1、 ETSI TR 103 148 V1.1.1 (2014-06) Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); System Reference document (SRdoc); Technical characteristics of Radio equipment to be used in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz band; Short-Range Radar to be fitted on fixed transport infrastructure Technical Report
2、 ETSI ETSI TR 103 148 V1.1.1 (2014-06) 2Reference DTR/ERM-TGSRR-66 Keywords radar, regulation, safety, SRD, SRdoc ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enre
3、gistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice The present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or print versions of the present document shall not
4、be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secreta
5、riat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send
6、your comment to one of the following services: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
7、The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2014. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are
8、 Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 103 148 V1.1.1 (201
9、4-06) 3Contents Intellectual Property Rights 5g3Foreword . 5g3Modal verbs terminology 5g3Executive summary 5g3Introduction 6g31 Scope 7g32 References 7g32.1 Normative references . 7g32.2 Informative references 7g33 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 9g33.1 Definitions 9g33.2 Symbols 9g33.3 Abb
10、reviations . 9g34 Comments on the System Reference Document 10g35 Fixed Transport Infrastructure Radar . 10g35.1 System Description. 10g35.2 Use Cases and Deployment Scenarios 10g35.2.1 Surveillance radar for traffic incident detection and prevention . 10g35.2.2 Surveillance radar for traffic enforc
11、ement and safety . 10g35.2.3 Road-Railway Crossings . 10g35.2.3.1 Railway network based . 10g35.2.3.2 Road network based 11g35.2.4 Airport Ground Movements 11g35.2.5 Non-Transport Applications . 11g36 Market Size and Societal Benefits 11g36.1 Automatic Incident Detection . 11g36.2 Traffic Enforcemen
12、t . 11g37 Technical information 11g37.1 Detailed technical description 11g37.2 Technical parameters and implications on spectrum 12g37.2.1 Status of technical parameters 12g37.2.1.1 Current ITU and European Common Allocations . 12g37.2.2 Transmitter parameters . 13g37.2.2.1 Transmitter Output Power/
13、Radiated Power 13g37.2.2.1a Antenna Characteristics 13g37.2.2.1b Beam Profiles 13g37.2.2.2 Operating Frequency . 15g37.2.2.3 Bandwidth . 15g37.2.2.4 Unwanted emissions 16g37.2.2.5 Duty Cycle/Mechanical Scanning . 16g37.2.3 Receiver parameters 16g37.3 Information on relevant standard(s) . 16g37.4 Sha
14、ring and Compatibility Studies . 16g37.4.1 MOSARIM . 16g37.4.2 SEAMCAT . 17g37.4.3 Radio Astronomy Service . 17g37.4.4 Sharing and compatibility issues still to be considered. 17g38 Radio spectrum request and justification . 17g39 Regulations . 19g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 148 V1.1.1 (2014-06) 49.1 Current
15、regulations . 19g39.2 Proposed regulation and justification . 19g3Annex A: FMCW Radar - Technical Details . 20g3A.1 Principle of operation . 20g3A.1.1 Underlying FMCW radar and tracking technology 20g3A.1.2 Processing for incident detection 21g3A.1.3 Processing for enforcement 21g3A.2 Interference M
16、echanisms . 22g3Annex B: Fixed Radar Installations at 76 GHz to 77 GHz 23g3B.1 Existing Installations 23g3B.1.1 South Link Tunnel, Stockholm, Sweden 23g3B.1.2 Bolte Bridge, Melbourne, Australia . 23g3B.1.3 E4 Highway, Stockholm, Sweden 24g3B.1.4 E73 Highway, Stockholm, Sweden 24g3B.1.5 Hindhead Tunn
17、el, London, UK 24g3B.1.6 Tunnel, Slovenia . 25g3B.1.7 Motorway, Munich, Germany 25g3B.1.8 Mastrafjord and Tunnel, Norway . 26g3B.1.9 Autostrada A14, Bologna, Italy 26g3B.2 Market size . 27g3B.2.1 For Automatic Incident detection . 27g3B.2.1.1 On Managed Motorways 27g3B.2.1.2 In Tunnels . 28g3B.2.2 F
18、or traffic enforcement . 29g3B.2.3 Airports and Landing Strips and Air Traffic Control . 32g3B.3 Non Transport Applications . 33g3B.3.1 For Industrial detection and automations . 33g3B.3.2 Prison Buildings . 35g3B.3.3 Power Stations and Reservoirs . 36g3B.3.4 Data Centers and Commercial Property . 3
19、6g3Annex C: Installation details for road surveillance 37g3Annex D: SEAMCAT Study - Fixed and Vehicular Radars 40g3D.1 Radar Antenna Specs 41g3D.2 Conclusions 42g3Annex E: Radio Astronomy Service . 43g3E.1 Locations of Millimetre Wave Observatories 43g3E.2 Coupling Calculations 43g3E.2.1 Radiated si
20、gnal details 44g3E.2.2 Separation distance calculation 45g3E.3 Sector Blanking 47g3E.4 Conclusions 47g3Annex F: Bibliography 48g3History 49g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 148 V1.1.1 (2014-06) 5Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to E
21、TSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is avail
22、able from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/ipr.etsi.org). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000
23、 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). EC Decision 2011-829-EU i.9 obliges E
24、U Member States to allow the use of the 76 GHz to 77 GHz band for Road Transport an Telematics for terrestrial vehicles and infrastructure systems. This EC Decision is subject to an update process. CEPT Report 44 i.10 is the recommendation from CEPT for the 5thupdate cycle. In this it is recommended
25、 to broaden the category of Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT) to Transport and Traffic Telematics (TTT), and to change the usage restriction on 76 GHz to 77 GHz band to ground based vehicle and infrastructure systems only. The draft revised Decision i.11 indicates that these recommendatio
26、ns are being adopted. Accordingly, the present document describes fixed infrastructure radar systems in a range of transport applications. A previously published ETSI System Reference Document, TR 102 704 i.7, discusses the use of 76 GHz to 77 GHz band by radars mounted on ground based vehicles othe
27、r than automobiles. The purpose of the present document is to provide details of how fixed infrastructure radar are used within the transportation sector, and to indicate the parameters under which these systems operate. Modal verbs terminology In the present document “shall“, “shall not“, “should“,
28、 “should not“, “may“, “may not“, “need“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in dire
29、ct citation. Executive summary The present document provides information about fixed surveillance radar installations in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz band. The majority of the systems described here are high value infrastructure systems serving functions of safety and efficiency in the transport field. Typi
30、cal uses are for surveillance of critical highway situations such as tunnels and large road intersections. There is a requirement in the EU for Automatic Incident Detection in road tunnels which have a control room and are 500 m or longer i.1. Other users of the 76 GHz to 77 GHz band include vehicle
31、 radars and the Radio Astronomy Service. The important sharing scenarios are therefore a large number of vehicle radars with a small number of fixed radars and with the RAS conducting measurements from 8 sites in Europe. ETSI ETSI TR 103 148 V1.1.1 (2014-06) 6The 76 GHz to 77 GHz band is designated
32、for both fixed and vehicle radars by 2011-829-EU (the EC Decision on Short Range Devices) i.9. Currently there is a harmonised standard for vehicle radars, EN 301 091-1 i.8, but fixed radars are outside its scope. The fixed radars described here operate with the same signal parameters as vehicle rad
33、ars - they are in fact compliant with the technical requirements of EN 301 091-1 i.8. It should be noted that the fixed radars described do not constitute a new proposal. They represent an established application with a significant installed base. Systems are currently being installed in many Europe
34、an countries (Annex B), but by their nature as high capital cost infrastructure systems they cannot be expected to become massively deployed items. The present document also examines the sharing scenarios. An acceptable arrangement with the RAS is a small exclusion zone around each millimetre wave o
35、bservatory site (Annex E). An initial study shows that probability of a scanning infrastructure radar interfering with a vehicular radar is even less than that of a vehicular radar interfering with another vehicular radar (Annex D).The purposes of the present document include: 1) To provide informat
36、ion to CEPT, EC and other bodies to assist studies and regulatory decisions. 2) To pave the way for ETSI to develop a harmonised standard for fixed surveillance radars. The present document concentrates on applications for surveillance radars in the transport field. The proponents of the SRdoc also
37、note that there are applications in other fields and these are described in clause B.3. Introduction The present document has been developed to support the co-operation between ETSI and the Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) of the European Conference of Post and Telecommunications Administra
38、tions (CEPT). The European Commission Decision on harmonisation of the radio spectrum for use by short-range devices 2006/771/EC sets out the harmonised frequency bands as well as the technical usage conditions under which SRDs can be used across Europe. Last updated in December 2011 under EC Decisi
39、on 2011/829/EU i.9, the decision sets the usage scope for this band as “terrestrial vehicle and infrastructure systems“. The 76 GHz RTTT Standard EN 301 091-1 i.8 defines the technical characteristics and test methods for radar equipment operating in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz band. Early versions of EN 3
40、01 091-1 i.8 define the scope as covering both fixed radar installations, and mobile. Subsequent versions of EN 301 091-1 i.8 have limited the scope to road vehicles only. Other than the definition of the scope, the fixed radar systems presented are fully compliant with the latest versions of EN 301
41、 091-1 i.8. The 76 GHz to 77 GHz band is highly versatile and can be used also for safety relevant radar applications which operate either as part of a fixed transport installation, or on a mobile vehicle. These safety related fixed transport installations are the subject of the present document. Th
42、e main benefits of using the 76 GHz to 77 GHz frequency band for these applications are that overall radar sensor package sizes can be made of a reasonable size without overly large or cumbersome antenna. These are suitable for roadside installation. With high operating frequency, high resolution ra
43、nge measurements are possible. In addition componentry is readily available in this band. These advantages are further discussed within. ETSI ETSI TR 103 148 V1.1.1 (2014-06) 71 Scope The present document describes the application of fixed transport surveillance radar systems in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz
44、 band. Short Range Radars operating in this band are used in a variety of applications, the majority of which are safety related. The present document includes in particular: market information for applications apart from road vehicles; technical information regarding the typical radar installations
45、; regulatory issues and interference studies whilst considering other band users. 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific referen
46、ces, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the ti
47、me of publication ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document. Not applicable. 2.2 Informative references The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application
48、 of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. i.1 L167/39: “Directive 2004/54/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004
49、 on minimum safety requirements for tunnels in the Trans-European Road Network“. i.2 WN 96W0000071: “The Impact of Rapid Incident Detection on Freeway Accident Fatalities“. i.3 Rail Safety and Standards Board: “Half-year safety performance report 2012/13“. i.4 Network Rail: “Strategic Business Plan for England System Reference Document; Short Range Devices (SRD); Radar sensors for non-automotive; ground based vehicular applications in the 76 GHz to 77 GHz frequency range“. ETSI ETSI TR 103 148 V1.1.1 (2014-06) 8i.8 ETSI EN 301 091-1 (
