0.012 (0.31) 0.010 (0.21)over 1.000 (25.4) to 2.000 (50.8), incl 0.017 (0.43) 0.022 (0.56) 0.020 (0.51) 0.015 (0.38) 0.014 (0.36)over 2.000 (50.8) to 3.000 (76.2), incl 0.025 (0.64) 0.030 (0.76) 0.030 (0.76) 0.025 (0.64) 0.019 (0.48)over 3.000 (76.2) to
43、 4.000 (101.6), incl 0.035 (0.89) 0.045 (1.14) 0.035 (0.89) . 0.024 (0.61)over 4.000 (101.6) to 5.000 (127.0), incl 0.055 (1.40) 0.065 (1.65) 0.040 (1.02) . 0.028 (0.71)A534 14310. Decarburization and Surface Imperfections10.1 Decarburization and surface imperfections shall not exceed the limits spe
44、cified in Tables 3 and 4. Decarburization shall bemeasured using the microscopical methods described in Test Methods E1077.11. Inspection11.1 The manufacturer shall afford the purchasers inspector all reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy him that the materialis being produced and furnished in
45、accordance with this specification. Mill inspection by the purchaser shall not interfereunnecessarily with the manufacturers operations. All tests and inspections shall be made at the place of manufacture, unlessotherwise agreed upon.12. Certification and Reports12.1 Upon request of the purchaser in
46、 the contract or order, a manufacturers certification that the material was manufacturedand tested in accordance with this specification, together with a report of the test results, shall be furnished at the time of shipment.Special requirements agreed to at the time of purchase must be noted on the
47、 certification.A534 144SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSOne or more of the supplementary requirements described below apply when included in thepurchasers order or contract. When so included, a supplementary requirement shall have the sameforce as if it were in the body of the specification. Supplementary
48、requirements details not fullydescribed shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier, but shall not negate any of therequirements in the body of the specification.S1. Titanium ContentS1.1 The purchaser may specify that the analysis of titanium be provided by agreement with the steel m
49、anufacturer.S2. Residual ElementsS2.1 The purchaser may specify that the analysis of titanium, aluminum, and/or oxygen, be provided by agreement with the steelmanufacturer. The number and location of samples shall be by agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer.S3. “SAM” Inclusion Rating SystemS3.1 The purchaser may specify that the “SAM” inclusion rating method described in Test Methods E45, Method E, be usedin addition to the micro-inclusion rating method described in 7.3.S3.2 SamplingSee 7.2.S3.3 LimitsThe “SAM” rating for B-type inclusions shall
