1、1,CAPACITY BUILDING IN PRACTICE: EXPERIENCES AND CHALLENGES METWorld Trade Organization - Geneva,A presentation by Canada November 6-7, 2002,2,Overview,Canadas experience What was missing? What was wrong? Adjustment in Canadas approach - Why? Lessons learned Donors and beneficiaries: possible avenue
2、s for change What it means for beneficiaries/donors An example,3,Canadas experience,Canada provides international technical assistance and capacity building Valuation, Origin, HS Valuation: Assisted 15 countries since 1997 10 more countries planned in near future,4,Canadas traditional approach,In pa
3、st, mostly technical assistance activitiesOne-off courses Seminars Minimal communication with other donors,5,What was missing? What was wrong?,Needs analysis not thorough enough Practical examples missing Recipient infrastructure to sustain effort was weak Inconsistency between messages of different
4、 trainers Organization changes: trainees are displaced Commitment and readiness for change lacking,6,Adjustment in Canadas approach - Why?,Need full commitment from recipientValuation agreement trade facilitating: need many stakeholdersLasting change effort requiredRecognize Impacts: customs, trader
5、s, other government departmentsNeed to identify challenges of implementation at the outsetNeed to focus on ability of the beneficiaries to help themselves,7,Lessons learned,Need to invest in capacity building Create a Technical Assistance Framework Assistance must be: demand-driven geared to capacit
6、y building based on a plan in partnership with recipient and stakeholders Objectives must enhance capacity and ownership Deliver through partnerships: regional, multilateral, bilateral Involve business and other government departments,8,Lessons learned,Assist recipients in assessing needs and priori
7、ties Listen to recipients Integrate in larger customs reform and modernization project Use knowledge and skill transfer approaches Encourage country to: Develop staff and own expertise Institutionalize through written policies/procedures Partner with traders Must conduct evaluation/post-implementati
8、on follow-up No “one size fits all”,9,Donors and beneficiaries: possible avenues for change,Framework for prioritizing demands Multi-year plan Structured approach of cooperation: traders, donors, recipients, international and regional organizations More emphasis on beneficiary ownership in needs ide
9、ntification Improve evaluation mechanisms,10,What it means for beneficiaries,Taking more responsibility: Place request in broader national context Select appropriate staff involved in change effort Involve private sector in implementation Cascade knowledge and skills Lead on implementation and monit
10、oring of plans Evaluate progress: peer assessments,11,What it means for donors,Need to change approach: Coordinate better work with other donors Adopt new principles: Foster participation of stakeholders Embrace capacity building Improve own skills: building institutions, needs analysis, group facil
11、itation Systematic exchanges of each others programs and experiences Invest in follow-up and evaluation,12,An example,Customs Valuation: capacity building in APEC Partnership: Australia, New Zealand, USA Jointly planned, developed and implemented technical assistance and capacity building Modular bu
12、t comprehensive approach to knowledge and skills transfer Needs analyzed using diagnostic tools Obtained commitment for change at high level Coordinated efforts; reduced costs and duplication Worked with banker: APEC Secretariat,13,An example (ctnd),Customs Valuation: capacity building in APEC3 Modu
13、les developed Infrastructure of the Valuation Program Complexities of the Agreement Post-importation environment,14,The way forward,Pursue aggressive timetable for a comprehensive capacity building strategy in customs valuationMore cooperation amongst donorsDefine role of all partners and stakeholders in capacity building,15,In short,Identification of needs +Commitment to change =Key to success,
