1、大学英语四级（2013 年 12 月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 233 及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On Traffic Problems in Big CitiesYou should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 wordsOutl
2、ines are given below in Chinese1大城市的机动车保有量迅速增长，交通问题凸显；2部分大城市实行车辆限行来缓解交通压力；3对此，你有什么看法和建议?（分数：2.00）_二、Listening Comprehens(总题数：12，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A.They made more efforts to find more new cases.B.They tried to prevent the disease out of the capital.C.They held a
3、public movement on hygiene information.D.They boosted the accuracy and promptness of their report.A.Its the first time that the disease has broken out in Haiti.B.The death rate of the disease is too high.C.Death number will keep increasing for a long time.D.The disease could join other local disease
4、s in Haiti.A.The children of the international diplomatic corps.B.The program of International Baccalaureate schoolsC.The school district in the suburb of Detroit, Michigan.D.Mother Earth class in IB elementary schools.A.Subject areas are separated.B.Classes are held in the open air.C.Mother Earth c
5、lass covers math.D.Teachers prepare classes together.A.Heavy.B.Strong.C.Quickly.D.Blinding.A.In 1870.B.In 1817.C.In 1807.D.In 1877.A.To tell someone something true.B.To tell someone something pleasant.C.To tell someone some pleasant but false statements.D.To tell someone some beautiful and happy thi
6、ngs.5.Section B_A.Since Friday.B.Since Saturday.C.Since Sunday.D.Since Monday.A.He has a cold.B.He has the flu.C.He has a stomachache.D.He has a toothache.A.Take herbal tea.B.See another doctor.C.Drink chicken soup.D.Stay in bed.A.At 7 : 13.B.At 17 : 13.C.At 7 : 30.D.At 17 : 30.A.Go to the dentists.
7、B.Clean the house.C.Walk the dog.D.Finish her assignment.A.12 : 30 pm.B.2 : 30 pm.C.4 : 30 pm.D.5:30 下午A.Exciting.B.Rewarding.C.Disappointing.D.Exhausting.A.Susan will be asked to do something else.B.Susans mother is going to use the video machine.C.They cant decide on a video.D.The machine isnt wor
8、king.6.Section C_A.We have to use first our eyes, then the brain and finally the muscles.B.We have to make our eyes, brain and muscles work almost at the same time.C.We have to use mainly the arms and legs to hit.D.We have to use mainly the muscles so that the ball is met and hit back.A.What he does
9、 out of class.B.What he learns in books.C.His place in society.D.His lessons in school.A.It is its members.B.It is its team work.C.It is the football field.D.It is the climate.A.They live in twenty rainforests.B.They live in several hundred different varieties of trees.C.They live in a forty-degree
10、band of latitude.D.They live in areas where the rainforest has been cleared.A.One acre per minute.B.One acre per second.C.One hundred acres per minute.D.Two hundred acres per hour.A.The land will be eroded by the rains.B.Many species of plants and animals that depend on the rainforest will become ex
11、tinct.C.The future of the human species may be changed.D.The rainforest will grow, but at a much slower rate.A.To complain about car dealers.B.To offer advice to prospective car buyers.C.To sell new cars.D.To explain how to finance a car.A.In December.B.In the fall.C.On the first day of the month.D.
12、At the end of the week.A.Negotiating a lower price than the one that appears on the sticker.B.Not telling the dealer that you have a car to trade in.C.Financing the new car at the dealership.D.Buying a car that is on the dealers lot instead of ordering one.A.Negotiating a price for most purchases is
13、 not common in the United States.B.Car dealers in the United States are not honest.C.New cars are very expensive in the United States.D.Most shoppers have a car to trade in.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension_8.Section A_The furniture and accessories in a private o
14、ffice can send apowerful message about the image the occupant wants to project. A more subtle choicethe 1 you face when sitting at your desksays a lot about you too, designers say. People whose desks face straight toward the door may want to 2 an image of power and 3 . “It gives them a view of every
15、thing going on outside the office,“ enabling them to 4 visitors, avoid surprises and 5 whats going on, says Leigh Stringer, workplace strategist at the architecture and interior-design firm HOK. Others, however, find the door distracting. Those who sit at an angle can keep an eye on who is 6 by to a
16、void being ambushed (伏击；埋伏 ). Ms. Stringer calls it “the Serengeti effect“. Being able to “look out across the office and see the 7 approach“ is naturally calming, she adds. Workers are 8 in cubicles (小 隔间) often must face a corner or back wall. This might work for hermits, but it can foster anxiety
17、. It allows colleagues to “come up and startle you, and maybe see what was on your screen,“ says industrial designer Douglas Ball. Have you been stuck with your desk facing in a direction you disliked? Have you 9 your desk to convey the image you want? Or do you notice feeling differently about the
18、occupant of an office based on where they 10 their desk?A) anticipate F) beautiful K) seeingB) monitor G) passing L) conveyC) stuck H) give M) tigerD) involved I) repositioned N) getE) place J) direction O) authority（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.S
19、ection B_Bathing Suits and Swimming Habits Have Changed a Lot Over the YearsA) Have you picked out your swimsuit for summer yet? Some kids spend hours shopping for the right look. Others go with whatever Mom or Dad chooses for them. Whatever you wear to the pool or the beach this summer, enjoy the s
20、un and water. And be glad you werent around 100 or 200 years ago, when swimsuits were made of itchy wool and looked like Hogwarts robes. (Or maybe youd like to wear a Hogwarts robe to the beach!) Turn the page to take a peek at the history of the bathing suit.B) In ancient Greece and Rome, men swam
21、for exercise and to train as warriors. They also went to the public baths. Usually, they wore nothing at all. But sometimes they would put on loose-fitting gowns called togas. Women had their own public baths. Some early Roman art shows girls playing sports in what we would call bikinis. But there i
22、s no hint that these outfits were used for swimming, which was not something women and girls did back then.C) Over time, bathing and swimming became less popular. Before the 1500s, in fact, people in Europe thought that public bathing helped spread the diseases that killed millions and wiped out ent
23、ire towns during the Middle Ages. It wasnt until the 17th century that swimming and public bathing spas became popular again. In addition to men, women were able to enjoy these activities, though they had to do so in nightgown like dresses.D) A British fashion report from 1687 described ladies “bath
24、ing costumes“. The dresses were made of stiff canvas and had big sleeves. The sleeves filled with water and kept the gowns from clinging and revealing too much. Men wore canvas pants called drawers and vests called waistcoats.A big cover-upE) Back then, showing off ones body was considered improper.
25、 So people covered themselves as much as possible. Mens one-piece wool swimsuits, the style that replaced drawers and waistcoats, looked like long underwear, with full-length sleeves and legs. Womens bathing dresses often had high collars and went all the way down to their toes. They also wore bathi
26、ng caps and long black stockings.F) Women were expected to be modest in other ways as well. Some, like Martha Washington, had lead weights sewn into the hems of their bathing gowns so the clothing would not float up. Others took to the water inside covered wooden frames called “bathing machines“.G)
27、This term also was used for small wooden cabins at Atlantic Ocean beaches in the early to mid-1800s. The cabins were set on tall wheels. While the bather was inside changing, a horse pulled the machine into the ocean. When the water was high enough, the horse was taken ashore. The bather could then
28、step down from the cabin and into the sea. Few people ashore saw anything but a head bobbing in the surf.H) Many beaches had separate swim times for men and women. Colored flags were posted to let them know when it was their turn to be in the water.When bloomers bloomedI) Until 1860, men and boys in
29、 England often swam naked in lakes, rivers and seas. When the practice was banned, swimming in ones underwear became popular. Striped shirts and shorts were the rage for men in the 1870s. Flannel replaced wool and linen as the most popular material for bathing suits. It was thought to be warmer when
30、 swimming in the cold sea.J) Women, meanwhile, were shifting to bloomersa long skirt worn over loose pants. The skirts hem was about three inches above the ankle, which was pretty shocking back then. Gloves, a belt, a cap and rubber shoes completed the outfit.K) As swimming grew more popular among E
31、uropean women, they traded in their skirts for a less bulky trousers-and-blouse swim garment. American women found that look too manly and kept their skirts for decades more. They also wore toe-length cloaks over their wet suits when crossing the beach.Today: sleeker, baggierL) When they began shari
32、ng the beach with men at the turn of the 20th century, American women wanted more stylish swim attire. And with swimming now an acceptable activity, they wanted their suits to be more functional. So sleeves were shortened, then done away with. Necklines were lowered. Colored braid, ribbons and bows
33、were added. A one-piece “princess“ suit, with a separate skirt, was a big hit, as were matching mother-daughter suits.M) Mens suits were changing, too, but not always for the better. The first modern swim trunks actually made swimming more difficult because they weighed nine pounds when wet and coul
34、d slip off! Form-fitting suits came along in the 1930s. Swimsuits got smaller. Men removed their tops in 1937. Bikinis followed nine years later. With the arrival of new fabrics such as spandex and lycra, womens and girls suits got sleeker. Mens and boys trunks, meanwhile, got baggier.Suits made for
35、 speedN) Timing is everything in competitive swimming. One one-hundredth of a second can decide who wins a medal at a meet. So swimmers are always looking for ways to cut a sliver off their racing times.O) In the 1990s, swimsuit makers had a bold new idea: high-tech bodysuits. U. S. space engineers
36、even helped with the design and testing of some of these suits. They were made of lighter materials such as plastic and rubber, which soaked up less water than woven materials. Some bodysuits had no stitching, which also reduced the waters “drag“. And their skintight fit kept muscles from tiring as
37、quickly.P) As a result, swimmers went faster. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, more than 90 percent of all swim medals were won by athletes wearing Speedos new LZR Racer bodysuit. Baltimores Michael Phelps, who won eight gold medals at those Games, said his LZR suit made him “ feel like a rocket“ in the
38、 pool.Q) Not everyone was happy with the performance-enhancing suits. Many people felt they favored scientific advances over a swimmers natural abilities. In 2010, the sports top officials banned full-length suits from major swim events. They put limits on the thickness and type of materials used in
39、 suits, as well as their length. But that hasnt stopped researchers. They are now working on new types of goggles and swim caps.（分数：20.00）(1).The advanced high technology designs a swimsuit that can relieve muscle fatigue.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).The lighter materials of swimsuit helped athletes won much
40、 gold medals.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Men and women have separate swim times in some beaches, and they cannot swim at the same time.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).It is not appropriate to show your naked body, so people need to wear more in order to cover themselves.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).There was a time when bathing
41、 and swimming became less popular, because people thought that public bathing and swimming helped spread the diseases.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).The first modern swimsuits are very heavy when they are wet, which makes swimming become more difficult.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).Flannel becomes the most popular mater
42、ial for making the swimsuits.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).Women wanted more fashionable swim garment when they began to share the beach with men.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(9).Some bodysuits had no seaming, which helps to prevent the resistance of water.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).In ancient time, men swam in order to be a wa
43、rrior, and some people swam with naked body.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.Section C_According to two recent research papers, sugar is toxic enough to kill mice and is the drug of choice for laboratory rats, which prefer it to cocaine. Now it has been called “ the most dangerous drug of this time“ by Paul van d
44、er Velpent, head of Amsterdams health service. Velpent called for government restrictions on sugar in food and a ban on soft drinks in schools. An anti-sugar movement is emerging. Endocrinologist Dr Robert Lustigs lecture, Sugar: The Bitter Truth, has picked up four million views on YouTube. The lat
45、est National Diet and Nutrition Survey shows all age groups exceeded the recommended 11% of energy coming from sugars added to foods. For children aged between 11 and 18 the mean intake was 15. 3%. Since the survey is self-reported it is likely that most people underestimate their intake. Why are we eating more? We like sugar and manufacturers have made some foods sweeter. An analysis found that Hovis wholemeal bread had doubled in sugar content between 1978 and 2013. A meta-analysis paper (that combines the results of studies
