1、1997年考研英语真题试卷及答案与解析 1 Manpower Inc., with 560,000 workers, is the worlds largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people 【 B1】 into the offices and factories of America, seeking a days work for a days pay. One day at a time, 【 B2】 industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle
2、 to survive 【 B3】 reducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming. 【 B4】 its economy continues to recover, the U.S. is increasingly becoming a nation of part-timers and temporary workers. This “ 【 B5】 “ work force is the most important 【 B6】 in American business
3、 today, and it is 【 B7】 changing the relationship between people and their jobs. The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 【 B8】 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 【 B9】 by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans. For workers it can mean an e
4、nd to the security, benefits and sense of 【 B10】 that came from being a loyal employee. 1 【 B1】 （ A） swarm （ B） stride （ C） separate （ D） slip 2 【 B2】 （ A） For （ B） Because （ C） As （ D） Since 3 【 B3】 （ A） from （ B） in （ C） on （ D） by 4 【 B4】 （ A） Even though （ B） Now that （ C） If only （ D） Provided
5、that 5 【 B5】 （ A） durable （ B） disposable （ C） available （ D） transferable 6 【 B6】 （ A） approach （ B） flow （ C） fashion （ D） trend 7 【 B7】 （ A） instantly （ B） reversely （ C） fundamentally （ D） sufficiently 8 【 B8】 （ A） but （ B） while （ C） and （ D） whereas 9 【 B9】 （ A） imposed （ B） restricted （ C） il
6、lustrated （ D） confined 10 【 B10】 （ A） excitement （ B） conviction （ C） enthusiasm （ D） importance 11 The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds, _ could go penniless by next year. （ A） the larger one （ B） the larger of which （ C） the largest one （ D） the largest of which 12
7、 Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always _ with other elements, most commonly with oxygen. （ A） combined （ B） having combined （ C） combine （ D） being combined 13 Andrew, my fathers younger brother, will not be at the picnic, _ to the familys disappointment. （ A） much （ B） more
8、（ C） too much （ D） much more 14 I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I _ fully occupied the whole of last week. （ A） were （ B） had been （ C） have been （ D） was 15 Help will come from the U.N., but the aid will be _ near whats needed. （ A） everywhere （ B） so
9、mewhere （ C） nowhere （ D） anywhere 16 The chief reason for the population growth isnt so much a rise in birth rates _ a fall in death rates as a result of improvements in medical care. （ A） and （ B） as （ C） but （ D） or 17 He claims to be an expert in astronomy, but in actual fact he is quite ignoran
10、t on the subject. _ he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate. （ A） What little （ B） So much （ C） How much （ D） So little 18 Although we feel dissatisfied with the election results, we have to become reconciled _ the decision made by our fellow countrymen. （ A） for （ B） on （ C） to （ D） in 19 J
11、ust as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone _ to the system, so does the value of a computer system increase with each program that turns out. （ A） adding （ B） to have added （ C） to add （ D） added 20 The vocabulary and grammatical differences between British and American En
12、glish are so trivial and few as hardly （ A） noticed （ B） to be noticed （ C） being noticed （ D） to notice 21 When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them _. （ A） off （ B） aside （ C） out （ D） down 22 The wealth of a country should be measured _ the health and happines
13、s of its people as well as the material goods it can produce. （ A） in line with （ B） in terms of （ C） in regard with （ D） by means of 23 He has failed me so many times that I no longer place any _ on what he promises. （ A） faith （ B） belief （ C） credit （ D） reliance 24 My students found the book _,
14、it providing them with an abundance of information on the subject. （ A） enlightening （ B） confusing （ C） distracting （ D） amusing 25 Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial system will _ down the economy. （ A） put （ B） settle （ C） drag （ D） knock 26 In this factory
15、 the machines are not regulated _ but are jointly controlled by a central computer system. （ A） independently （ B） individually （ C） irrespectively （ D） irregularly 27 Every chemical change either results from energy being used to produce the change, or causes energy to be _ in some form. （ A） given
16、 off （ B） put out （ C） set off （ D） used up 28 If businessmen are taxed too much, they will no longer be motivated to work hard, with the result that incomes from taxation might actually _. （ A） shrink （ B） delay （ C） disperse （ D） sink 29 American companies are evolving from mass-production manufac
17、turing to _ enterprises. （ A） moveable （ B） changing （ C） flexible （ D） varying 30 If you know what the trouble is, why dont you help them to _ the situation? （ A） simplify （ B） modify （ C） verify （ D） rectify 31 I cant _ what has happened to the vegetables, for they were freshly picked this morning
18、. （ A） figure out （ B） draw out （ C） look out （ D） work out 32 I tried very hard to persuade him to join our group but I met with a flat _. （ A） disapproval （ B） rejection （ C） refusal （ D） decline 33 From this material we can _ hundreds of what you may call direct products. （ A） derive （ B） discern
19、 （ C） diminish （ D） displace 34 She had clearly no _ of doing any work, although she was very well paid. （ A） tendency （ B） ambition （ C） intention （ D） willingness 35 What seems confusing or fragmented at first might well become _ a third time. （ A） clean and measurable （ B） notable and systematic
20、（ C） pure and wholesome （ D） clear and organic 36 The public opinion was that the time was not _ for the election of such a radical candidate as Mr. Jones. （ A） reasonable （ B） ripe （ C） ready （ D） practical 37 Hudson said he could not kill a living thing except for the _ of hunger. （ A） sensation （
21、 B） cause （ C） purpose （ D） motive 38 For the new country to survive, _ for its people to enjoy prosperity, new economic policies will be required. （ A） to name a few （ B） let alone （ C） not to speak （ D） lets say 39 Foreign disinvestment and the _ of South Africa from world capital markets after 19
22、85 further weakened its economy. （ A） displacement （ B） elimination （ C） exclusion （ D） exception 40 When a number of people _ together in a conversational knot, each individual expresses his position in the group by where he stands. （ A） pad （ B） pack （ C） squeeze （ D） cluster 41 Although Professor
23、 Greens lectures usually ran (over) the (fifty-minute) period, (but none) of his students (ever) objected as they found his lectures both informative and interesting. （ A） over （ B） fifty-minute （ C） but none （ D） ever 42 (When) Edison died, it was proposed that the American people (turned off) (all
24、 power) in their homes, streets, and factories for several minutes (in honor of) this great man. （ A） When （ B） turned off （ C） all power （ D） in honor of 43 They (pointed out) the damage (which) they supposed (that) had been done by last (nights) storm. （ A） pointed out （ B） which （ C） that （ D） ni
25、ghts 44 (Because of) the recent accidents, our parents forbid my brother and me from (swimming) in the river (unless) someone agrees (to watch) over us. （ A） Because of （ B） swimming （ C） unless （ D） to watch 45 (A great many) teachers (firmly) believe that English is one of the (poorest-taught) sub
26、jects in high schools (at present). （ A） A great many （ B） firmly （ C） poorest-taught （ D） at present 46 In this way these insects show an efficient use of their (sound-produced) ability, (organizing) two sounds (delivered) at a high rate as one (call). （ A） sound-produced （ B） organizing （ C） deliv
27、ered （ D） call 47 I thought the technician was (to blame) for the (blowing) of the fuse, but I see now (how) I (was) mistaken. （ A） to blame （ B） blowing （ C） how （ D） was 48 For him (to be re-elected), what is essential is not that his policy (works), (but that) the public believe that it (is). （ A
28、） to be re-elected （ B） works （ C） but that （ D） is 49 (As far as) I am concerned, his politics (are) rather conservative (compared) with other (politicians). （ A） As far as （ B） are （ C） compared （ D） politicians 50 Id say whenever you (are going) after something that (is belonging) to you, anyone
29、who (is depriving) you of the right to have it is (criminal). （ A） are going （ B） is belonging （ C） is depriving （ D） criminal Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. (10 points) 51 Do animals have rights? This is how the question
30、 is usually put. It sounds like a useful, ground-clearing way to start. (T1)Actually, it isnt because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have. On one view of rights, to be sure, it necessarily follows that animals have none. (T2)Some phi
31、losophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. Therefore, animals cannot have rights. The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd, for exactly the same reason, so is the idea that tigers have rights. However, this i
32、s only one account, and by no means an uncontested one. It denies rights not only to animals but also to some people for instance, to infants, the mentally incapable and future generations. In addition, it is unclear what force a contract can have fur people who never consented to it, how do you rep
33、ly to somebody who says “I dont like this contract“? The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless. (T3)It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the considera
34、tion humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all. This is a false choice. Better lo start with another, more fundamental question: is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all? Many deny it. (T4)Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant res
35、pect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans. This view which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equival
36、ent to chopping wood, may seem bravely “logical“. In fact it is simply shallow: the confused centre is right to reject it. The most elemental form of moral reasoning the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl is to weigh others interests against ones own. This in turn requires sympathy and imaginat
37、ion: without which there is no capacity for moral thought. To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage sympathy. (T5)When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is a mankinds instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at. 51 【 T1】 52
38、【 T2】 53 【 T3】 54 【 T4】 55 【 T5】 56 It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australias Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill
39、 patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the groups online service, Death NET. S
40、ays Hofsess: “We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isnt just something that happened in Australia. Its world history“. The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens a like trying to deal with its moral and pr
41、actical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia where an aging population, life-extending te
42、chnology and changing community attitudes have all played their partother states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the U.S. and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling. Under the new N
43、orthern Territory law, an adult patient can request death probably by a deadly injection or pill to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off“ period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the w
44、ish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally HI law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “Im not afraid of dying from a spirit
45、ual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how Id go, because Ive watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks“, he says. 56 From the second paragraph we learn that _. （ A） the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countries （ B） physicians and ci
46、tizens share the same view on euthanasia （ C） changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty passage of the law （ D） it takes time to realize the significance of the laws passage 57 When the author says that observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling, he means _. （ A） observer
47、s are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasia （ B） similar bills are likely to be passed in the U.S., Canada and other countries （ C） observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoes （ D） the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop 5
48、8 When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will _. （ A） face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia （ B） experience the suffering of a lung cancer patient （ C） have an intense fear of terrible suffering （ D） undergo a cooling off period of seven days 59 The authors attitude towards euthanasia seems to
49、be that of _. （ A） opposition （ B） suspicion （ C） approval （ D） indifference 60 A report consistently brought back by visitors to the U.S. is how friendly, courteous, and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions Small-minded officials, r
