1、专业英语八级翻译-汉译英(二)及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BCHINESE TO ENGL(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.华裔电脑名人王安博士说，影响他一生的事发生在他6岁之时。 U一天他外出玩耍，经过一棵大树时，突然有一个鸟巢掉在他的头上，里面滚出一只嗷嗷待哺的小麻雀。他决定把它带回去喂养，连同鸟巢一起带回了家，走到家门口，突然相起妈妈不允许他在家里养小动物。他轻轻地把小麻雀放在门后，急忙走进屋去请求妈妈，在他的哀求下妈妈破例答应了儿子。王安兴奋地跑到门后，不料小麻雀已经不见了，一只黑猫在意犹未
2、尽地擦拭着嘴巴。王安为此伤心了很久。从此，他记取了一个很大的教训，只要是自己认定的事情，决不可优柔寡断。犹豫不决固然可以免去一些做错事的机会，但也失去了成功的机遇/U。（分数：20.00）_2.我理所应当地是不能成为大作家的，因为我对文学不够虔诚。当作家，有的人是纯粹的一种热爱，有的人则是把文学当成了敲门砖。U我属于后者。也就是说有的人天生是当作家的料，有的人却是因为生活上的原因所迫/U U我常常说，我不佩服那些在艰苦的环境中能奋斗的人，而佩服那些在安逸富足的条件下还能保持奋斗的人。苦难当然会逼迫人去奋斗，这是一种强大的动力。而有些人在优裕生活中能不去玩乐享受，而能够苦苦地在写作，在我觉得他们
3、的毅力简直不可思议/U。（分数：20.00）_3.现在，我国的红楼梦研究，可以说是百花烂漫，盛况空前。“中国艺术研究院”设立了“红楼梦研究所”，从事这部伟大小说及其作者的专门研究。目前，已经完成了红楼梦新校本的校注和其他若干研究项目。此外，全国各研究机关和大专院校，也都拥有不少从事“红学”研究的专业和业余人员。他们对红楼梦的思想、艺术、版本以及作家的生平、家世等方面进行了研究，并出版了不少研究成果。为了便于研究成果的交流，两年来，出了两种“红学”研究的专门刊物：红楼梦研究学刊和红楼梦研究集刊。1980年7月，在哈尔滨还召开了全国红楼梦讨论会。这部伟大小说的研究，正在向更加深入的方向发展。（分数
4、：20.00）_4.U范仲淹少年时代非常刻苦，常常一人彻夜伴灯苦读。清贫的生活并没有动摇他矢志求学的决心，他在书本中寻找生活的乐趣。为了见更大的世面，向名师求教，和饱学之士交友，他23岁时来到宋代著名的四大书院之一应天府书院。范仲淹在这里向名师请教，和许多同学相互切磋，大量地阅读了书院丰富的藏书，顿觉眼界大开。这一时期的学习生活为他以后成为一个精通儒家经典、博学多才又擅长诗文的学者奠定了基础/U。 范仲淹一生道德文章，名闻天下。士大夫以不受他指点为耻。大街小巷以至外邦，人人都知道他的名字。著名文学家苏东坡对范仲淹十分景慕，视平生未曾从学为终身憾事。（分数：20.00）_5.中美都拥有辽阔的国土
5、，都是多个民族并存、多种文化融合的国家，都生活着勤劳智慧的人民。中美因不同的历史背景和现实国情而存在着差异，这有利于我们相互借鉴，取长补短。中美加强合作，符合两国和两国人民的根本利益，对世界的和平与发展也具有重大影响。 200多年来，浩瀚的太平洋并未阻断中美两国人民的交流合作，中美两国人民相互学习，谱写了世界不同文明相互借鉴的美好篇章。自1979年中美建交27年来，两国关系曾历经曲折，但总体上保持了稳定发展的大方向，给两国和两国人民带来了巨大利益。（分数：20.00）_专业英语八级翻译-汉译英(二)答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0
6、，分数：0.00)二、BCHINESE TO ENGL(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.华裔电脑名人王安博士说，影响他一生的事发生在他6岁之时。 U一天他外出玩耍，经过一棵大树时，突然有一个鸟巢掉在他的头上，里面滚出一只嗷嗷待哺的小麻雀。他决定把它带回去喂养，连同鸟巢一起带回了家，走到家门口，突然相起妈妈不允许他在家里养小动物。他轻轻地把小麻雀放在门后，急忙走进屋去请求妈妈，在他的哀求下妈妈破例答应了儿子。王安兴奋地跑到门后，不料小麻雀已经不见了，一只黑猫在意犹未尽地擦拭着嘴巴。王安为此伤心了很久。从此，他记取了一个很大的教训，只要是自己认定的事情，决不可优柔寡断。犹豫不决固然可以免去一些
7、做错事的机会，但也失去了成功的机遇/U。（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Dr. An Wang, a well-known Chinese American computer entrepreneur, once remarked that an incident that had a lifetime influence on him occurred when he was six. UOne day, he ran outside to play. As he walked past a large tree from underneath, a bird nest fell on h
8、is head and out fluttered a baby sparrow crying piteously for food. He decided to keep the poor creature at home and took it along with its nest. He was about to enter the house when he remembered that his mother would not allow him to keep any pets. Gently, he placed the little sparrow behind the d
9、oor and hurried in to seek approval from his mother, who finally bent the rule upon her sons pleas. Overjoyed, he ran back to the door, only to find the bird disappeared and a black cat rubbing its mouth with its paws after a delicious meal. This incident had saddened Wang for a long time. An import
10、ant lesson he learned from it was: never hesitate over what one believes to be the right thing to do; indecision may allow one to avoid certain mistakes, but it may also deprive one of the opportunity to succeed/U.)解析：解析 电脑名人：根据语境将其具体化为“well-known computer entrepreneur”。 外出：原文中的“外出”是一个比较笼统的讲法，考虑到作者当
11、时只有6岁，故译为“ran outside”。 里面滚出一只嗷嗷待哺的麻雀：联系前文，说明“我”对鸟巢掉在头上一点准备都没有，句式上采用倒装，突出小鸟“滚出”之快。“嗷嗷待哺”用“crying piteously for food”译出，“piteously”一词既使得“嗷嗷待哺”语义更加丰满，又起到承上启下的作用，为“我”做出下一步决定埋下伏笔。 养小动物：“养小动物”就是“养宠物”，译为“raise/keep any pets”。 在他的哀求下妈妈破例答应了儿子：“破例”表示“打破常例”，可译为“break a rule”，“make an exception”，“bend a rule”
12、等。故整句译为“who finally bent the rule upon her sons pleas”。 不料：英语常用“only to do something”，表示“随即发生的事情出乎意料”。 意犹未尽地：指猫吃了麻雀之后，还想吃，考生可以将隐性转换为显性。译为“a black cat rubbing its mouth with its paws after a delicious meal”。 王安为此伤心了很久：原文的主语是“王安”，翻译时可以转换视角，用“事件”作主语。译为：“This incident had saddened Wang for a long time.”
13、。 从此：“此”指代“这件事”，而非“since then”。理解正确是翻译顺畅的保证。2.我理所应当地是不能成为大作家的，因为我对文学不够虔诚。当作家，有的人是纯粹的一种热爱，有的人则是把文学当成了敲门砖。U我属于后者。也就是说有的人天生是当作家的料，有的人却是因为生活上的原因所迫/U U我常常说，我不佩服那些在艰苦的环境中能奋斗的人，而佩服那些在安逸富足的条件下还能保持奋斗的人。苦难当然会逼迫人去奋斗，这是一种强大的动力。而有些人在优裕生活中能不去玩乐享受，而能够苦苦地在写作，在我觉得他们的毅力简直不可思议/U。（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(译文一 Its quite logical
14、that I can never be a great writer, for Im not devoted enough to literature. Some people choose to be a writer merely out of a passion for literature. Some, however, consider literature as a stepping-stone to success. UI belong to the latter. I mean, some people are made for writing; some are forced
15、 to take to letters for one reason or another./U UI often say that I dont admire those who struggle in a tight corner, but those who keep forging ahead even in comfort and wealth. Hardship, of course, is a powerful motive, impelling people to spare no effort in their undertakings. Some people, howev
16、er, though living a well-off life, dont indulge in pleasure-seeking, but are engaged in the painstaking efforts of writing. Their will, to me, is incredible/U. 译文二 Undoubtedly, I shall never be a great writer, for I am no sincere man of letters. Some people take writing as a job purely for passions
17、sake; others use it as a means to pursue fame and gain. UI belong to the latter. In other words, some people are born writers, while others are compelled to write for a living./U UI often say that I admire those people who work perseveringly even when leading an easy and comfortable life, rather tha
18、n those who work for a better living under hard and stern circumstances. Misfortunes, as a great power, can naturally drive one to struggle for a better life. However, there are also people who give up the enjoyment of a well-off life and devote themselves whole-heartedly to writing. Their persevera
19、nce, to me, is almost incredible/U. 译文三 I am absolutely certain that, for lack of devotion towards literature, I will never amount to a great writer. Some people choose to be a writer out of love, and others regard literature as a stepping-stone to successthat is to say, some people are born writers
20、, while others write stories for a living. UI definitely belong to the latter group./U UI often say I have no admiration for those who exert themselves in difficult circumstances, but I admire those who continue to work hard after they have become well off. Adversity drives people to work hard, for
21、it is a great motive force in itself. There are people who live in comfort and choose not to enjoy themselves but rather to labour over creative writing To me their resolve is almost incomprehensible/U.)解析：解析 虔诚：“虔诚”除了可以译成“devoted”之外，还可以翻译成“pious”或者“devout”，“sincere”等。 敲门砖：“敲门砖”是个比喻，可以根据其意义翻译成“stepp
22、ing stone”。3.现在，我国的红楼梦研究，可以说是百花烂漫，盛况空前。“中国艺术研究院”设立了“红楼梦研究所”，从事这部伟大小说及其作者的专门研究。目前，已经完成了红楼梦新校本的校注和其他若干研究项目。此外，全国各研究机关和大专院校，也都拥有不少从事“红学”研究的专业和业余人员。他们对红楼梦的思想、艺术、版本以及作家的生平、家世等方面进行了研究，并出版了不少研究成果。为了便于研究成果的交流，两年来，出了两种“红学”研究的专门刊物：红楼梦研究学刊和红楼梦研究集刊。1980年7月，在哈尔滨还召开了全国红楼梦讨论会。这部伟大小说的研究，正在向更加深入的方向发展。（分数：20.00）_正确答案
23、：(A wide range of research on A Dream of Red Mansions is currently being conducted in China. The Dream of Red Mansions Research Institute, devoted solely to work on the novel, has been established at the Chinese Academy of Arts. At the Institute textual notes for a new edition have recently been com
24、pleted and several associated research projects are underway. In many institutions of higher education throughout China scholars, professional and amateur, are engaged in studying various aspects of the novel. In the last two years much research information has been exchanged in two new periodicalsS
25、tudies on a Dream of Red Mansions and Studies on a Dream of Red Mansions. In addition, a national symposium to discuss current research was held in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province in July 1980.)解析：解析 百花烂漫，盛况空前：如字对字译为：“Now, we may say as well that the researches on the novel A Dream of Red Mansions in
26、our country are exceptionally flourishing.”。似乎有些夸饰，反而没有忠实地译出原文信息。 全国各研究机关和大专院校：合译为“in many institutions of higher education throughout China”。 他们并出版了不少研究成果：对原文亦步亦趋的话，可以译为：“They work hard at researching into the ideology, art, edition as well as the life and genealogy of the author of this outstandin
27、g novel, publishing a lot of their scientific results.”。但似乎对译文读者而言，信息过多反而丧失了阅读的兴趣，不妨与前一句合译。 这部伟大小说的研究，正在向更加深入的方向发展：这一句杨宪益先生又选择省略不译，因为译出容易造成意思重复和表达累赘。4.U范仲淹少年时代非常刻苦，常常一人彻夜伴灯苦读。清贫的生活并没有动摇他矢志求学的决心，他在书本中寻找生活的乐趣。为了见更大的世面，向名师求教，和饱学之士交友，他23岁时来到宋代著名的四大书院之一应天府书院。范仲淹在这里向名师请教，和许多同学相互切磋，大量地阅读了书院丰富的藏书，顿觉眼界大开。这一时
28、期的学习生活为他以后成为一个精通儒家经典、博学多才又擅长诗文的学者奠定了基础/U。 范仲淹一生道德文章，名闻天下。士大夫以不受他指点为耻。大街小巷以至外邦，人人都知道他的名字。著名文学家苏东坡对范仲淹十分景慕，视平生未曾从学为终身憾事。（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(UHe was born in a poor family, but the restraint of life did not blunt his will to learn. In his childhood he was very diligent in reading. He would read all night t
29、hrough, trying to discover the meaning of life in books. Urged by his desire to go and see the rest of the world and study with learned scholars, at the age of twenty-three he went to Yingtianfu Academy, one of the four famous academies of the Song Dynasty, where he worked with established scholars
30、and exchanged ideas with his fellow students. He had read a large portion of the Academys collection, as a result of which he greatly extended his breadth of vision. His student life at the Academy paved the road along which he eventually became an erudite scholar. He was not only expert on the clas
31、sics of Confucianism but also well versed in the craft of poetry and prose writing/U. Throughout the country Fan Zhongyan was well-known for his moral integrity. He was so popular that his name was familiar to the people in grass-root neighborhoods and even to the people in neighboring states. Schol
32、ars took it as a shame when they failed to study under his supervision. The great poet of the Song Dynasty Su Dongpo admired Fan Zhongyan very much but, all of his life, he had regretted not having the honor of being a student of his.)解析：解析 清贫的生活：译为“the restraint of life”，对原文的把握非常到位，与“did not blunt
33、his will to learn”相呼应。 生活的乐趣：对于读书之人“生活的乐趣”即“生活的意义”，故译为“the meaning of life”。 为了见更大的世面：“见世面”即“看看外面的世界”，这部分译为“Urged by his desire to go and see the rest of the world”。 大量地阅读了书院丰富的藏书：“大量地阅读”指“阅读了书院藏书的很大一部分”，译为“He had read a large portion of the Academys collection.”。 眼界大开：指“视野更加开阔”，译为“he greatly extend
34、ed his breadth of vision”。 范仲淹一生道德文章，名闻天下：指“范仲淹为人正直，因而名闻天下”，译为“Throughout the country Fan Zhongyan was well-known for his moral integrity.”。 大街小巷以至外邦，人人都知道他的名字：“大街小巷”指“平民老百姓都知道他的名字”，故译为“his name was familiar to the people in grass-root neighborhoods”。 著名文学家苏东坡：苏东坡是宋朝著名的诗人，译为“The great poet of the So
35、ng Dynasty Su Dongpo”。5.中美都拥有辽阔的国土，都是多个民族并存、多种文化融合的国家，都生活着勤劳智慧的人民。中美因不同的历史背景和现实国情而存在着差异，这有利于我们相互借鉴，取长补短。中美加强合作，符合两国和两国人民的根本利益，对世界的和平与发展也具有重大影响。 200多年来，浩瀚的太平洋并未阻断中美两国人民的交流合作，中美两国人民相互学习，谱写了世界不同文明相互借鉴的美好篇章。自1979年中美建交27年来，两国关系曾历经曲折，但总体上保持了稳定发展的大方向，给两国和两国人民带来了巨大利益。（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(China and the United St
36、ates are both countries of vast territory where many ethnic groups coexist and different cultures intermingle. Both our two peoples are hard-working and talented. Due to different historical backgrounds and national conditions, there are differences between China and the United States. But this enab
37、les us to learn from each other and draw on each others strengths. Closer China-U.S. cooperation serves the fundamental interests of our two countries and peoples and is also of far-reaching significance for peace and development of the whole world. Vast as it is, the Pacific Ocean has not stood in
38、the way of exchanges and cooperation between our two peoples over the past two hundred years, and many moving episodes of mutual learning between our two peoples who represent different civilizations have been recorded. In the 27 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1979, China-U
39、.S. relations have maintained steady momentum of growth despite twists and turns on the way, bringing tremendous benefits to both countries and peoples.)解析：解析 拥有辽阔的国土：be countries of vast territory，这里的“国土”在指代一个国家的区域时，侧重讲的是“版图，领土”，故使用territory一词；“幅员辽阔”可以译为“with a large territory”，例如，“中国地处东亚，幅员辽阔，人口众多
40、，历史悠久。”译为“China is an East Asian country with a large territory, a huge population and a long history.”。 多个民族并存：many ethnic groups coexist, coexist意为“exist together without fighting(和平共处)”，这个单词属于政治类翻译的高频词汇。例如，“中美两国会有不同的观点，但我们必须长期共存，有不同意见应求同存异，应不断努力扩大我们的共同点。”译为“China and the United States may have di
41、fferent views. But, we must coexist permanently, seek common ground while reserving differences, and make unremitting efforts to expand our common grounds.”。 多种文化融合：different cultures intermingle, intermingle通常与with搭配使用，例如，“This book intermingled fact with fiction.(这本书事实和虚构情节交织。)”。 勤劳智慧的：hard-workin
42、g and talented，“勤劳的”还可译为“industrious”，其名词形式为industry,例如，“Industry keeps bright the key that opens the treasury of achievement.(勤奋使开启成功宝库的钥匙保持光亮。)”。 因不同的历史背景和现实国情：due to different historical backgrounds and national conditions，“现实国情”译为“national conditions”，为政治常用术语，平时要多积累相关例句。例如，“Under Chinas current
43、national conditions, it is an extremely arduous task to run the largest education provision in the world.(在中国的现实国情条件下，要办好世界上最大规模的教育，任务是十分艰巨的。)”。 有利于：在文中意为“使能够”，故译为“enables us to”。 相互借鉴，取长补短：learn from each other and draw on each others strengths，“取长补短”为固定译法，译为“draw on each others strengths”。 中美加强合作：
44、转化理解为“更密切的中美关系”，故译为“closer China-U.S. cooperation”。 符合的根本利益：serves the fundamental interests of.，“符合的利益”为固定译法“serve the interests of.”，例如，“The economy should be organized to serve the interests of all the people.(经济活动应当以维护人民利益为前提。)”。 对具有重大影响：be of far-reaching significance for.，“对有影响”还可译为固定词组“have.i
45、mplications for”，如果是“对产生不利的影响”，译为“take a heavy toll on”。 阻断两国人民的交流合作：stood in the way of exchanges and cooperation between.。 谱写了的美好篇章：意为“许多美好的篇章被记录下来”，“many moving episodes of.have been recorded”，episodes可表示“一个事件；(剧本等的)插曲，片断，一集；篇章”。 历经曲折：意为“前进的路上充满了荆棘和曲折”，故译为“twists and turns on the way”。 保持稳定发展的大方向：maintained steady momentum of growth。 给带来了巨大利益：bringing tremendous benefits to.。
