1、医学博士外语-试卷 9 及答案解析(总分：156.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.Section A（分数：10.00）_A.Change her diet.B.Take a different kind of medicine.C.Ask another doctor about the problem.D.Do special ankle exercises.A.Because his wife was upset.B.Because his wife was rude.C.Because his son was ill.D.Because Mr. Brown“ s son was ill
2、.A.She doesn“t like the furniture in the apartment.B.She can“t bear the noise from one of his neighbors.C.She doesn“ t like the managing way of this apartment.D.She was troubled by the pets“ noise all night.A.She wants the man to be at the station when she arrives.B.She isn“ t sure which train she“
3、11 be on.C.The train will be an hour late.D.She“ 11 leave home at 6: 30.A.They are lost.B.The second woman doesn“t have enough money to pay for them.C.The film hasn“ t been processed yet.D.The second woman is in a hurry.A.She doesn“t spend much time with her friends.B.She doesn“t like her school.C.S
4、he has adapted easily to her new school.D.She spends most of her free time at school.A.The program begins on Sunday.B.He“ 11 meet the woman on Saturday.C.They could watch the Program on Sunday.D.His cousin arrives on Sunday.A.Borrow her book.B.Check the classroom again.C.Buy a new book.D.Ask about t
5、he book at the information desk.A.He doesn“t have extra money to spend.B.He never buys things over the phone.C.He doesn“t need the provided service.D.He doesn“t like to do sports in his spare time.A.Ask for some advice.B.Invite the man to go to Germany.C.Hire a tourist guide.D.Find a German friend.2
6、.Section B（分数：10.00）_A.15 million.B.40,000.C.50 million.D.14000A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.A.Children may die by losing too much water, sugar and salt.B.The bacteria damage the children“ s heart and kidney.C.Diarrhea can not clear the bacteria.D.Children“ s defense system can not fight off the disea
7、se.A.To cure diarrhea.B.To kill harmful bacteria.C.To clear harmful bacteria.D.To keep fluid levels normal.A.The treatment is easily prepared.B.The treatment has worked successfully in many countries.C.It reduced by two thirds the number of deaths caused by diarrhea.D.The program has now been extend
8、ed throughout Egypt.A.A doctor.B.A nurse.C.Dr. Brown.D.The girl herself.A.Because she was a French girl.B.Because the hospitals in New York were full at that time.C.Because the doctors in New York were not sure to cure her.D.Because she was the daughter of a doctor there.A.A pair of infected glasses
9、.B.An adult who carried thallium virus.C.A harmful substance used in a pesticide.D.Machinery used in manufacturing optical glass.A.They thought it“s impossible.B.They thought the nurse“ s idea was right.C.They showed no attitude.D.They were not sure whether the nurse“ s idea was right.A.She was an u
10、rgent case.B.She was a simple case.C.She was a routine case.D.She was a general ease.3.Section A（分数：2.00）_4.Despite almost universal_of the vital importance of women“ s literacy, education remains a dream for far too many women in far too many countries of the world.（分数：2.00）A.identificationB.confes
11、sionC.announcementD.acknowledgement5.While in London, we paid a visit to the hospital founded_the nurse Florence Nightingale.（分数：2.00）A.in line withB.in favor ofC.in honor ofD.in place of6.The engine_smoke and steam.（分数：2.00）A.gives upB.gives inC.gives awayD.gives off7.The English language contains
12、a(n)_of words which are comparatively seldom used inordinary conversation.（分数：2.00）A.altitudeB.latitudeC.attitudeD.multitude8.Studies confirmed that this eye disease was_in tropical countries.（分数：2.00）A.prospectiveB.prevalentC.provocativeD.perpetual9.Don“t_while I“ m talking. You can say what you wa
13、nt later.（分数：2.00）A.cut outB.cut inC.cut offD.cut down10.Being critical and dictatorial, the boss would_discussions and ignore comments not in agreement with his.（分数：2.00）A.dominateB.facilitateC.illuminateD.illustrate11.Professor Wu traveled and lectured through out the country to_education and prof
14、essional skills so that women could enter the public world.（分数：2.00）A.prosecuteB.acquireC.advocateD.proclaim12.Section B（分数：2.00）_13.Researchers have done extensive studies of how well children comply with their teachers“ instructions.（分数：2.00）A.obeyB.understandC.teaseD.ignore14.The repulsive monste
15、r in the horror movie frightened the audience.（分数：2.00）A.enormousB.disgustingC.aggressiveD.ostentatious15.Many underdeveloped countries now claim, often in concert , that their natural resources are their own, to be developed and used as they wish.（分数：2.00）A.in turnB.in conflictC.in agreementD.in re
16、sponse16.It is difficult to discern the sample that is on the slide unless the microscope is adjusted properly.（分数：2.00）A.overlookB.disclaimC.discardD.detect17.Walrus ivory, which the Eskimos used for weapons and carvings,is now very scarce due to the slaughter of the animals.（分数：2.00）A.migrationB.m
17、assacreC.dispersalD.reproduction18.The machine will crush wheat grain to make flour for the market.（分数：2.00）A.grindB.propelC.intensifyD.exempt19.For years an acrimonious debate over how to protect heroin users impeded efforts in the U. S.A. to control the spread of AIDS.（分数：2.00）A.encumberedB.belied
18、C.convolutedD.stoked五、Part Cloze(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Part Reading Compre(总题数：6，分数：60.00)For eight months he has floated in his private ocean. This morning he awakens, opens his eyes, yawns and kicks vigorously several times. His umbilical cord drifts by his questing fingers. He plays with it briefly, br
19、ings his hands up to his mouth and sucks his thumb. Over his mother“ s heartbeat and the gurgles of her digestive tract, he can hear her talking with his father. Interested, he stops sucking to listen. Until recent years, we could only speculate on what life was like for an unborn baby. Then, major
20、advances in ultrasound scanning began opening a window to the womb; doctors could view every movement of the baby on a televisionlike screen. The pictures show unborn babies yawning, sucking, grasping, stretching, blinking and making facesin short, all the things they will do after birth. Normally a
21、n unborn baby never experiences hunger or thirst. But if a mother does not consume sufficient nutrients, the baby“ s diet will not be adequate either. When an unborn baby is severely malnourishedfor instance, because his mother“ s heavy smoking restricts blood flow to the placentaDr, Jason Birnholz,
22、 an ultrasound expert, believes he has seen the baby“ s chest and throat making crying motions. A radio startles him awake. He blinks and grimaces at the new sensation, but then becomes interested in the music. He turns his head to bring his ear closer to the outside world. He notices the pressure o
23、f the book his mother is resting on her belly. He kicks at it, her laugh comes to him as a dull, echoing rumble. She pats the spot he kicked and, entering into the spirit of the game, he kicks back. They play several rounds before he loses interest and falls asleep. Can a mother“ s stress, anger, sh
24、ock or grief harm her baby? No. The normal stresses and strains of life won“ t hurt him. As the expert Maurers put it, such periods are the womb equivalent of having a spell of “ bad weather“. Some are startled when exposed to a series of loud buzzes, but some then turn an ear to listen. Severe cont
25、inuous stress may be another story. It remains unclear whether problems arise from the stress itself or from the poor nutrition, smoking, drinking or drug taking that likely accompany it. In any case the baby is affected.（分数：10.00）(1).“He“ in the first paragraph refers to_.（分数：2.00）A.an eight-month-
26、old baby in his small roomB.an unborn baby in his mother“ s wombC.a newborn baby in his mother“ s wombD.a would-be baby in the hospital(2).“Ultrasound scanning“ in the second paragraph most probably is a kind of_.（分数：2.00）A.medical instruments for examining the patientsB.tools for opening windows or
27、 doorsC.glasses for seeing through the babies“ bodiesD.pictures for showing the babies“ activities(3).People generally believe that_.（分数：2.00）A.babies have already learned to stretch and make faces before they are bornB.unborn babies are able to grasp, stretch when they stay in the womb for 8 months
28、C.newborn babies learn to suck and yawn soon after they are bornD.babies are unable to yawn, suck or grasp until they are born(4).Which of the following statements is FALSE?（分数：2.00）A.An unborn baby usually doesn“ t feel thirsty.B.An unborn baby will feel uncomfortable if its mother smokes too much.
29、C.An unborn baby is usually not interested in music.D.An unborn baby can feel the pressure of outside on the mother“ s belly.(5).The passage suggests that_.（分数：2.00）A.the severe anger of the mother will affect the unborn babyB.bad weather does no harm to the babies in the wombsC.some of the unborn b
30、abies are more interested in musicD.most of the unborn babies enjoy the good weatherCharles Paul and his wife, Hazel, stopped using the motor home they bought several years ago; it sits idle behind their house in Richardson, Texas. Travel is just one sacrifice they made to pay for the cost of their
31、prescriptions, more than a dozen medications for the two of them. They found relief by switching drugstores, to one in nearby McKinney. A prescription for Paul“ s diabetes had cost $ 89. 88 when he got it from a national chain but dropped down to $ 58 from McKinney“ s Smith Drug. Smith, which claims
32、 to be the oldest drugstore in Texas, has been getting a lot of attention since a Dallas newspaper touted its astoundingly low prices. The overwhelming response from the public has been “ a little scary,“ says co-owner Kaylei Mosier. She says the store simply marks each prescription up enough to cov
33、er its costs, but for many prescriptions that“ s a lot lower than at other stores. The Smith Drug story has highlighted a little-known fact: prescription prices vary from city to city and block to block, and a little research can save consumers hundreds or thousands of dollars. Insurance copays can
34、make these differences invisible, but they“ re a huge deal to the 45 million uninsured Americans. Why the price swings? Howard Schiff, executive director of the Maryland Pharmacists Association , explains that pharmacies generally buy their drugs from a wholesaler, who doesn“ t sell to every drugsto
35、re at the same price. Once the drug is in the pharmacy, each owner chooses how much to mark it up. Because fewer than 10 percent of consumers comparison-shop for prescriptions the way they might for a quart of milkand drug prices generally are not advertisedpharmacies don“ t worry that higher prices
36、 will drive people away, says Stanford economist Alan Scorensen. There is a downside to hopping from drugstore to drugstore. If people price-shop, they“ re going to lose some protection that comes from having one pharmacy track all your medications. Going to many pharmacies keeps one pharmacist from
37、 noticing potentially harmful interactions between prescriptions. Comparison-shopping is further complicated because pharmacies that have the best price on one drug don“ t usually have the lowest prices across the board, so finding a good price on one drug at a pharmacy does not guarantee a cheaper
38、total bill.（分数：10.00）(1).Charles and his wife haven“t traveled for long because_.（分数：2.00）A.their motor home was not in good conditionB.they wanted to save for medicinesC.they have been too weak to do soD.they didn“ t get their doctor“ s permission(2).We learn that the oldest drugstore in Texas, Smi
39、th, _.（分数：2.00）A.surprises people when its low prices are reportedB.sells prescriptions at prices below their costsC.is an unprofitable businessD.had many scared customers after a news report(3).Who may care LEAST about the varied prices?（分数：2.00）A.Those who are uninsured.B.Those who are insured.C.T
40、hose who comparison-shop for drugs.D.Those doing research in drugstores.(4).Some drugstores can sell drugs at a higher price than others because_.（分数：2.00）A.people may have more choices over the same productB.not many people know the price differencesC.some drugstores spend more on ads than othersD.
41、drugs were bought from different wholesalers(5).The word “downside“ used in the last paragraph refers to_.（分数：2.00）A.the poor service in tracking medicationsB.the trend of reducing drug pricesC.the popularity of comparison-shoppingD.the drawback of switching drugstoresWhether the cause is maternal a
42、nti-bodies, heavy metals or something else, there is no question that the brains of young children with autism have unusual features. To begin with, they tend to be too big. In studies based on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and basic tape-measure readings , neuroscientist Eric Courchesne at Childre
43、n“ s Hospital of San Diego showed that while children with autism are born with ordinary-size brains, they experience a rapid expansion by age 2particularly in the frontal lobes. By age 4, says Courchesne, autistic children tend to have brains the size of a normal 13-year-old. More recent studies by
44、 Admiral and others have found that the amygdale, an area associated with social behavior, is also oversize, a finding Admiral believes is related to the high levels of anxiety seen in as many as 80% of people with autism. Harvard pediatric neurologist Dr. Martha Herbert reported last year that the
45、excess white matter in autistic brains has a specific distribution; local areas tend to be over connected, while links between more distant regions of the brain are weak. The brain“ s right and left hemispheres are also poorly connected. It“ s as if there are too many competing local services but no
46、 long distance. This observation jibes neady with imagining studies that look at live brain activity in autistic people. Studies using functional MRI show a lack of coordination among brain regions, says Marcel Just, director of Carnegie Mellon“ s Center for Cognitive Brain Imaging in Pittsburgh, Pa
47、. Just has scanned dozens of 15-to-35-year-old autistic people with IQs in the normal range, giving them thinking tasks as he monitors their brain activity. “ One thing you see,“ says Just, “ is that activity in different areas is not going up and down at the same time. There“ s a lack of synchroniz
48、ation, sort of like a difference between a jam session and a string quartet. In autism, each area does its own thing. “ What remains unclear is whether the interconnectivity problem is the result of autism or its cause. “It“ s impossible to tell the chicken from the egg at this point,“ Just says. Autistic people have been shown to use their brains in unusual ways; they memorize alphabet characters in apart of the brain that ordinarily processes shapes
