1、考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 34 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Consumer products such as shampoos and sunscreens, even ones boosted as safer,
2、 may contain potentially harmful chemicals not listed on their labels, according to a study out today that tested dozens of them. Chemicals that【C1】_hormones or affect health were found in all 42 of conventional products sampled, as well as in most32 of 43of the alternative products【C2】_as safer, in
3、cluding some by Seventh Generation, the study says. The scientific group studies the【C3】_between the environment and women“s health. “It was【C4】_,“ says Julia Brody, co-author of the findings. She says consumers using a typical array of products are【C5】_many harmful chemicals. Seventh Generation, wh
4、ich makes six of the alternative products tested, welcomed the study“s goal of e-ducating consumers【C6】_questioned its method. Martin Wolf, its director of product sustainability, says the company【C7】_none of the chemicals the study found in three of its products. “The fact that trace amounts were f
5、ound raises questions“ about possible cross-contamination in either【C8】_or testing, he says. “There are so many【C9】_chemicals in this world that they“re finding their way【C10】_everything.“ John Spengler, a professor of environmental health at Harvard School of Public Health, who was not【C11】_the stu
6、dy, says the work is “very important“ for improving health concerns and【C12】_companies to possible cross-contamination in products, whether from the supply【C13】_or the packaging. “You don“t want to worry people【C14】_a reasonable extent,“ he says, adding that trace amounts of some chemicals may not p
7、ose a problem.【C15】_, he says, there“s an “interactive“ accumulating effect from broad use of chemicals, 【C16】_it“s important to look at them as a group. The study, which tested for 66 chemicals and found 55 of them in the products, says sunscreens and fragrant products had the most【C17】_chemicals a
8、nd some of the highest concentrations. Brody, who says there needs to be a more【C18】_listing and testing of a product“s ingredients,【C19】_consumers to use fewer products, seek plantbased ingredients and rely on【C20】_water, baking soda and vinegar for cleaning.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.disruptB.pr
9、oduceC.indicateD.regulate(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.definedB.billedC.calledD.designed(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.differencesB.bondC.subjectD.links(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.interestingB.devastatingC.disappointingD.puzzling(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.exposed toB.accompanied byC.accustomed toD.characterized by(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.andB.b
10、utC.forD.either(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.sellsB.studiesC.usesD.emits(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.manufacturingB.marketingC.classifyingD.designing(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.dirtyB.artificialC.fineD.organic(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.ontoB.overC.intoD.for(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.satisfied withB.involved inC.concerned aboutD.interested i
11、n(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.warningB.presentingC.devotingD.alerting(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.departmentB.technologyC.chainD.management(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.beyondB.toC.withinD.from(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.ThusB.StillC.MoreoverD.Afterwards(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.butB.asC.orD.so(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.targetB.specialtyC.la
12、bD.air(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.advancedB.appropriateC.completeD.professional(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.opposesB.urgesC.helpsD.forces(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.groundB.hotC.drinkingD.plainBrands are basically a promise. They tell consumers what quality to expect from a【C1】_and show off its personality. Firms invest
13、a lot on the image of their brands to【C2】_sales and loyalty. But measuring their value is hard. Millward Brown, a market-research company, is one of several that takes a stab at it. It has just published its annual ranking of the world“s “most【C3】_“ brands based on consumers“【C4】_and the performance
14、 of the companies that own them. The top 100 are collectively worth $2.6 trillion, the firm【C5】_Apple remains the world“s most【C6】_brand, worth $185 billion,【C7】_the head of three major technology companies. However, it may have been a【C8】_year for Apple in many respects: rivals are gaining share of
15、 the smartphone market;【C9】_and margins have been【C10】_. And Apple hasn“t unveiled a major new product since last October.【C11】_. none of the three major technology companies has increased much in value since last year perhaps because they have been refining their products【C12】_being startlingly inn
16、ovative. Microsoft, which tried to be startling by【C13】_a radical new operating system, has seen its brand value fall. Apple“s big rival, Samsung, jumped 25 places, partly by out-innovating Apple and partly by【C14】_its advertising expenditure by $1.6 billion. Visa was one of the main brand sponsors
17、for the 2012 Olympic games in London. But many of the big gainers【C15】_growth in emerging markets. That helps explain the rise in the value of beer brands like Brazil“s Brahma, which is worth 61% more than last year. Ten-cent, an internet services company, benefited from being innovative and Chinese
18、.【C16】_sales slowed in Europe, Zara, a high-street fashion retailer introduced online shopping for customers in China Luxury【C17】_companies tend their brands even more carefully than most. Gucci, whose brand value increased by almost 50%, has invested in technology to【C18】_its online and mobile pres
19、ence. The biggest riser this year,【C19】_. is Prada, whose brand value【C20】_63% as it increased sales in both old markets and new. But even in Western Europe its most enthusiastic customers were Asian tourists.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.materialB.produceC.productD.service(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.obtainB.
20、fosterC.lowerD.cultivate(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.fashionableB.creativeC.expensiveD.powerful(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.perceptionsB.suggestionsC.demandsD.answers(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.proposesB.reckonsC.decidesD.predicts(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.costlyB.popularC.valuableD.special(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.inB.onC.underD.at(8).【C8】（分
21、数：2.00）A.promisingB.lostC.despairingD.extraordinary(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.awardsB.budgetsC.profitsD.advantages(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.squeezedB.minimizedC.maximizedD.widened(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.MoreoverB.HoweverC.ThoughD.Likewise(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.not onlyB.as wellC.other thanD.rather than(13).【C13】（分数：2
22、.00）A.launchingB.fixingC.runningD.adjusting(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.boostingB.reducingC.keepingD.adjusting(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.attributed toB.disposed ofC.resorted toD.profited from(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.ButB.AsC.SoD.If(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.clothingB.applianceC.goodsD.article(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.supportB.c
23、onfirmC.degradeD.assist(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.furthermoreB.besidesC.thoughD.otherwise(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.reducedB.createdC.producedD.surged考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 34 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s
24、) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Consumer products such as shampoos and sunscreens, even ones boosted as safer, may contain potentially harmful chemicals not listed on their labels, according to a study out today that tested dozens of them. Chemicals that【C1】_hormones or
25、 affect health were found in all 42 of conventional products sampled, as well as in most32 of 43of the alternative products【C2】_as safer, including some by Seventh Generation, the study says. The scientific group studies the【C3】_between the environment and women“s health. “It was【C4】_,“ says Julia B
26、rody, co-author of the findings. She says consumers using a typical array of products are【C5】_many harmful chemicals. Seventh Generation, which makes six of the alternative products tested, welcomed the study“s goal of e-ducating consumers【C6】_questioned its method. Martin Wolf, its director of prod
27、uct sustainability, says the company【C7】_none of the chemicals the study found in three of its products. “The fact that trace amounts were found raises questions“ about possible cross-contamination in either【C8】_or testing, he says. “There are so many【C9】_chemicals in this world that they“re finding
28、 their way【C10】_everything.“ John Spengler, a professor of environmental health at Harvard School of Public Health, who was not【C11】_the study, says the work is “very important“ for improving health concerns and【C12】_companies to possible cross-contamination in products, whether from the supply【C13】
29、_or the packaging. “You don“t want to worry people【C14】_a reasonable extent,“ he says, adding that trace amounts of some chemicals may not pose a problem.【C15】_, he says, there“s an “interactive“ accumulating effect from broad use of chemicals, 【C16】_it“s important to look at them as a group. The st
30、udy, which tested for 66 chemicals and found 55 of them in the products, says sunscreens and fragrant products had the most【C17】_chemicals and some of the highest concentrations. Brody, who says there needs to be a more【C18】_listing and testing of a product“s ingredients,【C19】_consumers to use fewer
31、 products, seek plantbased ingredients and rely on【C20】_water, baking soda and vinegar for cleaning.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.disrupt B.produceC.indicateD.regulate解析：解析：首句提到很多消费品含有害化学物质，本句主语即是这些有害化学物质，因此会对人体造成伤害；从 or 后面的 affect(常指不好的影响)推断，空格处所填单词应和 affect 一样带有贬义。A 项disrupt 意为“破坏扰乱”，符合语义逻辑。(2).【C2
32、】（分数：2.00）A.definedB.billed C.calledD.designed解析：解析：上一句提到即使那些标榜为非常安全(boosted as safer)的产品都有可能含有未在其标签中列出的有害化学物质，推断空格处所填单词应和 boosted(宣扬，吹捧)意思相近。B 项 billed 与 as 搭配后表示“被宣称为”，语义符合。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.differencesB.bondC.subjectD.links 解析：解析：上句提到在抽样的产品中发现影响健康的化学物质，说明该研究主要关注消费者日常环境中所接触的化学物质与健康之间的关系。选 D 项 lin
33、ks“关系，联系”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.interestingB.devastatingC.disappointing D.puzzling解析：解析：上文提到在取样的日常生活用品中发现众多影响健康的化学物质，这无疑会给人带来不好的感受。选 C 项 disappointing“令人失望的”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.exposed to B.accompanied byC.accustomed toD.characterized by解析：解析：上文提到日常生活用品中发现影响健康的化学物质，说明消费者会接触到有害物质。A 项exposed to 意为“接触，暴露于
34、”，符合语义逻辑。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.andB.but C.forD.either解析：解析：句中的 welcomed(欢迎)和 questioned(质疑)表示的态度截然不同，因此空格处所填单词应能体现出两种态度的对比。B 项 but 表示转折，符合语义逻辑。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.sellsB.studiesC.uses D.emits解析：解析：上文提到 Seventh Generation 质疑该研究的方法，说明该公司对研究结果并不满意；本句的 none of the chemicals 对发现化学物质进行否定。C 项 uses 表明该公司负责人认为公司
35、产品并未使用该研究所发现的任何化学物质，符合语义逻辑。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.manufacturing B.marketingC.classifyingD.designing解析：解析：本句中提到 possible cross-contamination(可能的交叉污染)，交叉污染指的是产品在加工、运输和贮藏等过程中，不同原料或产品之间发生的相互污染。A 项 manufacturing“生产”和空格后的 testing 同为可能会产生交叉污染的环节，符合语义。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.dirty B.artificialC.fineD.organic解析：解析：上句
36、提到交叉污染，说明有害的化学物质存在于很多地方。空格处所填单词应与 harmful 意思相近。A 项 dirty“脏的”此处可理解为“有害的”。语义符合。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.ontoB.overC.into D.for解析：解析：产生交叉污染(cross-contamination)的前提是，有害化学物质进入到了产品中。C 项 into意为“到里”。符合语义逻辑。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.satisfied withB.involved in C.concerned aboutD.interested in解析：解析：本句提到 John Spengler
37、是哈佛公共卫生学院的教授，所研究的领域为环境卫生，推测上文所涉及的监测产品中的化学物质并不属于他研究的领域。该教授应该不是研究中的一员。not involved in 意为“未参与”，符合语义逻辑。选 B 项。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.warningB.presentingC.devotingD.alerting 解析：解析：此空需填入与 improving 一样具有肯定意义的词，用来说明此项研究的重要性。D 项alerting 代入后成为 alert sbto sth搭配，意为“提醒某人注意某事”，使公司意识到可能存在的交叉污染。符合语义逻辑。(13).【C13】（分数：2.
38、00）A.departmentB.technologyC.chain D.management解析：解析：从介词 from 及其后的 packaging(包装)可推断，此处讨论的是产品产生交叉污染的来源，包装是一个方面，另一个方面和 supply(供应)有关。chain 与 supply 搭配后表示“供应链”，故选 C 项。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.beyond B.toC.withinD.from解析：解析：John Spengler 教授说到某些微量的化学物质不一定会引发不良后果，说明人们不用过度担心。beyond a reasonable extent 表示“超出合理范围
39、”，此处可表示“过度”，不想让人们过度担心符合语义逻辑，故选 A 项。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.ThusB.Still C.MoreoverD.Afterwards解析：解析：上句提到某些微量的化学物质不一定会引发不良后果；但本句说广泛使用化学产品会产生一种“互动式”的累积效应。因此空格处所填单词应能表现出上下文语气的转折，B 项 Still 有“但是，尽管如此”之意，可表示转折。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.butB.asC.orD.so 解析：解析：从语义上看，前后两句存在因果关系：既然广泛使用化学产品会产生一种“互动式”的累积效应。因此有必要把这些化学产品看成
40、一个整体(look at them as a group)。空格处所填单词应表示结果，D 项 so 符合语义逻辑。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.target B.specialtyC.labD.air解析：解析：本句提到研究检测了 66 种化学物质，说明这些化学物质是检测的目标。A 项 target“目标”符合语义。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.advancedB.appropriateC.complete D.professional解析：解析：上文提到研究共检测了 66 种化学物质，在送检产品中发现了其中的 55 种，说明化学物质存在的比例非常高，因此原先产品的成分
41、表上所含成分及检测应该需要进一步改进。C 项 complete 意为“完整的”，符合此处的语境，也与文章首句所提及的产品标识不完善(harmfulchemicals not listed on their labels)呼应。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.opposesB.urges C.helpsD.forces解析：解析：从 seek plant-based ingredients(使用植物提取物)推断，Brody 对于使用这些含有有害化学物质的产品应持否定态度，因此会建议少用(use fewer products)。B 项 urges 有“鼓励，力劝”之意，符合语义逻辑。(2
42、0).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.groundB.hotC.drinkingD.plain 解析：解析：本句提到的 plant-based ingredients(植物提取物)、baking soda(小苏打)和 vinegar(醋)等都是天然无害的物质，因此所填单词与 water 搭配也应具备这样的特点。plain water 指“白开水，自来水，清水”,符合语义逻辑，故选 D 项。Brands are basically a promise. They tell consumers what quality to expect from a【C1】_and show off its p
43、ersonality. Firms invest a lot on the image of their brands to【C2】_sales and loyalty. But measuring their value is hard. Millward Brown, a market-research company, is one of several that takes a stab at it. It has just published its annual ranking of the world“s “most【C3】_“ brands based on consumers
44、“【C4】_and the performance of the companies that own them. The top 100 are collectively worth $2.6 trillion, the firm【C5】_Apple remains the world“s most【C6】_brand, worth $185 billion,【C7】_the head of three major technology companies. However, it may have been a【C8】_year for Apple in many respects: ri
45、vals are gaining share of the smartphone market;【C9】_and margins have been【C10】_. And Apple hasn“t unveiled a major new product since last October.【C11】_. none of the three major technology companies has increased much in value since last year perhaps because they have been refining their products【C
46、12】_being startlingly innovative. Microsoft, which tried to be startling by【C13】_a radical new operating system, has seen its brand value fall. Apple“s big rival, Samsung, jumped 25 places, partly by out-innovating Apple and partly by【C14】_its advertising expenditure by $1.6 billion. Visa was one of
47、 the main brand sponsors for the 2012 Olympic games in London. But many of the big gainers【C15】_growth in emerging markets. That helps explain the rise in the value of beer brands like Brazil“s Brahma, which is worth 61% more than last year. Ten-cent, an internet services company, benefited from bei
48、ng innovative and Chinese.【C16】_sales slowed in Europe, Zara, a high-street fashion retailer introduced online shopping for customers in China Luxury【C17】_companies tend their brands even more carefully than most. Gucci, whose brand value increased by almost 50%, has invested in technology to【C18】_its
