1、2013 年天津外国语大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷及答案与解析一、Vocabulary1 One purpose of the conferences was to foster a dialogue between opposing sides in the arms race, and the speakers often included scientists and government officials in charge of the unclear arms programs in their own countries.（A）start（B） bring up（C） develo
2、p（D）involve2 Modern infomercials usually relied on celebrity endorsement rather than high-pressure salesmen to lent credibility to their products.（A）mobility（B） trust（C） capability（D）loyalty3 An epidemic of Ebola virus in Africa prompted increased awareness of the potential dangers of so-called hot
3、viruses, which cause deadly and virtually untreatable diseases in humans and other animals.（A）almost（B） mostly（C） totally（D）completely4 In Saudi Arabia, a monarchy where conservative Islam prevails and no modified system of law exists, womens mobility is strongly curtailed.（A）strengthened（B） improve
4、d（C） lifted（D）reduced5 The contemporary botanical garden has many urgent tasks, the conservation of plant resources being paramount.（A）tolerable（B） deplorable（C） extreme（D）supreme6 Also of concern was the fact that many consumers lacked sufficient information and awareness to protect themselves in t
5、he marketplace and to make knowledgeable buying choices.（A）diligent（B） intelligent（C） remarkable（D）understandable7 Many countries had already removed the distinction between widows and widowers as regards eligibility for survivors benefits, and some were extending protection to other single parents.
6、（A）indication（B） reference（C） difference（D）relationship8 The soft economy did not slow the inexorable growth of TV and radio outlets in the U. S.（A）impossible to stop（B） likely to increase（C） impossible to happen（D）unreasonably low9 Where do comets come from? For years astronomers have postulated a
7、comet storehouse beyond the orbit of Pluto.（A）simulated（B） assumed（C） stimulated（D）assimilated10 A favorably moist rainy season through late July deteriorated during August and September across the eastern Sahel, leaving below-normal seasonal rainfall amounts in most areas.（A）courageously（B） probabl
8、y（C） advantageously（D）terribly11 Disagreement continued on ways to meet the undertaking to reduce carbon dioxide emissions given in the UN Convention on Climate Change.（A）production（B） reproduction（C） deduction（D）seduction12 Another exceptionally tough trading year for the world airline industry saw
9、 passenger numbers rise an average of 5. 7% but the profit made per seatthe yielddecline as wild discounting took place in vicious fare wars.（A）victorious（B） vigorous（C） tolerant（D）violent13 During the past few years archaeologist William Kelso delved into contemporary accounts of the settlement and
10、 searched for telltale postholes and palisades in the sandy soil.（A）description（B） accuracy（C） acquisition（D）destination14 With advances in xerography and desktop publishing, the fanzines became slicker and more visually appealing.（A）moving（B） available（C） attractive（D）destructive15 Greenpeace spoke
11、s-people attributed the cutbacks to a drop in annual fund-raising.（A）subjugated（B） allocated（C） safeguarded（D）regarded16 In Paris a record 81 international designers unveiled spring/summer collections, which resulted in fashion confusion.（A）underlined（B） uncovered（C） undetected（D）presented17 The Bri
12、tish newspaper industry continued to consolidate, with larger chains buying smaller ones rather than individual newspapers.（A）constitute（B） strengthen（C） contaminate（D）lengthen18 The ultimate verdict on welfare reform, however, would not be in for years. In some high-poverty areas, efforts were hamp
13、ered both by politics and by a lack of jobs and funds for support services.（A）hindered（B） tampered（C） doubled（D）interfered19 Both Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola moved into categories they had previously ignored, after seeing their potential cultivated by others. Bottled and canned tea experienced a renais
14、sance.（A）survival（B） approval（C） disapproval（D）revival20 The other cause of unemployment is deep in the modern structure of the welfare state. This places on the employer a substantial labor cost in addition to wages, the provision of pension and health benefits in particular but other costs as well
15、.（A）considerate（B） considerable（C） subsequent（D）successive21 Trends in new product development in the U. S. Alargely mirrored those in Europe, Bwith low-fat introduction continuing, Calthough at a Dreducing rate.22 The major international auction houses Aposted annual earnings that pointed to a Bhea
16、lthy art market, though Cthe one not as robust as Dthat of the frenetic 1980s.23 ALike a motion picture, which presents Bmoving images on a flat surface, a cyberspatial environment would convey realistic Cdetail in three dimensions and Dto all five senses.24 The rules laid the foundation for a major
17、 Arestructuring in gas pipeline operations by requiring pipelines to charge Bseparately for each of their services and by making them available Con equal basis to anyone Ddesiring to use them.25 Dissatisfaction Awith the economic relationships Bof industrialized and less industrialized countries led
18、 to proposals Cfor environmental Dtrade-offs.26 Overall, the question of treatment was Aunlikely to be settled quickly. There was no doubt Bthat some stones, especially sapphires Cfrom Montana, Dwere permanent improved by heating.27 In China discoveries Afrom more than 100 sites Balong with the Yang
19、tze River showed that rice Ccultivation began 11, 500 years ago Drather than 8, 000.28 Demand Aof new equipment rose Bas business improved. Unlike Airbus, Boeing had already been operating Cat full capacity and could not immediately Dmeet demand.29 The strong U. S. dollar continued to attract North
20、American visitors to Aoverseas destinations, Bwhile the long-delayed Japanese economic recovery and setbacks in Southeast Asian economies Ccaused the Asia-Pacific region to Dunder-perform.30 Curriculum reforms in India took a more Anationalistic turn Bas a Cgrowing number of foundation-sponsored pri
21、vate schools supplemented the government syllabus Dby studies of Indian culture, music, philosophy, and Sanskrit language.二、Reading Comprehension30 Below each of the following four passages you will find questions or incomplete statements about the passage. Each statement or question is followed by
22、lettered words or expressions. Select the word or expression that most satisfactorily completes or answers each question in accordance with the meaning of the passage. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET(40 points).(1)For common gifts, necessity makes pertinence and beauty every day, and one is g
23、lad when an imperative leaves him no option: since if the man at the door has no shoes, you have not to consider whether you could procure him a paint-box. And it is always pleasing to see a man eat bread, or drink water, in the house or out of doors, so it is always a great satisfaction to supply t
24、hese first wants. Necessity does everything well. In our condition or universal dependence it seem heroic to let the petitioner be the judge of his necessity, and to give all that is asked, though at great inconvenience. If it be a fantastic desire, it is better to leave to others the office of puni
25、shing him. I can think of many parts I should prefer playing to that of the Furies(复仇三女神). Next to things of necessity, the rule for a gift, which one of my friends prescribed, is that we might convey to some person that which properly belonged to his character, and was easily associated with him in
26、 thought. But our tokens of compliment and love are for the most part barbarous. Rings and other jewels are not gifts, but apologies for gifts. The only gift is a portion of yourself. You must bleed for me. Therefore the poet brings him poem; the shepherd, his lamb; the farmer, corn; the miner, a ge
27、m; the sailor, coral and shells; the girl, a handkerchief of her own sewing. This is right and pleasing, for it restores society in so far to the primary basis, when a mans biography is conveyed in his gift, and every mans wealth is an index of his merit. But it is a cold lifeless business when you
28、go to the shops to buy me something which does not represent your life and talent, but a goldsmiths. This is fit for kings, and rich men who represent kings, and a false state of property, to make presents of gold and silver stuffs, as a kind of symbolical sin-offering, or payment of blackmail.31 Ac
29、cording to the author, what is the best gift to the man at the door who has no shoes?（A）a paint-box（B） flowers（C） foodstuff（D）shoes32 Among the following behaviors, which may be not treated as being heroic when we are faced with the petitioner?（A）To fulfill his primary needs when you are not availab
30、le for those requirements.（B） To grant him whatever is requested.（C） Always being pleasing to supply his first wants.（D）To let him have a fantastic desire.33 Does the author agree to play the role of the Furies when someone has an unattainable desire?（A）Yes, he does.（B） No. he doesnt.（C） He has no i
31、dea about that.（D）It depends on the situation the author is involved in.34 The italicized word “apologies“ refer to_.（A）an expression of regret（B） defense（C） a poor example（D）equivalent35 According to the rule for a gift, what should a painter bring as a gift?（A）his painting brush（B） his paint-box（C
32、） his picture（D）his paint bucket35 (2)Being told I would be expected to talk here, I inquired what sort of a talk I ought to make. They said it should be something suitable to youth something didactic, instructive, or something in the nature of good advice. Very well, I have a few things in my mind
33、which I have often longed to say for the instruction of the young; for it is in ones tender early years that such things will best take root and be most enduring and most valuable. First, then, I will say to you, my young friends and I say it beseechinglyAlways obey your parents, when they are prese
34、nt. This is the best policy in the long run, because if you dont they will make you. Most parents think they know better than you do, and you can generally make more by humoring that superstition than you can by acting on your own better judgment.Be respectful to your superiors, if you have any, als
35、o to strangers, and sometimes to others. If a person offends you, and you are in doubt as to whether it was intentional or not, do not resort to extreme measures; simply watch your chance and hit him with a brick. That will be sufficient. If you shall find that he had not intended any offense, come
36、out frankly and confess yourself in the wrong when you struck him; acknowledge it like a man and say you didnt mean to. Yes, always avoid violence; in this age of charity and kindliness, the time has gone by for such things. Leave dynamite to the low and unrefined.36 According to the passage, why do
37、 people have to listen to some instructive advice when they were young?（A）Because these advice are given by the elderly who have plenty of experience.（B） Because these didactic advice are suitable to youth.（C） Because they should always obey the elderly.（D）Because the youth would retain the impressi
38、ve words and never treat them with obliviousness.37 What is the authors suggestion concerning the parents words?（A）Their words are merely superstition.（B） Their words may help you accomplish more in your life.（C） Their words could prevent you from making your own judgment.（D）Their words may offend y
39、ou.38 The italicized word “humoring“ means_.（A）putting into a good mood（B） making concessions to（C） entertaining（D）having the power to evoke laughter39 Among the following kinds of response, which is not the proper behaviour when you are offended by others?（A）To grasp a proper chance and make a coun
40、terattack.（B） To decide whether the offenders behavior is performed with purpose or not.（C） Always being reluctant to strike back.（D）To resort to a furious return for the offense.40 The italicized term “the low and unrefined“ means_.（A）the lower class（B） the barbarian（C） people lacking cultivation（D
41、）the poor40 (3)Most gulls dont bother to learn more than the simplest facts of flights how to get from shore to food and back again. For most gulls, it is not flying that matter, but eating. For this gull, though, it was not eating that mattered, but flight; More than anything else, Jonathan Livings
42、ton Seagull loved to fly. This kind of thinking, he found, is not the way to make oneself popular with other birds. Even his parents were dismayed as Jonathan spent whole days alone, making hundreds of low-level glides, experimenting.“Why, Jon, why?“ his mother asked. “Why is it so hard to be like t
43、he rest of the flock, Jon? Why cant you leave low flying to the pelicans(鹈鹕), the albatross(信天翁)? Why dont you eat? Son, youre bone and feathers!“ I dont mind being bone and feathers, mom. I just want to know what I can do in the air and what I cant, thats all. I just want to know. “See here, Jonath
44、an,“ said his father, not unkindly. “Winter isnt far away. Boats will be few, and surface fish will be swimming deep. If you must study, then study food, and how to get it. This flying business is all very well, but you cant eat a glide. You know. Dont you forget that the reasons you fly is to eat.
45、“Jonathan nodded obediently. For the next few days he tried to behave like the other gulls: he really tried, screeching and fighting with the flock around the piers(码头)and fishing boats, diving on scraps of fish and bread. But he couldnt make it work.Its all so pointless, he thought, deliberately, d
46、ropping a hard-won anchovy(鳀类鱼)to a hungry old gull chasing him. “I could be spending all this time learning to fly. Theres so much to learn!“Why arent there more of us here? Why, where I came from there were.“ “.thousands and thousands of gulls. I know. “ Sullivan shook his head. “The only answer I
47、 can see, Jonathan, is that you are pretty well a one-in-a-million bird. Most of us came along ever so slowly. We went from one world into another that was almost exactly like it, forgetting right away where we had come from not caring where we were headed, living for the moment. Do you have any ide
48、a how many lives we must have gone through before we even got the first idea that there is more to life than eating, or fighting, or power in the flock? A thousand lives, Jon, ten thousand! And then another hundred lives until we began to learn that there is such a thing as perfection, and another h
49、undred again to get the idea that our purpose for living is to find that perfection and show it forth. .“41 Which of the following choices is not the difference between most seagulls and Jonathan Livingston Seagull?（A）Most seagulls just learned how to get food through flight.（B） Jonathan Livingston Seagull enjoyed flying business.（C） For most seagulls, the final destination of flying was not to be starved.（D）To fly and to eat were the common goals of most seagulls.42 What was other seagulls attitude toward Jonathans devotion into flight?（
