北京外国语大学英语语言学真题2011年

1、ike each other.（A）True（B） False3 Language is not an isolated phenomenon; it is a social activity carried out in a certain social environment by human beings.（A）True（B） False4 A stem is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an affix can be added.（A）True（B） False5 Two words, or two expressions, which have the same semantic components, will be synonymous to each other.（A）True（B） False6 To tell whether a sound is a vowel or not, we should judge its manners of articulation and the places 。

2、vs. dead（D）husband vs. wife3 Which of the following is a minimal pair?（A）pet, kid（B） put, pest（C） cave, shave（D）must, taste4 Which of the following ways of word-formation does not change the grammatical class of the stems?（A）compound（B） inflection（C） derivation（D）coinage5 Which of the following statements is true?（A）Larynx is what we sometimes call “Adams apple“.（B） The International Phonetic Alphabet uses narrow transcription.（C） There are two nasal consonants in English.（D）It is sounds by。

3、f and reciprocals like each other.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False3.Language is not an isolated phenomenon; it is a social activity carried out in a certain social environment by human beings.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False4.A stem is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an affix can be added.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False5.Two words, or two expressions, which have the same semantic components, will be synonymous to each other.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False6.To tell whether a sound is a vowel or not, we should judge 。

4、0）A.single vs. marriedB.hot vs. coldC.alive vs. deadD.husband vs. wife3.Which of the following is a minimal pair?（分数：2.00）A.pet, kidB.put, pestC.cave, shaveD.must, taste4.Which of the following ways of word-formation does not change the grammatical class of the stems?（分数：2.00）A.compoundB.inflectionC.derivationD.coinage5.Which of the following statements is true?（分数：2.00）A.Larynx is what we sometimes call “Adam“s apple“.B.The International Phonetic Alphabet uses narrow transcription.C.There are t。

5、ither real or unreal. This quality is called_.2 _refers to a sound produced with the obstruction of the air stream caused by two lips, such as in the production ofp.3 In Chomskys view, language is a kind of innate endowment with which children are born. This endowment is called _.4 In the word “suitable“ , -able is a_morpheme rather than an inflectional one.5 _refers to the sense relation between a more general, more inclusive word and a more specific word.二、判断题6 。

6、ent, in the past or in the future; either real or unreal. This quality is called 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_2. 1refers to a sound produced with the obstruction of the air stream caused by two lips, such as in the production ofp.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_3.In Chomsky“s view, language is a kind of innate endowment with which children are born. This endowment is called 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_4.In the word “suitable“ , -able is a 1morpheme rather than an inflectional one。

7、n. This quality is labeled as（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_2.The sound p can be described with “ 1, bilabial, stop“.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_3.The different members of a phoneme, sounds which are phonetically different but do not make one word different from another in meaning, are（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_4.Both semantics and 1 investigate linguistic meaning, but they focus on different aspects.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_5.If certain linguistics tries to lay down rules。

8、分数：1.00）填空项 1:_2.According to G. Leech, _ meaning refers to what is communicated of the feelings and attitudes of the speaker/writer.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_3.Terms like “apple“, “banana“ and “pear“ are _ of the term “fruit“.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_4.Human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present (in time and space) at the moment of communication. This quality is labeled as _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_。

9、00）填空项 1:_2.The 1 is the minimal distinctive unit in grammar, a unit which cannot be divided without destroying or drastically altering the meaning, whether lexical or grammatical.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_3.The brance of grammar which studies the internal structure of sentence is called 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_4.An approach in linguistic study which attempts to lay down rules of correctness as to how language should be used is 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_。

10、explain what your understanding of politeness is in the Chinese culture.(40 points) la)You could be more careful. lb)You werent careful enough. 2a)Her performance was so good as it might have been. 2b)Her performance was quite poor. 3 a)Ive tasted better apricots than these. 3b)These apricots taste awful. 2 One of the difficulties that middle school English teachers in China come across is that the students goals, the educational systems goals and the teachers goals do n。

11、 the noun phrases at the beginning of the sentences and the verbs? Could you classify the sentences into different groups and suggest strategies for interpreting each group?(40 points) (1)钱你先垫着。
(2)这件事你可以写一部小说。
(3)报纸我包书。
(4)小王我已经告诉他了。
(5)我结婚的都送这个。
(6)动物园跑了一只熊。
(7)谁都了解这个情况。
(8)哪个地方都买不到适合我穿的衣服。
2 What is your understanding of linguistic competence and communicative competence? Do you agree with drawing a distinction between these two competences? Why or why not? Please justify your answer with one。

12、umptions would you make if you were addressed in these two ways and why would you make them?(25 points) 2 Explain this statement and give at least two examples of it: “In studying other cultures, we do so from the perspective of our own culture.“(25 points) 3 Give an account of what you know about the English present perfect tense.(20 points) 4 If you are to teach a group of junior middle school students the present perfect tense in 45 minutes, how are you going to plan your class?(20 points) 5 。

13、he traffic light system with a human linguistic system?12 What is the aim of IC(Immediate Constituent)analysis? Make an IC analysis of the following sentence by means of either brackets or a tree diagram.My mother said Mary liked the handbag.13 What is your comment on the following paragraph? Rewrite it and explain why you want to rewrite it that way.One winter morning when Father left the Riding Club on horseback, Fathers horse fell with Father. Not only did the stupid animal fall but the 。

14、3.prefix（分数：2.00）_4.part of speech（分数：2.00）_5.back-formation（分数：2.00）_6.polysemy（分数：2.00）_。

15、ps between the noun phrases at the beginning of the sentences and the verbs? Could you classify the sentences into different groups and suggest strategies for interpreting each group?(1)钱你先垫着。
(2)这件事你可以写一部小说。
(3)报纸我包书。
(4)小王我已经告诉他了。
(5)我结婚的都送这个。
(6)动物园跑了一只熊。
(7)谁都了解这个情况。
(8)哪个地方都买不到适合我穿的衣服。
（分数：40.00）_2.What is your understanding of linguistic competence and communicative competence? Do you agree with drawing a dist。

16、hat assumptions would you make if you were addressed in these two ways and why would you make them?（分数：25.00）_2.Explain this statement and give at least two examples of it: “In studying other cultures, we do so from the perspective of our own culture./（分数：25.00）_（分数：40.00）(1).Give an account of what you know about the En。

17、d why?ii. Please explain what your understanding of politeness is in the Chinese culture. 1a)You could be more careful. 1b)You werent careful enough. 2a)Her performance was so good as it might have been. 2b)Her performance was quite poor. 3a)Ive tasted better apricots than these. 3b)These apricots taste awful.（分数：40.00）_2.One of the difficulties that middle school English teachers in China come acr。

18、phoneme（分数：5.00）_(3).prefix（分数：5.00）_(4).part of speech（分数：5.00）_(5).back-formation（分数：5.00）_(6).polysemy（分数：5.00）_。

19、(2).inflection（分数：5.00）_(3).mood（分数：5.00）_(4).modality（分数：5.00）_(5).interlanguage（分数：5.00）_(6).language transfer（分数：5.00）_。

20、(2).minimal pair（分数：4.00）_(3).distinctive feature（分数：4.00）_(4).linguistic variable（分数：4.00）_(5).lingua franca（分数：4.00）_Answer。