1、2015 年华中师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：66.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.APEC（分数：2.00）_3.ASEAN（分数：2.00）_4.OIE（分数：2.00）_5.Into the Woods（分数：2.00）_6.SCO（分数：2.00）_7.WEC（分数：2.00）_8.WFP（分数：2.00）_9.APEC（分数：2.00）_10.ASEAN（分数：2.00）_11.Unbroken（分数：2.00）_12.ICJ（分数：2.00）_13.Chevrolet（分数：2.00）_14.Ferrari（
2、分数：2.00）_15.Daily Mirror（分数：2.00）_16.The White House Office（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.博鳌亚洲论坛（分数：2.00）_19.上海合作组织（分数：2.00）_20.法制委员会（分数：2.00）_21.反腐倡廉（分数：2.00）_22.中国证券监督管理委员会（分数：2.00）_23.宋庆龄基金会（分数：2.00）_24.中国曲艺家协会（分数：2.00）_25.香港特别行政区政府（分数：2.00）_26.海军陆战队（分数：2.00）_27.社会保障体系（分数：2.00）_28.人才之家（分数：2.00）_29.节能减排（分数：2
3、.00）_30.国际金融危机（分数：2.00）_31.非物质文化遗产（分数：2.00）_32.五四运动（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：5，分数：6.00)33.英译汉_34.Education is the harmonious development of all our faculties. It begins in the nursery, and goes on at school, but does not end there. It continues through life, whether we will or not. The only question is w
4、hether what we learn in after life is wisely chosen or picked up haphazard. “ Every person,“ says Gibbon , “ has two educations, one which he receives from others, and one more important, which he gives himself. “ What we teach ourselves must indeed always be more useful than what we learn of others
5、. “ Nobody,“ said Locke, “ ever went far in knowledge, or became eminent in any of the Sciences, by the discipline and restraint of a Master. “Those who have not distinguished themselves at school need not on that account be discouraged. The greatest minds do not necessarily ripen the quickest. If,
6、indeed, you have not taken pains, then, though I will not say that you should be discouraged, still you should be ashamed; but if you have done your best, you have only to persevere; for many of those who have never been able to distinguish themselves at school, have been very successful in after li
7、fe. We are told that Wellington and Napoleon were both dull boys, and the same is said to have been the case with Sir Issac Newton, Dean Swift, Clive, Sir Walter Scott, Sheridan, and many other eminent men. Evidently then it does not follow that those who have distinguished themselves least at schoo
8、l have benefited least.（分数：2.00）_35.As holidays go, Thanksgiving is in some ways the most philosophical. Today we try not to take for granted the things we almost always take for granted. We try, if only in that brief pause before the eating begins, to see through the well-worn patterns of our lives
9、 to what lies behind them. In other words, we try to understand how very rich we are, whether we feel very rich or not. Today is one of the few times most Americans consciously set desire aside, if only because desire is incompatible with the gratitude not to mention the abundancethat Thanksgiving s
10、ummons.Its tempting to think that one Thanksgiving is pretty much like another, except for differences in the guest list and the recipes. But it isnt true. This is always a feast about where we are now. Thanksgiving reflects the complexion of the year were in. Some years it feels buoyant, almost jub
11、ilant in nature. Other years it seems marked by a conspicuous humility uncommon in the calendar of American emotions.And this year? We will probably remember this Thanksgiving as a banquet of mixed emotions. This is, after all, a profoundly American holiday. The undertow of business as usual seems e
12、specially strong this year. The shadow of a war and misgivings over the future loom in the minds of many of us. Most years we enjoy the privacy of Thanksgiving, but this year, somehow, the holiday feels like part of a public effort to remember and reclaim for ourselves what it means to be American.（
13、分数：2.00）_36.汉译英_37.老子说：“上善若水”水具有最高的善。老子以水来作比喻，突出他的“不争”哲学思想，与恶意争斗的丛林法则相区别。老子说： “水善万物而不争。”水的最高的德行就是“不争”。在老子看来，人往高处走，水往低处流。人情受欲望驱使，好高而恶下，而水却永远地往下流淌。水是生命之源，可以滋润万物，给大地带来生命，没有水也就没有生命。水作出巨大的贡献，又不计较自己的得失。水在最低、最平、最静之处，包容天下一切，映照万物。水选择了一条和利欲熏心的人完全不同的道路。 老子哲学并不是弱者的哲学，他的哲学充满了力量感。老子认为，水在柔弱宁静中，积聚了强大的力量，可以冲破世界上的一切障
14、碍。他说：“天下莫柔弱于水，而攻坚强者莫之能胜。”水是柔弱胜刚强的典型。水因为不争，不为利欲所驱动，所以能无往而不胜。（分数：2.00）_2015 年华中师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：66.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.APEC（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：亚太经济合作组织(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)解析：3.ASEAN（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：东南亚国家联盟(简称东盟，Association of Southeast Asian Nations
15、)解析：4.OIE（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：世界动物卫生组织(法语：Office International des Epizooties)解析：5.Into the Woods（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：魔法黑森林)解析：6.SCO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：上海合作组织(Shanghai Cooperation Organization)解析：7.WEC（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：世界能源理事会(World Energy Council)解析：8.WFP（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：世界粮食计划署(World Food
16、Programme)解析：9.APEC（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：亚太经济合作组织(AsiaPacific Economic Cooperation)解析：10.ASEAN（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：东南亚国家联盟(简称东盟，Association of Southeast Asian Nations)解析：11.Unbroken（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：坚不可摧)解析：12.ICJ（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(联合国)国际法院(International Court of Justice)解析：13.Chevrolet（分数：2.00
17、）_正确答案：(正确答案：雪佛兰(汽车品牌)解析：14.Ferrari（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：法拉利(汽车品牌)解析：15.Daily Mirror（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：每日镜报)解析：16.The White House Office（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：白宫办公厅)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.博鳌亚洲论坛（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Boao Forum for Asia(BFA)解析：19.上海合作组织（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Shanghai Cooperation Organization(SC
18、O)解析：20.法制委员会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：legislative Affairs Commission)解析：21.反腐倡廉（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：to fight corruption and build a clean government)解析：22.中国证券监督管理委员会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：China Securities Regulatory Commission(CSRC)解析：23.宋庆龄基金会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：China Soong Ching Ling Foundation)解析：24.
19、中国曲艺家协会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Chinese Quyi Artists Association)解析：25.香港特别行政区政府（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region)解析：26.海军陆战队（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Marine Corps)解析：27.社会保障体系（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：social security system)解析：28.人才之家（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Home for
20、Talent)解析：29.节能减排（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：energy saving and emission reduction)解析：30.国际金融危机（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：international financial crisis)解析：31.非物质文化遗产（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：intangible cultural heritage)解析：32.五四运动（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The May Fourth Movement)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：5，分数：6.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.Educat
21、ion is the harmonious development of all our faculties. It begins in the nursery, and goes on at school, but does not end there. It continues through life, whether we will or not. The only question is whether what we learn in after life is wisely chosen or picked up haphazard. “ Every person,“ says
22、Gibbon , “ has two educations, one which he receives from others, and one more important, which he gives himself. “ What we teach ourselves must indeed always be more useful than what we learn of others. “ Nobody,“ said Locke, “ ever went far in knowledge, or became eminent in any of the Sciences, b
23、y the discipline and restraint of a Master. “Those who have not distinguished themselves at school need not on that account be discouraged. The greatest minds do not necessarily ripen the quickest. If, indeed, you have not taken pains, then, though I will not say that you should be discouraged, stil
24、l you should be ashamed; but if you have done your best, you have only to persevere; for many of those who have never been able to distinguish themselves at school, have been very successful in after life. We are told that Wellington and Napoleon were both dull boys, and the same is said to have bee
25、n the case with Sir Issac Newton, Dean Swift, Clive, Sir Walter Scott, Sheridan, and many other eminent men. Evidently then it does not follow that those who have distinguished themselves least at school have benefited least.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 教育，即我们所有天资的和谐发展。它始于幼稚园，续之于学校，但并不止于学校。不管我们愿意与否，教育都会贯穿我
26、们的一生。唯一的问题在于我们后半生所学是出于明智之选择，还是出于偶然之所获。历史学家爱德华-吉本说：“每个人都会接受两种教育，一种受教于人，一种受教于己，而后一种教育更为重要。”较之受教于人所得的收获，自我教育之收获肯定总是更有裨益。哲学家约翰-洛克就曾说：“仅凭老师的调教和约束，还不曾有人在学问上大有作为，或在某科学领域超凡出众。” 在学校未崭露头角者不必因此而气馁。最具才智者未必就该最早成熟。当然，如果你并未努力，虽然我不会说你应该自馁，但你自己应该感到惭愧；不过，若是你已经竭尽全力，那你只需要持之以恒；须知有众多在校时无法出类拔萃者，其后半生都大获成功。我们知悉，威灵顿公爵和拿破仑皇帝上
27、学时都笨头笨脑，据说其他许多杰出人物念书时也同样愚钝，如艾萨克-牛顿爵士、斯威夫特、克莱武、沃尔特-司各特爵士、谢里丹等。由此可见，学业平庸并非老大无成之必然结果。)解析：35.As holidays go, Thanksgiving is in some ways the most philosophical. Today we try not to take for granted the things we almost always take for granted. We try, if only in that brief pause before the eating begin
28、s, to see through the well-worn patterns of our lives to what lies behind them. In other words, we try to understand how very rich we are, whether we feel very rich or not. Today is one of the few times most Americans consciously set desire aside, if only because desire is incompatible with the gratitude not to mention the abundancethat Thanksgiving summons.Its tempting to think that one Thanksgiving is pretty much like another, except for differences in the guest list and the recipes. But it isnt true. This is always a feast about where we ar
