1、考研英语模拟试卷 342 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 For those who regard the al-Jazeera TV channel as a biased, anti-western mouthpiece for Osama bin Laden, the announcement that it wil
2、l start broadcasting 24 hours a day in English next year will be unwelcome. Its likeliest audience is Muslims (1)_ the Middle East who do not speak Arabic. Will al-Jazeeras reports of suffering and rage in Iraq and beyond inspire anger (2)_ America and its (3)_ at home, too?The new service may prove
3、 a bit less (4)_ than its Arabic sibling. Nigel Parsons, its managing editor, says that al-Jazeera has been too strident on (5)_ in the past, and that the English channel will (6)_ to redress that. It will strive (7)_ balance, credibility and authority, he says, and it will signal a new maturity for
4、 al-Jazeera, which was started by the emir of Qatar in 1996.It will broadcast its own original contentnews, documentaries and talk shows(8)_ studios in Doha, London and Washington, (9)_ international news beyond the Middle East. especially the developing countries often (10)_ by existing English-lan
5、guage channels.A1-Jazeera is already enjoying a fresh burst of (11)_ outside the Middle East. Around the same time that the interim government in Iraq ordered it to shut its bureau in Baghdad, westerners started watching “Control Room“, a film sympathetic (12)_ the station directed by Jehane Noujaim
6、. At a screening in London last week an audience of local journalists laughed along (13)_ al-Jazeeras reporters and editors (14)_ the (15)_ of the American military.The biggest mystery about al-Jazeera surround its funding, which “Control Room“ sadly did not (16)_. Qatar has a new (17)_ in the world
7、 (18)_ to the station. That may be why the emir is willing to spend (19)_ an English-language channel even (20)_ the original Arabic one is probably losing money.（A）outside（B） inside（C） in（D）out（A）on（B） at（C） with（D）against（A）enemies（B） partners（C） allies（D）supporters（A）contentious（B） controversial（
8、C） competitive（D）competent（A）circumstance（B） occasion（C） time（D）events（A）seek（B） look（C） aim（D）search（A）to（B） on（C） at（D）for（A）in（B） at（C） on（D）from（A）dealing（B） containing（C） covering（D）involving（A）forgotten（B） neglected（C） deserted（D）disregarded（A）interest（B） notice（C） appeal（D）attention（A）to（B） w
9、ith（C） about（D）on（A）with（B） at（C） about（D）to（A）on（B） about（C） at（D）in（A）sacrifice（B） expense（C） cost（D）price（A）search（B） research（C） probe（D）examine（A）prominence（B） fame（C） status（D）importance（A）due to（B） because of（C） thanks to（D）owing to（A）in（B） on（C） at（D）with（A）that（B） since（C） although（D）though
10、Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)21 The physicist investigating the relationship between time and space, the chemist is exploring the properties of a new substance, the biologist probing the mysteries of the co
11、ntinuity of life, and the anthropologist searching for human origins share a common trait curiosity. Not that nonscientists are not curious; most people possess this characteristic. The scientist, however, uses a specific method to make researches into these enigmatic problemsthe scientific method.U
12、nfortunately, science and its method are misunderstood. The multiplication of our knowledge in medicine and technology has led to idea that science can cure all and explain all and that only enough time, money and intelligence are needed. In truth, science cant provide all answers. In fact, many phe
13、nomena are not even subject to scientific explanations.On the other side of the coin, science has been attacked as a cause of most contemporary problems. It is said to be responsible for the depersonalization of the individual, for stripping creativity from human behavior, and for creating massive t
14、hreats to the species through the development of nuclear power, insecticide and polluting machinery. If we analyze the situation, we can see that it was not the original intent of the people who developed computers to debase humankind, nor was mass production proposed as a method to crush creativity
15、. It is what society, policymakers especially, does with scientific and achievements that makes them social or antisocial. There is nothing inherently good or bad about science.21 Which of the following is the main topic of the passage? _.（A）Scientists and their curiosity（B） Understandings of scienc
16、e（C） Science and scientific method（D）Misunderstandings of science22 The last sentence of paragraph 2 could be explained as which of the following? _.（A）Many phenomena can be subjects of scientific explanations（B） Many phenomena can find answers in scientific explanations（C） Scientific explanations c
17、ant provide answers to many phenomena（D）Scientific explanations are not related to many phenomena23 The expression “to debase humankind in para. 3 could be explained as_.（A）to provide base to humankind（B） to reduce the value of humankind（C） to get rid of humankind（D）to compete with humankind24 Accor
18、ding to the last paragraph, which of the following will be accepted by the author?_.（A）Science is the cause of modem problems（B） Science itself is neither good nor bad（C） Science leads to environmental pollution（D）Science causes many antisocial acts25 In the expression “On the other side of the coin
19、 “in Para. 3 “the coin “is used to refer to _.（A）the misunderstanding of science（B） the scientific explanation（C） the money needed in scientific research（D）the curiosity of scientists and nonscientists26 By 1,800 about half the population of Brazil had come from Africa. So had about half the populat
20、ion of Venezuela. So had a smaller but still large part of all the population of Trans-Atlantic republics, whether in North, Central or South Africa, or in the Caribbean islands. It was these men and women of African descent conquered the wilderness of the Americas, clearing and working in countless
21、 farms and plantations, founding and opening innumerable mines of iron or precious metals. Harsh and painful as it was, the overseas slave trade (like the not much less painful movement of millions of hungry and jobless men and women from Europe) laid the foundations of American republics. These Afr
22、icans beyond the seas have their place in the story of Africa (the story of West Africa), for what they attempted and achieved was also a reflection of the strong and independent civilization from which they came. Consider, for example, the heroic and successful struggle for independence conducted b
23、y the slaves of the Caribbean land of St. Domingue. In 1789, at the moment of the French Revolution, this French colony in the Caribbean was probably the wealthiest colony in the world. Its tens of thousands of African slave-workers produced enormous quantities of sugar, whole European communities l
24、ived off the profits.When news of the Revolution in France reached St. Domingue, these slaves claimed their share in its ideals and benefits. They demanded their freedom. When denied this, they rose in revolt against their masters. In years of hard fighting against large armies sent by France, and a
25、fterwards against large armies sent by Britain, these men of St. Domingue won their freedom and founded the Republic of Haiti. Yet more than half these soldiers of freedom had made the “middle passage“ across the Atlantic. More than half, in other words, had been born in Africa, had spent their chil
26、dhood in Africa, and had learned in Africa their respect for freedom; while nearly all the rest were the children of parents or grandparents born in Africa. And they were led by Africans: by men of genius and courage such as Boukman, the unforgettable Toussaint Louverture, and Dessalines.Raised by T
27、oussaint and his Africans, the banner of freedom across the Atlantic was carried from people to people. Many threw off their bondage. Large numbers of men of African origin fought in the armies that made the United States what they are today. It was a general of African descent, Antonio Maceo, who l
28、ed the military struggle for Cuban independence against Spain in 1868.Like other men of vision, Maceo had no time for racism, for the false idea that one race of men is better or worse than any other. Some of the whites of Cuba disagreed with him. They were Spanish settlers who thought that white wa
29、s going to be better than black even in an independent Cuba.One day Maceo was approached by a Spanish Cuban who suggested that the regiments of independence army should be divided into whites and non-whites. Maceo made him a reply which became famous in Cuba. “If you were not white“, Maceo said to t
30、his man, “I would have you shot on the spot. But I do not wish to be accused of being racialist as you are, and so I let you go, but with the warning that I shall not be so patient another time. The revolution has no color“.26 It could be inferred that the writer thinks that, in comparison with the
31、movement of millions of hungry and jobless people from Europe, the overseas slave trade was _（A）much less harsh and painful（B） rather harsh and painful（C） more harsh and painful（D）not much less harsh and painful27 The main purpose of the first paragraph is _.（A）to describe the heroic and successful
32、struggle for independence waged by the slaves of St. Domingues（B） to show how huge numbers of Africans populated the Americas（C） to show that Africans had a vital part to play in laying the foundations of the American republics（D）to describe the horrors of the overseas slave trade28 To the author, t
33、he important thing about the revolution of St. Domingue is that _.（A）it was led by Africans（B） it fought against armies from both Britain and France（C） the people of the island were denied a share in the benefits and ideals of the French Revolution（D）it was inspired by the strong and independent civ
34、ilization of Africa where most of the soldiers had originated29 We may infer from the third paragraph that _.（A）large numbers of black soldiers in the United States fight today（B） blacks played an important role in shaping the United States（C） blacks took no part in the independent war in the United
35、 States（D）large numbers of blacks in the United States today came from Africa30 Maceo decided not to shoot the Spanish Cuban because _.（A）the latter was white（B） the latter was not white（C） the revolution has no color（D）he did not wish to be accused of being a racist31 “Worse than useless“, fumed Da
36、rrell Issa, a Republican congressman from California, on March 19th, when the House Judiciary Committee held a hearing on the Immigration and Naturalization Service. “Terrible, and getting worse“, added Zoe Lofgren, a Democratic colleague who has kept a watchful eye on the INS for ten years.Committe
37、e members lined up to take swings at James Ziglar, the head of the INS. He explained, somewhat pathetically, that “outdated procedures“ had kept the visa-processing wheels grinding slowly through a backlog of applications. He also had some new rules in mind to tighten up visas. Speeding up the paper
38、work and getting more of it on to computersis vital, but the September attacks have exposed the tension, between the agencys two jobs: on the one hand enforcing the security of Americas borders, and on the other granting privileges such as work permits to foreigners.But other people want more radica
39、l changes. James Sensenbrenner, a Republican congressman from Wisconsin, wants to split the INS into two separate bodies, one dealing with border security and the other with handling benefits to immigrants. The other approach, favored in the White House, is to treat the two functions as complementar
40、y, and to give the INS even more responsibility for security. Under that plan, the INS would merge with the Customs Service, which monitors the 20m shipments of goods brought into America every year, as well as the bags carried in by some 500m visitors. The two agencies would form one large body wit
41、hin the Department of Justice, the current home of the INS. This would cut out some of the duplicated effort at borders, where customs officers and agents from the INSs Border Patrol often rub shoulders but do not work together.Mr. Bushwho has said that the news of the visa approvals left him “plent
42、y hot“was expected to give his approval. The senate, however, may not be quite so keen. The Justice Department could have trouble handling such a merger, let alone taking on the considerable economic responsibilities of the Customs Service, which is currently part of the Treasury.The senate prefers
43、yet another set of security recommendations, including links between the databases of different agencies that hold security and immigration information, and scanners at ports of entry to check biometric data recorded on immigration documents. These ideas are embodied in a bill sponsored by members o
44、f both parties, but are currently held up by Robert Byrd, the chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee, who worries that there has not been enough debate on the subject. Mr. Ziglar, poor chap, may feel there has been more than enough.31 We learn from the text that the work of the INS（A）has ca
45、ptured close attention.（B） is being performed at full swing.（C） earned the contempt of officers.（D）is running into a state of confusion.32 Besides dealing with border security, the INS also（A）keeps a watchful eye on itself.（B） grants privileges to immigrants.（C） supervise shipments of goods.（D）takes
46、 advantage of computers.33 Suggestions have been raised on the issue of the INS except（A）coupling with the Customs Service.（B） separation into two bodies.（C） sympathy expressed for its head.（D）sharing information available.34 It can be inferred from the text that the INS（A）will be involved in more c
47、ooperation.（B） can recruit more workers at will.（C） will be relieved of its responsibilities.（D）may be the target of harsh criticisms.35 The best title for the text may be（A）Immigrant Benefits a hot dispute.（B） Terrible INS a Disposable Organization.（C） A Redundant Agencyto be Split.（D）Incompetent I
48、NSon the Road to Reforms.36 The entertainment industry and technology companies have been warring for years over the dazzling ability of computers and the Internet to copy and transmit music and movies.A crucial battle ended this week with a ruling by Americas Supreme Court in favour of copyright ho
49、lder and against two companies that distribute peer-to-peer (P2P) software, which lets users share files online with others. The courts decision, though ostensibly a victory for content providers, is nevertheless unlikely to stamp out file sharingmuch of which will continue from outside Americaor stop the technological innovation that is threatening the current business models of media firms.The court was asked to decide whether two fi
