1、Celebrating Nigeria http:/ Republic of Nigeria,British government controlled the territory that become Nigeria from the 19th century. After World War II through a series of constitutions the British government granted Nigeria greater autonomy. October 1st 1960 Nigeria gained its independence from th
2、e colonial masters. A new constitution was adopted in 1999 and a transition to civilian government after nearly 16 years of military rule. Although the April 2003 elections were marred by some irregularities, Nigeria is currently experiencing its longest period of civilian rule since independence.,L
3、ocation, Size & Time,Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon slightly more than twice the size of California6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time,Climate,varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north,Terrain & Elevation extremes:,south
4、ern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 meter highest point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 meters,Natural resources:,natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone, niobium, lead, zinc, arable land,products:,Agriculture
5、 - cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber; fish Industries: crude oil, coal, tin, columbite; palm oil, peanuts, cotton, rubber, wood; hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products,
6、 footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel, small commercial ship construction and repair Exports - commodities: petroleum and petroleum products 95%, cocoa, rubber Exports - partners: US 49.7%, Brazil 10.4%, Spain 7.6% (2005) Imports - commodities: machinery, chemicals, transport e
7、quipment, manufactured goods, food and live animalsImports - partners: China 10.5%, US 7.3%, UK 6.7%, Netherlands 6.1%, France 6%, Germany 4.3% (2005),Natural hazards: Environment - current issues:,periodic droughts; flooding soil degradation; rapid deforestation; urban air and water pollution; dese
8、rtification; oil pollution - water, air, and soil; has suffered serious damage from oil spills; loss of arable land; rapid urbanization,Population:,131,859,731 ( 132 million) note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in
9、 lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2006 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 42.3% (male 28,089,017/female 27,665,212) 15-64 years: 54.6% (
10、male 36,644,885/female 35,405,915) 65 years and over: 3.1% (male 1,930,007/female 2,124,695) (2006 est.),Birth rate,Total fertility rate: 5.49 children born/woman (2006 est.),Median age:,total: 18.7 years male: 18.7 years female: 18.6 years (2006 est.) Population growth rate: 2.38% (2006 est.) Birth
11、 rate: 40.43 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) Death rate: 16.94 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.),Life expectancy at birth:,Total population: 47.08 years male: 46.52 years female: 47.66 years (2006 est.),Sex ratio:,at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1
12、.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2006 est.),Infant mortality rate:,Total: 97.14 deaths/1,000 live births male: 104.05 deaths/1,000 live births female: 90.02 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.),Ethnic groups:,Nigeria, Africas most popul
13、ous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups; the following are the most populous and politically influential: Hausa and Fulani 29%, Yoruba 21%, Igbo (Ibo) 18%, Ijaw 10%, Kanuri 4%, Ibibio 3.5%, Tiv 2.5%,An Essay on the Future of Nigeria,“With an estimated population of 123,337,822, Niger
14、ia is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups. In any polity with such diverse ethnic affiliations, it is perhaps inescapable that inter ethnic conflicts will play a vital role in the countrys politics. Each ethnic group regards itself as a distinct nationality with defined customs and territories.
15、The contending desires to assert this distinctiveness collides with the federal governments strategy to create a NIGERIAN.” RESISTANCE POLITICS: By O. Igho Natufe, Ph.D. (E-mail: INATUFENRCAN.GC.CA) http:/www.waado.org/NigerDelta/Essays/Natufe_Howard.htm http:/www.waado.org/NigerDelta/Essays/EssaysP
16、age.html,Religions, Languages & Literacy,Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10%English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani Definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 68% male: 75.7% female: 60.6% (2003 est.)6 years compulsory educationA major obstacle to th
17、e further advancement of education in Nigeria is the shortage of qualified teachers; large numbers of foreigners are employed, particularly by the universities.,Therefore, if education for all is to be achieved in the next millennium there is the need for a greater support by individual, local, stat
18、e and federal governments and international agencies. http:/ world oil producer 8th world exporter http:/www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/topworldtables1_2.html,Earning,An average primary school teacher (high school grad) earns about $1.17/day,Why Corruption? http:/ divisions:,36 states and 1 territory*; A
19、bia, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Federal Capital Territory*, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nassarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara,Un
20、employment rate: 2.9% (2005 est.) Population below poverty line: 60% (2000 est.) Currency (code): naira (NGN),Money and drug trafficking,a transit point for heroin and cocaine intended for European, East Asian, and North American markets; safe haven for Nigerian narcotraffickers operating worldwide;
21、 major money-laundering center; massive corruption and criminal activity; Nigeria has improved some anti-money-laundering controls, resulting in its removal from the Financial Action Task Forces (FATFs) Non-cooperative Countries and Territories List in June 2006; Nigerias anti-money-laundering regim
22、e continues to be monitored by FATF,HIV/AIDS,adult prevalence rate: 5.4% (2003 est.) people living with HIV/AIDS: 3.6 million (2003 est.) deaths: 310,000 (2003 est.),Major infectious diseases:,degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoa diarrhea, hepatitis A, and ty
23、phoid fever vector borne disease: malaria respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis aerosolized dust or soil contact disease: one of the most highly endemic areas for Lassa fever (2005),“Despite being the worlds tenth largest oil producer, 37 percent of Nigerians live on less than US $1 per day,
24、 according to the World Bank. By comparison, the much-smaller West African state of Senegal, which exports groundnuts and fish and has no major natural resources, enjoys more than twice Nigerias per capita income.” IRINnews.org UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs http:/www.irinnews.org/subscriptions http:/
