1、湖南师范大学翻译硕士英语学位 MTI考试真题 2013年及答案解析(总分:150.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、PART TRANSLATION O(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、SECTION A ENGLISH TO(总题数:15,分数:15.00)1.BEC (分数:1.00)_2.GPS (分数:1.00)_3.HIV (分数:1.00)_4.Melbourne (分数:1.00)_5.Semantics (分数:1.00)_6.overdue loan (分数:1.00)_7.avian influenza (分数:1.00)_8.Ph. D candidate (分数:1.00
2、)_9.cease-fire agreement (分数:1.00)_10.proactive fiscal policy (分数:1.00)_11.fixed exchange rate system (分数:1.00)_12.qualified commercial insurer (分数:1.00)_13.consultation on an equal footing (分数:1.00)_14.household and commercial lighting (分数:1.00)_15.United Nations Security Council (分数:1.00)_三、SECTIO
3、N B CHINESE TO(总题数:15,分数:15.00)16.大学 (分数:1.00)_17.免费通过 (分数:1.00)_18.流动人口 (分数:1.00)_19.种子选手 (分数:1.00)_20.共同富裕 (分数:1.00)_21.生态农业 (分数:1.00)_22.行政审批 (分数:1.00)_23.农业特产税 (分数:1.00)_24.在职研究生 (分数:1.00)_25.自然保护区 (分数:1.00)_26.学龄前儿童 (分数:1.00)_27.大规模裁员 (分数:1.00)_28.工资集体合同 (分数:1.00)_29.科技体制改革 (分数:1.00)_30.公共供暖系统
4、(分数:1.00)_四、PART TRANSLATION O(总题数:0,分数:0.00)五、SECTION A ENGLISH TO(总题数:1,分数:60.00)31.Most of the luxuries, and many of the so-called comforts of life, are not only not indispensable, but positive hindrances to the elevation of mankind. With respect to luxuries and comforts, the wisest have ever liv
5、ed a more simple and meagre life than the poor. The ancient philosophers, Chinese, Hindoo, Persian, and Greek, were a class than which none has been poorer in outward fiches, none so rich in inward. We know not much about them. It is remarkable that we know so much of them as we do. The same is true
6、 of the more modern reformers and benefactors of their race. None can be an impartial or wise observer of human life but from the vantage ground of what we should call voluntary poverty. Of a life of luxury the fruit is luxury, whether in agriculture, or commerce, or literature, or art. There are no
7、wadays professors of philosophy, but not philosophers. Yet it is admirable to profess because it was once admirable to live. To be a philosopher is not merely to have subtle thoughts, nor even to found a school, but so to love wisdom as to live according to its dictates, a life of simplicity, indepe
8、ndence, magnanimity, and trust. It is to solve some of the problems of life, not only theoretically, but practically. The success of great scholars and thinkers is commonly a courtier-like success, not kingly, not manly. They make shift to live merely by conformity, practically as their fathers did,
9、 and are in no sense the progenitors of a noble race of men. (分数:60.00)_六、SECTION B CHINESE TO(总题数:1,分数:60.00)32.中国共产党成立后,团结带领人民前仆后继、顽强奋斗,把贫穷落后的旧中国变成日益走向繁荣富强的新中国,中华民族伟大复兴展现出前所未有的光明前景。 我们的责任,就是要团结带领全党全国各族人民,接过历史的接力棒,继续为实现中华民族伟大复兴而努力奋斗,使中华民族更加坚强有力地自立于世界民族之林,为人类作出新的更大的贡献。 这个重大的责任,就是对人民的责任。我们的人民是伟大的人民。在
10、漫长的历史进程中,中国人民依靠自己的勤劳、勇敢、智慧,开创了民族和睦共处的美好家园,培育了历久弥新的优秀文化。 我们的人民热爱生活,期盼有更好的教育、更稳定的工作、更满意的收入、更可靠的社会保障、更高水平的医疗卫生服务、更舒适的居住条件、更优美的环境,期盼着孩子们能成长得更好、工作得更好、生活得更好。人民对美好生活的向往,就是我们的奋斗目标。 (分数:60.00)_湖南师范大学翻译硕士英语学位 MTI考试真题 2013年答案解析(总分:150.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、PART TRANSLATION O(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、SECTION A ENGLISH TO(总题数:
11、15,分数:15.00)1.BEC (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:BEC (Business English Certificate)商务英语证书2.GPS (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:GPS (Global Positioning System)全球定位系统3.HIV (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)艾滋病毒(人类免疫缺陷病毒)4.Melbourne (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:Melbourne 墨尔本5.Semantics (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:Semantic
12、s 语义学6.overdue loan (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:overdue loan 逾期贷款7.avian influenza (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:avian influenza 禽流感8.Ph. D candidate (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:Ph. D candidate 博士候选人9.cease-fire agreement (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:cease-fire agreement 停火协议10.proactive fiscal policy (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:proactive fi
13、scal policy 积极的财政政策11.fixed exchange rate system (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:fixed exchange rate system 固定汇率体系12.qualified commercial insurer (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:qualified commercial insurer 合格的商业承保人13.consultation on an equal footing (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:consultation on an equal footing 平等地位的磋商14.household
14、and commercial lighting (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:household and commercial lighting 家庭和商业照明15.United Nations Security Council (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:United Nations Security Council 联合国安理会三、SECTION B CHINESE TO(总题数:15,分数:15.00)16.大学 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:大学the Great Learning17.免费通过 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:免费通过 flee
15、 pass18.流动人口 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:流动人口 transient population19.种子选手 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:种子选手 seeded player20.共同富裕 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:共同富裕 common prosperity21.生态农业 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:生态业 eco-agriculture22.行政审批 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:行政审批 administrative approval23.农业特产税 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:农业特产税 tax on a
16、gricultural specialty products24.在职研究生 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:在职研究生 on-the-job graduates25.自然保护区 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:自然保护区 natural reserve area26.学龄前儿童 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:学龄前儿童 preschool children27.大规模裁员 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:大规模裁员 mass layoff28.工资集体合同 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:工资集体合同 collective contract of w
17、age29.科技体制改革 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:科技体制改革 reform of scientific and technological system30.公共供暖系统 (分数:1.00)_正确答案:()解析:公共供暖系统 public heating system四、PART TRANSLATION O(总题数:0,分数:0.00)五、SECTION A ENGLISH TO(总题数:1,分数:60.00)31.Most of the luxuries, and many of the so-called comforts of life, are not only no
18、t indispensable, but positive hindrances to the elevation of mankind. With respect to luxuries and comforts, the wisest have ever lived a more simple and meagre life than the poor. The ancient philosophers, Chinese, Hindoo, Persian, and Greek, were a class than which none has been poorer in outward
19、fiches, none so rich in inward. We know not much about them. It is remarkable that we know so much of them as we do. The same is true of the more modern reformers and benefactors of their race. None can be an impartial or wise observer of human life but from the vantage ground of what we should call
20、 voluntary poverty. Of a life of luxury the fruit is luxury, whether in agriculture, or commerce, or literature, or art. There are nowadays professors of philosophy, but not philosophers. Yet it is admirable to profess because it was once admirable to live. To be a philosopher is not merely to have
21、subtle thoughts, nor even to found a school, but so to love wisdom as to live according to its dictates, a life of simplicity, independence, magnanimity, and trust. It is to solve some of the problems of life, not only theoretically, but practically. The success of great scholars and thinkers is com
22、monly a courtier-like success, not kingly, not manly. They make shift to live merely by conformity, practically as their fathers did, and are in no sense the progenitors of a noble race of men. (分数:60.00)_正确答案:()解析:大多数奢侈品以及所谓的生活上舒适的条件,不仅是绝无必要的而且对人类的进步也是绝对的阻碍。从这两个方面来说,最智慧的人过去的生活比穷人还要简单和清贫。中国、印度、波斯和希腊
23、古代的哲学家们没有一个不是外在物质世界很贫穷,而内在的精神世界却很富足的。我们对他们并不是真正的了解。不过值得注意的是,我们对他们的生平事迹却是很了解。近代的那些改革家以及民族的大救星也大都如此。唯有站在甘于贫乐的有利地位上人们才能公平而又英明地审视人类的生活。不管在农业还是商业,文学还是艺术上,奢侈的生活结出的果实也都是奢侈的。如今,哲学教授遍地开花而哲学家却寥寥无几。当教授是很令人眼红的,因为过去他们都过着令人艳羡的生活。而成为一个哲学家,不仅仅要有细致入微的思想或是创立一个学派,而是要热爱智慧,要根据智慧的学说去过一种简单、独立、大度和值得信赖的生活。这不是从理论上,而是从实际方法上着手
24、去解决生命中的一些难题。那些伟大的学者和思想家的成功,一般都是唯唯诺诺的,而不是高高在上或气冲云天的。他们趋炎附势,实际上是沿袭他们父辈的所作所为,所以他们绝不是人类高贵的先知者。 解析 Most of the luxuries, and many of the so-called comforts of life, are not only not indispensable, but positive hindrances to the elevation of mankind. 本句句式简单,包含一个“not only.but.”的结构。 “comforts”的单数形式是“comfort
25、”,是“舒适,安逸”的意思,本属于抽象名词,但在这里变成了复数。由于与它并列的“luxuries”译为“奢侈品”,属于物质名词,故在这里把“comforts”译为“舒适的条件”以形成一一对应,也符合原文意思。 大多数奢侈品以及所谓的生活上舒适的条件,不仅是绝无必要的而且对人类的进步也是绝对的阻碍。 对于英文中出现的抽象名词的复数形式,应该在理解原文意思的基础上,结合词义慎重翻译。 Yet it is admirable to profess because it was once admirable to live. 本句句式简单,包含一个“because”引导的原因状语从句,但要把原句理解透
26、彻。 “profess”是“宣称,声称”的意思,但回到原文,前面分别介绍了“professors of philosophy”和“philosophers”的情况,下文对“philosopher”做了进一步介绍,而与之对应,故本句应是对“professor”的介绍。再依据“professor”是“profess”的变体来看,应该取用“教授”这个翻译,而不是翻译为“宣称,声称”。 当教授是很令人眼红的,因为过去他们都过着令人艳羡的生活。 It is to solve some of the problems of life, not only theoretically, but practic
27、ally. 主句是“It is to solve some of the problems of life”,包含两个状语词 theoretically和practically。 theoretically和 practically分别是由 theoretical和 practical转化而来的,是由形容词转化成的副词,在翻译时不能机械地翻译为“理论地,实际地”,这种表达与原文不符且不通顺,我们译为“从理论方面,从实际方面”。 这不是从理论上,而是从实际方法上着手去解决生命中的一些难题。 对于形容词转换过来的副词,在翻译时可以采取单独译成小短语或小分句的方法。 The success of g
28、reat scholars and thinkers is commonly a courtier-like success, not kingly, not manly. 本句主干是“The success.is a courtier-like success”而 kingly和 manly作状语修饰 success。 kingly与 manly都是由名词转变成的形容词形式,一般是用来表特征,在这里若翻译为“国王似的,男人似的”则不恰当,我们取表示“国王和男人”的特征词来翻译,译为“而不是高高在上的或气冲云天的”。 那些伟大的学者和思想家的成功,一般都是唯唯诺诺的,而不是高高在上或气冲云天的
29、。 对于一些由名词转换过来的副词,要结合原文,取其表示相应特征的词来翻译。六、SECTION B CHINESE TO(总题数:1,分数:60.00)32.中国共产党成立后,团结带领人民前仆后继、顽强奋斗,把贫穷落后的旧中国变成日益走向繁荣富强的新中国,中华民族伟大复兴展现出前所未有的光明前景。 我们的责任,就是要团结带领全党全国各族人民,接过历史的接力棒,继续为实现中华民族伟大复兴而努力奋斗,使中华民族更加坚强有力地自立于世界民族之林,为人类作出新的更大的贡献。 这个重大的责任,就是对人民的责任。我们的人民是伟大的人民。在漫长的历史进程中,中国人民依靠自己的勤劳、勇敢、智慧,开创了民族和睦共
30、处的美好家园,培育了历久弥新的优秀文化。 我们的人民热爱生活,期盼有更好的教育、更稳定的工作、更满意的收入、更可靠的社会保障、更高水平的医疗卫生服务、更舒适的居住条件、更优美的环境,期盼着孩子们能成长得更好、工作得更好、生活得更好。人民对美好生活的向往,就是我们的奋斗目标。 (分数:60.00)_正确答案:()解析:After the foundation of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese people, waged arduous struggles led by the Party to change the old China which was poor and backward into a prosperous one. And the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation saw an unprecedentedly bright future. It is our responsibility to unite the whole Party and the people of all ethnics of group to take hold of the baton of the history to struggle for the great re