1、2013-2014学年辽宁省东北育才双语学校高三上模拟（一）英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 Urbanization Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago 【小题 1】 . In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的 )
2、 villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history- a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living. Britain was only the beginning. 【小题 2】 .The process of urbanization- the migration (迁移 ) of people from th
3、e countryside to the city- was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live. In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 【小题 3】 . Large cities were impossible un
4、til agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies. It took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities. _ 【小题 4】 . Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英 ) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served the
5、m. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city. Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country 【小
6、题 5】 _ Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers. A That kept cities very small. B The rest live in small towns. C The effects of urban living on people should be considered. D Soon many other industria
7、l nations become urban societies. E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities. F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive. G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings. 答案： 【小题 1】 E 【小题 2】 D 【小题 3】 B 【小题 4】 A 【
8、小题 5】 F 试题分析 : 本文以城市化为中心，讲述了城市由过去规模小，农民人口多，到后来现代化之后，城市规模逐渐变大，农民人口逐渐减少的现象，反应了社会的变迁。在过去的两个世纪中工业革命打破了城市和乡村的平衡，现在一个美国的农民就能够供给一百个非农业人口的粮食。 【小题 1】 E考查对语境的理解和上下文的推理判断能力。根据前句 “The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago”和后句 nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的 ) villages
9、.可知此处讲的是以前城市的情况，纵观选项只有 E选项内容涉及到了过去的城市情况，内容符合语境，选 E。 【小题 2】 D考查对语境的理解和上下文的推理判断能力。根据前一句的“ Britain was only the beginning”可以判断后面要讲述逐渐的一种变化，英国只是个开始，因此 D选项内容 Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.可以承接上文，选 D。 句意：英国只是个开始，很快，其他工业国家也变成了城市化社会。 【小题 3】 B考查对语境的理解和上下文的推理判断能力。根据前一句的“Today, over
10、 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms”可知目前超过 82%的美国人住在城市，只有 2%的人住在农场，由此可以推断下一句应该介绍其余人们的情况，而 B选项中 the rest恰好对此做出了补充，因此 选 B。句意：其余的人住在城镇里。 【小题 4】 A考查对语境的理解和上下文的推理判断能力。根据前一句的 ”It took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities”可知要有 95个人在农场里工作，才能养活 5 个城市里的人，由此
11、推断城市里居住的人肯定要少，规模肯定很小，选 A。句意：这种原因导致了城市规模很小。 【小题 5】 F考查对语境的理解和上下文的推理判断能力。根据后面的 “ Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers”可知，现在一个美国人在农场里工作，可以养活 100多个非农美国人，因此现代化让农民更加多产，让更多的人可以居住在城市里，选 F。 考点：考查信息匹配 单项选择 *
12、 We all hold _ belief that those who have _ wonderful sense of humor are more popular. A the; a B /; / C the; / D a; the 答案： A 试题分析 : 句意：我们都持有这种看法：那些有幽默感的人们更受欢迎。固定短语： a sense of humor “幽默感 ”从内容可知 belief后是同位语从句，说明 belief的内容，应该用定冠词 the表示特指，选 A。 考点：考查冠词用法 I have to go and get the clothes from the laund
13、ry. _ ？ I can pick them up on my way home this afternoon. A So what B How come C Why bother D Why not 答案： C 试题分析 : 句意： -我必须去洗衣房取衣服。 -干吗费事呢？我今天下午在回家的路上可以把衣服取回来。 A那又怎样？ B怎么会这样呢？ C没必要 D为什么不呢。根据语境选 C。 考点：考查情景交际 Help me out in the kitchen and I _ you to some western-style food. A treat B was treating C w
14、ill treat D have treated 答案： C 试题分析 : 句意：来厨房里帮帮我，我将招待你吃西式饭菜。固定句型：祈使句，and /or +将来时的句子，故答案：选 C。 考点：考查动词时态 _ for children, the album became popular with parents _ it came out. A Designed; when B Designed; immediately C To design; as soon as D Designing; as 答案： B 试题分析 : 句意：这个唱片是为儿童们设计的，它一发行就受到了家长的欢迎。固定短
15、语： be designed for“为 . 设计的 ”该类短语做定语或者状语时，去掉 be动词，排除 C， D选项。 Immediately引导时间状语从句意思是 “一 . 就 ”，when “当 时候 ”，根据语境可知 immediately为最佳选项，选 B。 考点：考查连词辨析和非谓语动词 I admire my English teacher. I can remember very few occasions _ she stopped working because of ill health. A that B when C where D which 答案： B 试题分析 :
16、 句意：我非常佩服我的英语老师。我记得很少她因为健康状况差而不工作的时候。 Occasion后面是定语从句，从句是主谓宾结构，缺少状语，而occasion是表示时间的名词，故应该用 when，选 B。 考点：考查定语从句 Did you know more about the mine accident Oh ， sorry， I had no idea. I _ the Rescue Center now. A will be phoning B am to phone C will phone D phone 答案： C 试题分析 : 句意： -你对矿难事件了解的更多吗？ -抱歉，我不知道
17、。我现在就去给救护中心打电话。根据语境可知说话人是马上要去打电话，用将来时，选C。 考点：考查动词时态 _ you inte rrupt now Cant you see Im on the phone Sorry Sir, but its urgent. A Can B Should C Would D Must 答案： D 试题分析 : 句意； -你非得现在打断我吗？你没看到我在打电话吗？ -对不起，先生，这事很紧急。 A能够； B应该； C将要； D必须，非得，偏偏。根据语境可知说话人对别人的打扰很不耐烦，选 D。 考点：考查情态动词 As is reported, it will be
18、 more than 20 years _ humans are able to walk on Mars. A before B when C since D after 答案： A 试题分析 : 句意：据报道，还要 20年的时间人类才能够在火星上行走。 A在之前； B当 . 时候； C自从； D在之后。固定句型： It will be +时间段 +before“还要多久才 ”，选 A。 考点：考查连词辨析 Be careful that a good name of a product doesnt _ mean good quality of it. A alternatively B
19、approximately C obviously D necessarily 答案： D 试题分析 : 句意：人们要注意产品的好名字未必意味着好的质量。 A可选择地；B大约地； C明显地； D必要地。 Not necessarily“不一定，未必 ”，根据句意选D。 考点：考查副词辨析 The supermarket rules state that no goods _ be taken out of the supermarket, _ paid for by the shopper. A must; once B should; when C can; if D shall; unle
20、ss 答案： D 试题分析 :句意：超市条例规定物品不允许带出超市除非购买者已经付款。 A必须，一旦； B应该，当 . 时候； C能够，如果； D将，除非。根据法律条文，规章制度规定的内容需要用 shall表示，选 D。 考点：考查情态动词和连词辨析 As usual, the 2013 Spring Festival Gala _ on New Years Eve, which attracted almost all the Chinese. A took up B took in C took over D took place 答案： D 试题分析 : 句意：像往常一样， 2013年春
21、节联欢晚会在除夕夜举行，吸引了几乎所有的中国人。 A从事，继续，占时间； B欺骗，吸收； C接管； D发生。根据句意选 D。 考点：考查动词短语辨析 Our government _ much importance to education now, which enables so many people to be well educated. A attaches B pays C links D applies 答案： A 试题分析 : 句意：现在我们的政府非常重视教育，这使许多人都能够接受更好的教育。 A附加，系； B支付； C联系； D申请。固定短语： attach importa
22、nce to “认为 重要 ”，选 A. 考点：考查动词辨析 I left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no _ of what I wanted to do. A sense B difference C hope D chance 答案： A 试题分析 : 句意：我大学毕业时以优秀的成绩获得英语文学的学位，但是不知道自己要做什么。 A感觉，意识； B区别； C希望； D机会。根据句意选 A。 考点：考查名词辨析 At no time _the rules of the game. It was unfai
23、r to punish them. A they actually broke B do they actually break C did they actually break D they had actually broken 答案： C 试题分析 : 句意：他们绝不会违反比赛的规定。惩罚他们是不公平的。 At no time “绝不 ”，在英语中含有否定词的短语位于句首时句子用部分倒装语序，比如 in no case等。根据后句中的 was可知应该用一般过去时态，选 C。 考点：考查倒装句 She likes walking best because there is _ like
24、walking as a means of keeping fit. A something B anything C nothing D everything 答案： C 试题分析 : 句意：她最喜欢散步，因为作为一种保持健康的方式没有什么像散步一样好的了。 A一些； B一些，任何事物； C没什么； D一切事物。固定短语：nothing like“没有什么能比得上；一点也不象 ”，选 C。 考点：考查代词用法 完型填空 He was driving home one cold evening on a country road when he saw an old lady, strande
25、d on the side of the road. He stopped to give her a _. “Why dont you wait in the car where it is warm, Madam It wont take me long.” He said, “_， my name is Joe.” She had a flat tire. Joe crawled under the car and changed the tire. But he got dirty and his hands hurt. She couldnt thank him _ and aske
26、d him how much she _ him. He told her that if she really wanted to _ him back, the next time she saw someone in _ of help, she could give that person the _ he needed, and Joe added, “And think of me.” She drove off with gratefulness. A few miles _ the road the lady saw a small _. She went in. The wa
27、itress who was nearly eight months pregnant, _ her with a sweet smile. The old lady _ how someone like her who seemed so poor could be so genuinely happy and how she could _ her enthusiasm in her work in such inconvenient conditions. Then Joes words _ her. After the lady finished her meal, the waitr
28、ess went to get her _ from a hundred-dollar bill. _， the lady stepped right out of the door. When the waitress came back, she noticed a note on the table, _ “Im helping you because someone once helped me. If you really want to pay me back, here is _ you can doDo not let the chain of love _ with you.
29、” The waitress went home that night with the _ tip and what the lady had written. With the baby _ next month, she and her husband needed money. She knew how worried her husband was and as he lay sleeping next to her, she whispered, “Everythings going to be all right. I love you, Joe.” 【小题1】 A surpri
30、se B hand C sympathy D glance A Just in case B As you wish C For one thing D By the way A enough B right C straight D extra A charged B provided C owed D offered A pay B bring C put D hold A honor B favor C need D possession A guidance B assistance C acquaintance D consequence A down B off C beside
31、D beyond A bank B grocery C gas station D restaurant A introduced B greeted C identified D spotted A thought B suspected C wondered D questioned A taste B measure C remain D maintain A struck B moved C obtained D reminded A tip B change C order D service A Moreover B Otherwise C However D Eventually
32、 A writing B showing C going D saying A how B which C what D whether A combine B end C disagree D deal A honest B generous C modest D graceful A due B ready C born D likely 答案： 【小题 1】 B 【小题 2】 D 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 C 【小题 5】 A 【小题 6】 C 【小题 7】 B 【小题 8】 A 【小题 9】 D 【小题 10】 B 【小题 11】 C 【小题 12】 D 【小题 13】 A 【小
33、题 14】 B 【小题 15】 C 【小题 16】 D 【小题 17】 C 【小题 18】 B 【小题 19】 B 【小题 20】 A 试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了乔在开车回家的路上，帮助了一位老太太，当老太太给他钱的时候，他不求回报，只是希望她也去帮助那些需要帮助的人。之后，当老太太在餐馆吃饭时，没有要找回的零钱，帮助了怀孕 8个月的女服务员，而且也希望她能够把爱心传递下去。 【小题 1】 B 考查名词辨析。 A.surprise 惊讶； B hand 手； C sympathy同情； D glance瞥视。从上文可知那位老太太的车坏在路边，乔给老太太换轮胎 (She had a fl
34、at tire. Joe crawled under the car and changed the tire)看出乔停下来帮忙，固定搭配： give sb a hand帮某人忙，选 B。 【小题 2】 D 考查短语辨析。 A just in case“万一 ”； B as you wish“如你所愿 ”； C for one thing“一方面 ”； D by the way“顺便说一下 ”。根据情景可知答案：选 D，其他不符合语境。 【小题 3】 A 考查形容词辨析。 A.enough 充足； B right正确的； C straight 直的； D extra 额外的。从情理可知乔给老太
35、太换轮胎，弄得很脏，手还受伤了，所以老太太十分感激他。 couldnt thank him enough“再怎么感谢他也不过分 ”。 【小题 4】 C 考查动词辨析。 A. charged收费； B provided 提供； C owed 欠，归功于； D offered 主动提供。从上文可知乔帮助老太太 换轮胎，所以老太太应该是问他应该付给他多少钱，也就是欠他多少钱。不是索取，也不是提供，选 C。 【小题 5】 A 考查动词辨析。 A pay sb back还给 钱，偿还，报答。 B bring带来； C put放； D hold控制，保留。根据语境可知选 A。句意：乔是说要是真的想报答他
36、。 【小题 6】 C 考查名词辨析。 A.honor 荣誉，光荣； B favor 帮忙； C need 需要； D possession财产。固定短语： in honor of为纪念 ； in favor of赞同； in possession of拥有， in need of 需要，根据故事内容可知乔和老太太都是帮助了需要帮助的人，选 C。句意：下次你看见需要 (in need of)帮忙的人，就帮助他。 【小题 7】 B 考查名词辨析。 A guidance指导； B assistance帮助； C acquaintance熟人，相识； D consequence结果。根据前句中出现的
37、help可知此处是说给那些需要帮助的人提供帮助 (assistance)。 【小题 8】 A考查介词辨析。 A down在 . 下； B off远离，离开； C beside在 旁边； D beyond超过，那一边。老太太的车修好之后就上路继续行驶，应该是沿着公路又行驶了几英里。其他不符合语境，选 A。 【小题 9】 D 考查名词辨析。 A.bank 银行； B grocery杂货店； C gas station 加油站； D restaurant饭店。从下文的 The waitress看出，是餐馆(restaurant) ，选 D。 【小题 10】 B 考查动词辨析。 A introduce
38、介绍； B greeted 问候，迎接； C identify识别； D spot认出。从情理可知服务 员见到顾客要微笑着迎上前去，greet sb with sth“用 . 来迎接、问候某人 ”。句意：那个怀孕的女服务员面带微笑向老太太问候。 【小题 11】 C 考查动词辨析。 A。 think想，认为； B suspect怀疑； C wonder想知道； D question质问。老太太看到这个服务员已怀孕接近八个月，还在这里做服务员的工作，虽然贫穷却很快乐，是想知道个究竟，选 C。 【小题 12】 D 考查动词辨析。这个服务员在怀孕的情况下，在工作中还保持那份热情。 A taste“尝，
39、体验 ”； B measure“测量 ”； Cremain“保持 ”，是不及物动词，跟形容词作表语； D maintain“保持 ”为及物动词，可跟名词作宾语。 【小题 13】 A 考查动词辨析。 A strike打动； B move感动； C obtain获得；D remind提醒。语境为：乔说的话触动 (strike)着她。 Move一般用于被动句中，表示某人被感动了，选 A。 【小题 14】 B 语境题。 A tip小费； B change零钱； C order命令； D service服务。从下文的 from a hundred- dollar bill看应该是找回零钱 。 【小题 1
40、5】 C 考查副词辨析。 A moreover而且； B otherwise否则； C however然而； eventually最终。从下文的 the lady stepped right out of the door看出，这里是表示转折的关系。句意：在服务员找零钱的时候，老太太已经走出了门。 【小题 16】 D 考查动词辨析。 writing写； B showing展示； C going 去；D saying 说，显示。这里说的是纸条上的内容，所以选 saying，意思是： “写着 ”。而 write的主 语应该是人。选 D。 【小题 17】 C 考查疑问词辨析。 A. how 如何，怎
41、样； B which哪个，哪些； C what 什么； D whether是否。在句中 what引导表语从句，在从句中作 do的宾语。句意：这就是你能做的。 【小题 18】 B 考查动词辨析。 A combine联合； B end使结束； C disagree不同意； D deal处理。从故事可知乔希望老太太把爱心帮助传递下去，而老太太的确这样做了，而且她还希望这种爱心要一直传递下去。句意：别让这爱心之链在你这里结束 (end )了。 【小题 19】 B 考查形容词。 A honest诚实的； B generous慷慨的，大方的； C modest谦虚的； D graceful优雅的。根据搭配
42、可知选 B。句意：那个孕妇拿着慷慨解囊 (generous)的小费，这个小费是老太太没有要的找回的钱。 【小题 20】 A 考查形容词。 A due到期的； B ready准备好的； C born天生的； D likely有可能的。从上文可知这名妇女是位孕妇，所以是下个月到预产期，根据语境选 A。 考点：考查故事类短文阅读 阅读理解 While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor（监控器） a few hundred miles away was watching he
43、r every move. Using a web camera equipped in Jennifers Los Angeles apartment, the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked - remotely - to prevent Internet sea
44、rches , and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past Or was she slowing down In the battle against cheating, this is the cutting edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of onlin
45、e education. The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid - that students havent just searched the Internet to get
46、 the right answers. Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of open online courses. Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions
47、 of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance. Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students identities using personal information, such as th
48、e telephone number they once used. Other programs can produce unique exam by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test question are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet dat
